Syntaxonomy of mid-successional stages of secondary forests of the central elevated part of the Southern Urals

2012 ◽  
pp. 109-134
Author(s):  
P. S. Shirokikh ◽  
A. M. Kunafin ◽  
V. B. Martynenko
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Tree Layer ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species ◽  
Successional Stages

The secondary birch and aspen forests of middle stages of succession of the central elevated part of the Southern Urals are studied. 4 subassociations, 1 community, and 7 variants in the alliances of Aconito-Piceion and Piceion excelsae are allocated. It is shown that the floristic composition of aspen and birch secondary forests in the age of 60—80 years is almost identical to the natural forests. However, a slight increase the coenotical role of light-requiring species of grasslands and hemiboreal forests in the secondary communities of the class Brachypodio-Betuletea was noticed as well as some reduction of role the shade-tolerant species of nemoral complex and species of boreal forests of the class Vaccinio-Piceetea. Dominant tree layer under the canopy of secondary series is marked by an active growth of natural tree species.

Population dynamics of canopy trees in New Caledonian rain forests: are monodominant Nothofagus (Nothofagaceae) forests successional to mixed rain forests?

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 485-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Read ◽  
Tanguy Jaffré
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Term Change ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
Continuous Regeneration ◽  
Canopy Species

Abstract:In New Caledonia, rain forests with an upper canopy dominated by single species of Nothofagus occur next to mixed-canopy forests, without discernible environmental cause. A potential explanation is that they are different successional stages. To test this hypothesis and predict long-term change in canopy dominance, population size structures of 61 canopy species were analysed in six Nothofagus-dominated forests and three adjacent mixed rain forests. Weibull analysis suggests that these Nothofagus forests are secondary forests, with recruitment insufficient to maintain monodominance, except at a high-altitude site. At low- to mid-altitudes the Nothofagus canopy is predicted to develop into a mixed canopy, unless moderate to severe disturbance occurs within its reproductive lifespan. However, adjacent mixed rain forests are also secondary, with 85% of analysed species showing no evidence of continuous regeneration. Fifteen species from both forest types showed reverse-J curves suggesting continuous regeneration, but only Calophyllum caledonicum did so consistently. Since few canopy species showed evidence of high shade tolerance and persistence, a small number of shade-tolerant species is predicted to dominate both forests in the long term, in the hypothetical absence of disturbance. Hence, temporal factors associated with disturbances play a key role in determining dominance in these forests.

scholarly journals New segetal communities of sunflower crops in the Orenburg Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Sergey Maratovich Yamalov ◽  
Gulnaz Rimovna Khasanova ◽  
Maria Vladimirovna Lebedeva ◽  
Vladimir Vladimirovich Korchev
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Orobanche Cumana ◽  
New Variant

The diversity of weed-field communities of sunflower crops within the forest-steppe zone of the Orenburg Region (Abdulinskiy, Matveevskiy, Oktyabrskiy, Aleksandrovskiy, Sharlykskiy districts) was studied. The communities in the system of ecological-floristic classification units are assigned to the new variant Orobanche cumana of the Amarantho blitoides - Lactucetum tataricae Khasanova et al. 2019. In the core of the cenoflora of communities juvenile weed species prevail. The most active of them are late spring annuals ( Amaranthus blitoides , Panicum miliaceum , Amaranthus retroflexus , Setaria viridis ) and early spring annuals ( Chenopodium album , Fallopia convolvulus , Camelina microcarpa ). Root perennials such as Lactuca tatarica , Convolvulus arvensis , Euphorbia virgata , Cirsium arvense have also a high proportion. A distinctive feature of the communities is the participation in their floristic composition of a dangerous quarantine species - Sunflower broomrape ( Orobanche cumana ). Modeling the area of the association under a moderate scenario of climate change shows that the distribution of communities by 2050 can cover almost the entire territory of the Cis-Urals (within the Republic of Bashkortostan). It is necessary to organize a monitoring system for the range of these communities in the Southern Urals.

