scholarly journals Observer Variability in Head Circumference Measurement Using Routine Versus Non-Stretchable Tapes in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pareshkumar Amrutlal Thakkar ◽  
Kinjal Yagnik ◽  
Niyati T Parmar ◽  
Rashmi Ranjan Das ◽  
Ukti P Thakkar
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Observer Variability ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Measuring Head ◽  
Pediatric Department ◽  
Inter Observer Variability

Introduction: Observer variability is known in taking head circumference. Stretchable tapes do not provide accurate results after being used repeatedly. The aim of this study was to compare the intra-observer and inter-observer variability in measuring head circumference (HC) or occipito-frontal circumference (OFC) by using routine stretchable and non-stretchable tapes.Material and Methods: In this crosss-ectional study, all stable children in the age group of 1 month to 5 years attending the pediatric department of a tertiary care teaching hospital over six months period were included. The main outcome measures were: intra-observer & inter-observer variability in HC measurements by routinely used stretchable and non-stretchable tapes, and accuracy of readings of old stretchable tapes.Results: A total of 301 children were included. There was good correlation in the measurements taken by two observers (inter-observer), and three different readings of the same observer (intra-observer), correlation coefficient being > 0.99. With stretchable tape, 26% subjects had both intra-observer and inter-observer variability of ≥ 0.5 cm, which was 9.9% and 15.9% with the use of non-stretchable tape, respectively. Non-stretchable tape compared to stretchable tape had significantly less intra-observer (p < 0.001) and inter-observer variability (p=0.038).Conclusions: Observer variability was significantly less with the use of non-stretchable tapes compared to routinely used stretchable tapes. Old stretchable tapes used repeatedly over certain periods were not able to provide accurate readings.  

scholarly journals Prescribing pattern of antibiotics in pediatric department of a tertiary care teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Nalini G. K. ◽  
Neelamma . ◽  
Prasanna Kumar D. G. ◽  
Deepak P. ◽  
Sahana G. N. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Pediatric Department ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Prescription is an order from doctor for medicine. Rational use of medicines requires that "patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements, for an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost to them and their community". Irrational use of medicines is a major problem worldwide. This leads to serious morbidity and mortality also leads to reduction in the quality of treatment due to antibiotic resistance. Evaluation of prescribing pattern will help in minimizing adverse drug reactions, resistance among children. Also help to know the attitude of the physicians towards prescribing. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the prescription pattern of antibiotics in paediatric inpatients of Hassan institute of Medical Sciences.Methods: A prospective study, conducted among 110 patients below the age of 18 years and being treated with antibiotics were included in our study. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: Out of 110 patients, female (58) and male (52) are enrolled in the study from inpatient paediatrics department, majority of patients belonged to age group of 0-5 years (74%), respiratory tract infections 29 (35%) , gastrointestinal infections 26 (22%) and central nervous system in 9 (11%). Out of 227 antimicrobial agent, about 83.48% were cephalosporins, followed by ciprofloxicin (33.94%), amoxicillin (32.11%), and amikacin (6.42%).Conclusions: Cephalosporins (ceftriaxone) were most commonly used antibiotic, which covers gram positive, gram negative and anaerobic organism.

scholarly journals Study of socio-demographic determinants and body mass index of female class IV employees (Aayas and Mehatranis) at a municipal tertiary care teaching hospital in Mumbai, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 4990
Author(s):  
Bhagyashri D. Gawari ◽  
Sujata R. Lavangare ◽  
Gajanan D. Velhal
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Upper Middle Class ◽  
Class Iv

