scholarly journals Study of Phytoconstituents and Biological Activities of Medicinal Plants of Chitwan District

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Rama Pokharel ◽  
Surya Kant Kalauni
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Human Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Thevetia Peruviana ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract ◽  
Plants Extract

Four plants species, namely; Calotropis gigantea, Ageratum houstonianum, Catharanthus roseus, Thevetia peruviana (seed), and Thevetia peruviana (leaves) have been collected from Chitwan, and the crude methanol extract of respective plants parts and seeds were studied for their phytoconstituents and biological activity. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of glycosides, flavonol glycosides and coumarin glycosides as rich components. The Brine-shrimp bioassay of various plants extract showed that C. gigantean, A. houstonianum and C. roseus exhibited high toxicity against brine shrimp nauplii at LC50 (μg/ml) values of 23.44, 27.54 and 83.17 respectively. In addition to this, study of antimicrobial activity of respective plants extract on methanol showed that, all the four plants species were highly active for Staphylococcus aures and C. gigantea is pharmacologically active for other bacteria such E. coli, S. aures, K. oxytoca and P. aeruginosa. Study of anti-cancer activity on human pancreatic cancer cells such as PANC-1 revealed that the preferential cytotoxic activity of crude methanol extract of C. gigantea was highest at 100μg/ml for both NDM and DMEM.

scholarly journals Brine Shrimp Cytotoxic and Lemna minor Phytotoxic Evaluations of the Methanol Extracts of the Leaves, Stem and Root Barks of Sacrocephalus latifolius

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
E. O. Ikpefan
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Artemia Nauplii ◽  
Powder Samples

This work was aimed at evaluating the probable toxicity of the methanol extract of the leaf, stem bark and root of Sacrocephalus latifolius on Artemia nauplii and fronds of Lemna minor. The powder samples of the three morphological parts were independently extracted with soxhlet extractor apparatus using 95% methanol and were dried with aid of ritory evaporator at 40ºC. The extracts were subjected to biological activities involving brine shrimp cytotoxicity and Lemna minor test for phytotoxicity at 10-100 μg /mL respectively. The experiment was done in replicates of three. Concentration-dependent cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities were recorded for the extracts. The results revealed that extract of the leaves demonstrated significant cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities over the other parts of the plant. At 10μg/mL, the three extracts recorded little or no cytotoxic activity. However, at the maximum concentration of 1000 μg /mL, cytotoxicities of 66.67 and 3.33% were recorded for extracts of the leaf and root bark respectively, while the extract of the stem bark showed no activity. However, the LC50 of the leaf was 467.74μg /mL, and that of the other extracts were observed to be ˃1000μg /mL. The results for phytotoxicity followed a similar trend with the extracts of the leaf and root bark recording 52.96 and 23.33 % phytotoxicities respectively at 1000 μg /mL. Having shown a higher activity over the other extracts, the leaf extract of S. latifolius could serves as a natural alternative pesticide and weedicide. Keywords: Sacrocephalus latifolius, phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, fronds, Artemia nauplii, Lemna minor

scholarly journals Isolation of Secondary Metabolites from Leucas aspera and Investigation of Biological Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Md Selim Aktar Reza ◽  
Md Hasanur Rahman ◽  
Tofail Ahmad Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Leucas Aspera ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract ◽  
Sample Inhibition

Leucas aspera plant was subjected to isolation of secondary metabolites and screening of their biological activities. Four compounds, stigmasterol, lupeol, β-sitosterol and menthol, were isolated from methanol extract. Sixteen different micro-organisms were used for investigating antimicrobial activity of the different extracts of L. aspera where noteworthy zone of inhibition was observed against Gram positive B. subtilis and S. aureus, B. megaterium and Gram negative S. paratyphi, S. typhi, V. mimicus, S. dysenteriae and V. cholera. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the highest lethality was showed by crude methanol extract having LC50 values of 4.07μg/mL. The total antioxidant capacity of crude methanol fraction was found to be 59.40 mg/g of plant extract which was maximum comparing with other fractions. No significant cytotoxicity was observed on both HeLa and Vero cell at 1mg/mL sample inhibition. Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 68(1): 101-104, 2020 (January)