Tall herb boreal forests of eastern part of european Russia

2009 ◽  
pp. 3-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Zaugolnova ◽  
O. V. Smirnova ◽  
T. Yu. Braslavskaja ◽  
S. V. Degteva ◽  
T. S. Prokasina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
New Associations ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Succession Stage

On a basis of analysis of original and published data collected from north-eastern regions of European Russia, two new associations of tall herb boreal forest communities have been characterized. The first one, named Aconito septentrionalis—Piceetum obovatae Zaugolnova et Morozova ex Zaugolnova et al. hoc loco, was proposed earlier (Zaugolnova, Morozova, 2004). Now it has been validly described. Association is distributed in northern and middle boreal subzones. The second one, named Pulmonaria obscurae—Piceetum abietis ass. nova hoc loco, is specified and validly described for the fist time. It is distributed in southern boreal subzone. These two associations can be considered as a quasi-climax succession stage of spruce forests on their eastern border in the Russian Plain. These communities have the highest species diversity among taiga forests Together with three others forest associations, earlier described from the Southern Urals (Martynenko et al., 2008), the mentioned two belong to a new sub-alliance Atrageno sibiricae—Piceenion obovatae suball. nov. hoc loco within alliance Piceion excelsae Pawłowsky in Pawłowski et al. 1928 (in boreal-forest class Vaccinio-Piceetea). Block of the sub-alliance diagnostic species includes a functional group of boreal tall herb species. Their ecological and geographic characteristics have been described.

Geographical and phytocoenotic areas of endemic of the South Urals Delphinium uralense Nevski

2016 ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
L. M. Ishbirdina ◽  
N. I. Fedorov ◽  
A. A. Muldashev
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
South Urals ◽  
The South ◽  
Ural Mountains ◽  
The Urals ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Relict Species

The geographical and phytocoenotic areas of the endemic of the Southern Urals Delphinium uralense that is a relic species of the ancient Pleistocene steppe were studied. Species is listed in the Red book of the Russian Federation (2008) and the Red Book of the Republic of Bashkortostan (2011). The main part of the geographical area of the investigated species is limited by the Zilair plateau located in the south-western tip of the Ural Mountains, within the Urals fold-block surface. The phytocoenotic area of this species includes the xerophytic communities referring to 2 classes, 3 orders, 4 alliances, 1 suballiance, 2 associations, 1 subassociation, 1 variantand 4 non-ranking communities The formation of the unique complex of xerophytic oak-larch sparse forests and rocky steppes in the southern Urals is linked with the occurrence of the mountainous steppe with larch groves, which were the remnants of the xerophytic mountain landscape —“Pleistocene floristic complex” (Igoshina, 1961, 1963). The enrichment the floristic composition of the complex took place in the late Pleistocene due to following facts: the appearance of rock and mountain-steppe Asian relict species (Ryabinina, 1993), the migration of Eastern Siberian elements to the West, the movement of European species to the East, the formation of the Urals endemic floristic races (Krasheninnikov, 1939). Later, in the Holocene, the Pleistocene floristic complex was enriched by some species of broad-leaved forests (including oak Quercus robur), the penetration ofthe south richsteppe flora, and replenishment of the floristic complex by the Pontic and Sarmatic species (Igoshina, 1961). As a result of mentioned above processes a unique complex of xerophytic rocky mountain steppes and of sparse oak and larch elfin woodswas formed in the Zilair plateau.

The first data on possible Mezozoic magmatism within the Western slope of the Southern Urals

2018 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
A. O. Khotylev ◽  
N. B. Devisheva ◽  
Al. V. Tevelev ◽  
V. M. Moseichuk
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Western Slope ◽  
Isotopic Age ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Early Proterozoic ◽  
Carbonate Formations ◽  
Two Bodies

Within the Western slope of the Southern Urals, there are plenty of basite dyke complexes of Riphean to Vendian among Precambrian terrigenous-carbonate formations. In metamorphic formations of the Taratash complex (Archean to Early Proterozoic, the northern closure of the Bashkirian meganticlinorium) there was observed the andesitic dyke with isotopic age of 71±1 Ma (U-Pb SHRIMP II on zircons) and near Bakal two bodies of gabbroids with zircons of similar ages were found. These are the first evidence of possible Mezozoic magmatism in this region.

ABOUT THE PHYTOCENOTIC ROLE OF THE DARKNOUS SPECIES IN THE SOUTHERN URALS

2017 ◽  
Vol 212 (12) ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Ju.P. Gorichev ◽  
◽  
A.N. Davydychev ◽  
A.Yu. Kulagin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
The Southern Urals
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