Background: Health care professionals (including class IV employees) are the most ignorant as far as their own health is concerned. Problems encountered at the workplace affect not only a worker’s health but also adversely affects the workplace environment. Today is an era of women who have diverse role to play in the society and often they handle multiple tasks simultaneously. They are therefore prone to suffer from work related diseases, which are further complicated by various social (responsibilities at home), psychological and physiological (e.g., pregnancy) issues.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out amongst 287 female class IV employees of municipal tertiary care teaching hospital in Mumbai during the period of April 2017 to December 2018. A semi-structured interview schedule was prepared comprising of socio-demographic determinants and BMI. Data was entered in MS Excel sheet and were analyzed in the form of percentage and proportions whenever necessary.Results: Out of total 287 participants, 101 (35.2%) belonged to age group of 41-50 years, more than half 168 (58.5%) were widows and majority 231 (80.5%) were Hindu by religion, 124 (43.2%) belonged to upper middle class, 158 (55.0%) belonged to a nuclear family and 44 (15.3%) had to travel more than 60 kms daily to reach at workplace.Conclusions: Study concluded that 35.2% participants were 41-50 years age group and 80.5% were Hindu by religion and 43.2% belonged to the upper middle class. Only 2.1% respondents had completed their graduation. More than half i.e. 55.1% of the participants were having normal body mass index and 10.5% were obese.

scholarly journals Clinical profile and major co-morbidities among hospitalized children with severe acute malnutrition: experience from a tertiary care teaching hospital of North India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Ashish Marwah ◽  
Poonam Mehta Nee Marwah
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Delayed Initiation

Background: Malnutrition is still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children aged less than 5 years and responsible for 60% of the 10 million deaths. The study was designed to evaluate the clinical profile and major clinical co-morbidities among hospitalized children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM).Methods: A prospective study was conducted in a pediatric department of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Haryana. All children aged 6 months to 5 years with SAM admitted between 1st April 2018 to 31st March 2019 were included in the study. The socio-demographic details, anthropometry, clinical details and outcome were recorded in a pre-designed structured performa. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 16. P value<0.05 was considered significant.Results: After screening a total of 131 children, 102 children met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. Out of these, 50 were males and 52 were females. Majority of children (i.e., 59.8%) belonged to 6-12 months age group. Majority (92.16%) belonged to lower socio-economic status. Exclusive breastfeeding during first 6 months was documented in 74.51% of the children. Delayed initiation of complementary feeds was observed in 78.43% of children and had a significant association with poor future outcome (p<0.05). Major clinical co-morbidities were severe anemia (56.86%), diarrhea (27.45%) and lower respiratory tract infection (19.6%).Conclusions: In our study, most vulnerable age group for severe malnutrition was 6-12 months infants. Low socioeconomic status of family and delayed initiation of complementary feeding were the major risk factors. Most common co-morbidities were severe anemia, diarrhea, lower respiratory tract infections and sepsis emphasizing the need to target these factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anaemia among the hospitalized children in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bala Gopal Muthusamy ◽  
Vinayagamoorthy Venugopal ◽  
Sumithra S.
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching

Background: The most important nutritional deficiency (micronutrient deficiency) among children in the present world is iron deficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of nutritional anemia (iron deficiency anemia) among the hospitalized children in the tertiary care rural hospital. To evaluate the distribution of anemia among various age groups, sex and its association with various systemic illness.Methods: Retrospective (record based) cross sectional study carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Information regarding age, gender, chief complaints, laboratory investigations carried out like total WBC count, haemoglobin was collected. Final diagnosis with system of involvement was documented. These factors were analysed.Results: Data collected from 905 patients were analysed for the study purpose. Out of 270 children in the age group of less than 2 years 72% of children were anemic. In the age group of 2-5 years55.7% of children were anemic. Nearly 2/3 of children in less than 5 years of hospitalized children were anemic. Overall 50% of children between1 month to 12 years were anemic. System wise analysis have shown 57% of respiratory cases, 47 % of gastrointestinal cases and 48% of infectious disease cases were anaemic.Conclusions: Nutritonal anemia is a major health burden in young children in developing countries. Iron deficiency in early life during the period of brain maturation is extensively studied by various research groups. Changes in brain were also reported in animal studies. Understanding the impacts of iron deficiency in terms of its role in cognitive development, intellectual development, motor development, immune function, school performance and physical development this is considered as an important and urgent public health problem in our country.

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