scholarly journals Biomass equations for calabrian pine in the mediterranean region of Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turan Sönmez ◽  
Mehmet Yavuz ◽  
Abdurrahman Şahin ◽  
Aydin Karhiman
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Calabrian Pine ◽  
Biomass Equations ◽  
The Mediterranean

The aim of this study was to develop allometric equations for the estimation of above-ground biomass components of Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) tree in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Using regression analysis, different allometric equations were fitted for the tree components of the above-ground biomass using diameter at breast height (dbh) and tree height as estimators. Two hundred and ninety-two trees between 0.4 and 63.0 cm in dbh were randomly sampled throughout 292 natural, pure Calabrian pine stands in Turkey’s Mediterranean Region, where it forms diverse stand structures. Finally, the allometric equations were developed for the tree components of the Calabrian pine tree for the stem, bark, branch, needle and total above-ground biomass. The stem, bark and total biomass equations explained more than 90% of the observed variability, while the branch and needle biomass equations explained 82% and 65%, respectively.

scholarly journals Allometric equations for total, above- and below-ground biomass and carbon of the Amazonian forest type known as campinarana

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia P.I.B. WOORTMANN ◽  
Niro HIGUCHI ◽  
Joaquim dos SANTOS ◽  
Roseana P. da SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Forest Type ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Weibull Function ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Biomass Equations ◽  
Below Ground

ABSTRACT The Amazon forest comprises many different forest types, amongst them are campinas and campinaranas, which occur on Amazonian sandy soils, representing 2.65% of Amazonian territory. An understanding of the ecology and quantification of the environmental goods and services of campinaranas is key to their conservation. Based on a direct method to estimate biomass and carbon content of campinarana, we harvested and weighted 89 trees and other forest components in ten randomly allocated plots of 100 m2 (10 x 10 m) and 11 additional trees outside the plots. The data allowed us to describe how biomass is distributed amongst campinarana vegetation and amongst tree compartments. We developed allometric equations to estimate the total, above- and below-ground biomass and carbon stock of this forest type. We used a Weibull function to test if the diameter distribution of the individual trees sampled was consistent with the diameter distribution of the forest type. We also tested if terra-firme forest biomass equations could be used to estimate campinarana biomass, and whether a correction factor based on dominant height would reduce the error from these estimates. Allometric equations are considered to be the most reliable and rapid method for calculating forest biomass, and are used in forest management and climate change studies. These are the first total biomass equations developed for central Amazonian campinaranas. The best fitted allometric equation for total fresh biomass was: ln (Total Biomass) = -1.373 + 2.546 * ln DBH (R ² = 0.98, Sxy% = 4.19%).

scholarly journals Use Basal Diameter to Establish Mixed Species Allometric Equations Predicting Woody Stand Biomass in the Sudano-guinea Savannahs of Ngaoundere, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mamadou Laminou Mal Amadou ◽  
Halilou Ahmadou ◽  
Ahmadou Ibrahim ◽  
Tchindebe Alexandre ◽  
Massai Tchima Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Ground Biomass

Little information on allometric relationships for estimating stand biomass in the savannah of Cameroon was available. Allometric relationships for estimating stand biomass were investigated in the sudano-guinea savannah of Ngaoundere, Cameroon. A total of 90 individual woody from sixteen (16) contrasting plant species belonging shrubs and trees were harvested in Dang savannah across a range of diameter classes, from 3 to 35 cm. Basal diameter (D), total height (H) and tree density were determined and considered as predictor variables, while total above-ground biomass, stem, branch and leaf biomass were the output variables of the allometric models. Among many models tested, the best ones were chosen according to the coefficient of determination adjusted (R2adj), the residual standard error (RSE) and the Akaike Information Criteria. The main results showed that the integration of tree height and density with basal diameter improved in the degree of fitness of the allometric equations. The fit allometric stand biomass model for leaf, branch, stem and above ground biomass were the following forms: Ln(LB) = -5.08 + 2.75*Ln(D) – 0.30*Ln(D2Hρ); Ln(BB) = -7.81 + 1.29*Ln(D2H) – 0.39*Ln(ρ); Ln(SB) = -5.08 + 2.40*Ln(D) +0.50*Ln(H) and Ln(TB) = -5.07 + 3.21*Ln(D) – 0.12*Ln(D2Hρ) respectively. It is concluded that the use of tree height and density in the allometric equation can be improved for these species, as far as the present study area is concerned. Therefore, for estimating the biomass of shrubs and small trees, the use of basal diameter as an independent variable in the allometric equation with a power equation would be recommended in the Sudano-guinea savannahs of Ngaoundere, Cameroon. The paper describes details of shrub biomass allometry, which is important in carbon stock and savannah management for the environmental protection.