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibacterial, Antifunfgal and Cytotoxic Potentials of Crude Metabolite of ANAM-39, a Marine Bacterium Isolated from Sundarbans, Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumar Sarker ◽  
Md Anwarul Haque ◽  
Urmi Saha ◽  
Md Ajijur Rahman ◽  
Md Anwar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Systematic Screening ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

The present study was undertaken to screen the antimicrobial, antifungal and cytotoxic potentials of crude metabolite of a marine bacterium isolated from a soil sample collected from Sundarbans, Bangladesh. Primary and secondary screenings for antimicrobial activity were conducted by cross streak and agar well diffusion method, respectively. The antifungal potency of the crude extract was also tested by agar well-diffusion method. The brine shrimp lethality test was conducted to determine the cytotoxic nature of crude metabolites, which showed that the degree of lethality of metabolite was directly proportional to the concentration (LC50 30.19 ?g/ml). Further studies are needed to isolate and characterize the active principles present in the crude metabolite and determine their biological activity. The results of this investigation suggested that the soils of Sundarbans are rich sources of microorganisms with potent biological activities and systematic screening programs need to be conducted to explore the presence of pharmacologically active marine bacterial metabolites.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 18(2): 103-109, 2015

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Biological Activity Studies of Tinospora crispa Stem

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-170
Author(s):  
Mariam Rahman ◽  
Md Hasanur Rahman ◽  
Tofail Ahmad Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Shigella Boydii ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Vero Cell Lines ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Three compounds namely, tinosporol A, 8-methoxy palmatine and callecdysterol C were isolated from the methanol extract of the stem of Tinospora crispa. Biological activities of different partitionates of the parent extract was also evaluated. Antimicrobial screening of different partitionates was carried out against sixteen different microorganisms and only n-hexane fraction exhibited significant zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (9 mm), Shigella boydii (9 mm), Shigella dysenteriae (9 mm), Candida albicans (10 mm) and Aspergillus niger (10 mm).The crude methanol extract showed the highest general toxicity with LC50 values of 57.14 μg/mL against brine shrimp lethality bioassay.The total antioxidant capacity of aqueous fraction was found to be 61.61 mg as ascorbic acid equivalentper gram of plant extract.The antioxidant activity of DCM fraction revealed the highest activity having IC50 values 54.74 μg/mL. No significant cytotoxicity was observed on both HeLa and Vero cell lines. Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 68(2): 167-170, 2020 (July)

scholarly journals Chemical and Biological Investigations of Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr.

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Faisol Ferdous ◽  
Md Khalid Hossain ◽  
Mohammad S Rahman ◽  
Md Aslam Hossain ◽  
Shaila Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Samanea Saman ◽  
First Time ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Two compounds namely lupeol (1) and epilupeol (2) were isolated from n-hexane soluble fraction of crude methanol extract of the powdered whole plant of Samanea saman Merr. for the first time. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by extensive analyses of their high resolution NMR spectral data as well as co- TLC with authentic samples. In our preliminary screening, the n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, and dichloromethane soluble fractions of the crude methanolic extract of S. saman were subjected to antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The carbon tetrachloride soluble partitionate of the methanol extract exhibited mild to moderate antimicrobial activity and strong cytotoxicity having LC50 of 0.831μg/ml. Key words: Samanea saman; Leguminosae; lupeol; epilupeol; antimicrobial activity; brine shrimp lethality bioassay. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v9i2.7882 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 9(2): 69-73, 2010 (December)

scholarly journals Chemical and Biological Studies of Leaf Extract of Dendrophthoe falcata Linn.

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Rajdoula Rafe ◽  
Monira Ahsan ◽  
Choudhury Mahmood Hasan ◽  
Mohammad Mehedi Masud
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Dendrophthoe Falcata

Dendrophthoe falcata (Family Loranthaceae) is used extensively in rural area as a component of ethno-medicine for the treatment of various diseases. In this study, the crude extracts and the fractions obtained from D. falcata were investigated for potential chemical constituents and some biological activities. For medicinal properties the antioxidant, brine shrimp lethality and thrombolytic activities have been investigated. The structures of the isolated three compounds were solved by extensive analyses of their high resolution 1HNMR spectroscopic data. They were identified as Lupeol, 3-β-acetoxy-12-ene-11-one and β-sitosterol. For bioactivities, the petroleum ether, dichloromethane, chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions abbreviated as PESF, DCMSF, CSF and AQSF respectively. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay was used to evaluate potential cytotoxic activities, where all fractions showed significant activity with lower LC50. Most significant activity has been observed for methanol extract (LC50= 4.477 µg/ml). AQSF revealed maximum activity in DPPH free radical scavenging assay (IC50 = of 43.49 μg/ml). In assay for thrombolytic activity, the methanol extract and its chloroform soluble fraction demonstrated significant efficacy with 32.65% and 32.36% clot lysis, respectively.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 16(2): 215-219, 2017 (December)

scholarly journals Iron (FeII) Chelation, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power, and Immune Modulating Potential ofArisaema jacquemontii(Himalayan Cobra Lily)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasleen Sudan ◽  
Madhulika Bhagat ◽  
Sahil Gupta ◽  
Jasvinder Singh ◽  
Anupurna Koul
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

This study explored the antioxidant and immunomodulatory potential of ethnomedicinally valuable species, namely, Arisaema jacquemontiiof north-western Himalayan region. The tubers, leaves, and fruits of this plant were subjected to extraction using different solvents.In vitroantioxidant studies were performed in terms of chelation power on ferrous ions and FRAP assay. The crude methanol extract of leaves was found to harbour better chelating capacity (58% at 100 μg/mL) and reducing power (FRAP value1085.4±0.11 μMFe3+/g dry wt.) than all the other extracts. The crude methanol extract was thus further partitioned with solvents to yield five fractions. Antioxidant study of fractions suggested that the methanol fraction possessed significant chelation capacity (49.7% at 100 μg/mL) and reducing power with FRAP value of 1435.4 μM/g dry wt. The fractions were also studied for immune modulating potential where it was observed that hexane fraction had significant suppressive effect on mitogen induced T-cell and B-cell proliferation and remarkable stimulating effect on humoral response by 141% and on DTH response by 168% in immune suppressed mice as compared to the controls. Therefore, it can be concluded thatA. jacquemontiileaves hold considerable antioxidant and immunomodulating potential and they can be explored further for the identification of their chemical composition for a better understanding of their biological activities.

scholarly journals Bioactivity guided cytotoxic activity of Clitoria ternatea utilizing brine shrimp lethality bioassay

1970 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
AKM Shahidur Rahman ◽  
Oqna; Arslan ◽  
Rama Saha ◽  
Nirupama Talukder ◽  
SMA Khaleque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Bioassay Test ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

The crude methanol extract of leaves, seeds and stem-bark of Clitoria ternatea demonstrated a significant cytotoxic activity in a brine shrimp lethality bioassay test. The LC50 values of the crude methanol extract of leaves, seeds and stem-bark were found to be 25.82, 110.92, 179.89 μgm/ml respectively Among them crude methanol extract of leaves (25.82 μgm/ml) and methanol fraction of leaves (22.28 μgm/ml) showed a very promising cytotoxic activity. Further studies have been suggested to discover a novel bioactive compound from methanol fraction of leaves of Clitoria ternatea.   DOI: 10.3329/bjpp.v22i1.3564Bangladesh J Physiol Pharmacol 2006; 22(1/2) : 18-21

scholarly journals Primary investigating chemical constituents of bioactive extract from Centrostachys aquatica (R.Br.) Wall. ex Moq.-Tand.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Quoc Luan Ngo ◽  
Thao Cuong Ta ◽  
Thi Manh Huynh Tran ◽  
Minh Dan Le ◽  
Khac Khong Minh Ngo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Antioxidant Ability ◽  
First Time ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

This study is aimed to screen the biological activities and chemical composition to find evidences for potential medicinal applications of Centrostachys aquatica in the Mekong Delta. Crude methanol extract and subextracts in n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and acetone from Centrostachys aquatica were tested bioactivities. The methanol extract, n-hexane and ethyl acetate subextracts exhibited antimicrobial activity with corresponding MIC values of 200, 100 and 200 µg/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate subextract was inhibited cytotoxicity against cancer cell line LU-1 with IC50 of 27.66 µg/mL. None of the  extracts showed antioxidant ability. Three known secondary metabolites including oleanolic acid (1), 20(E)-hydroxy-b-ecdysone (2), and b-spinasterol (3) were isolated for the first time from the bioactive (ethyl acetate) subextract of Centrostachys aquatica. Their structures were elucidated by modern spectra as MS, NMR and comparison with published data.

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