Allometric equations for accurate estimation of above-ground biomass in logged-over tropical rainforests in Sarawak, Malaysia

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanaka Kenzo ◽  
Ryo Furutani ◽  
Daisuke Hattori ◽  
Joseph Jawa Kendawang ◽  
Sota Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Tropical Rainforests ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass

Characterisation of a windbreak system on the south coast of Western Australia. 2. Crop growth

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 717 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Sudmeyer ◽  
P. R. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Wind Events ◽  
Similar Area

This paper, which is the second in a series of three, describes dryland crop growth and yields in a windbreak bay in south-western Australia and relates changes to microclimate modification by the windbreaks. Over the 4 years of this trial, above ground biomass and the development rate of crops 3–20 times the tree height from the windbreak (H) were similar to crops growing in unsheltered conditions (more than 20 H from the windbreaks). Grain yield was 16–30% higher between 3 H and 20 H than at more than 20 H in 1994, the driest year on record for the district, in other years yield was largely unchanged. In contrast, above ground biomass growth was consistently less within 3 H than further from the windbreaks and grain yield within 3 H was 19–27% less than unsheltered yield. Water use by the trees is the most likely cause of reduced yield within 3 H. Over the 4 years, mean grain yield between 0.5 H and 20 H was 3.8% greater than yield at more than 20 H. This increase was largely due to the yield increase in 1994. As 5.4% of the paddock was directly occupied by, or uncropped next to, the windbreaks, there was a net yield decrease of 2.8% over 4 years compared to estimated production from a similar area with no windbreaks. The principle benefits of the windbreaks were reducing evaporative demand in extremely dry years and protection against extreme wind events. These benefits must be weighed against the costs of establishing and maintaining windbreak systems.

scholarly journals Grazing Exclusion, a Choice between Biomass Growth and Species Diversity Maintenance in Beijing—Tianjin Sand Source Control Project

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhe Li ◽  
Jiangwen Fan ◽  
Hailing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Grazing Exclusion ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Restoration Practices ◽  
Sand Source

Grasslands in northern China form an important ecological barrier that prevents and controls desertification. The Beijing–Tianjin Sand Source Control (BTSSC) Project has been implemented to restore grassland in order to control sand sourced pollution. This study aimed to understand the impacts of four applied restoration practices on the productivity, composition, and species diversity of vegetation communities in the BTSSC Project. The results indicated the following: (1) All the restoration practices tended to increase the height and cover of communities, and the effect was most obvious where grazing was excluded; (2) total biomass (87%), above-ground biomass (164%) and below-ground biomass (58%) only increased consistently when grazing was excluded from the steppe; (3) fenced and grazing exclusion practice significantly increased the abundance of species in communities, but all the practices tended to decrease the evenness of species; and, (4) the correlation analysis revealed that the Shannon–Wiener diversity index, and Pielou evenness index, showed significant negative correlations with the above-ground biomass of grassland communities after restoration, while no significant relationships were shown in reference plots. Our comparison of applied practices in the BTSSC project revealed that grazing exclusion might be a high priority for more successful restoration in this region.

Allometric relationships and community biomass estimates for some dominant eucalypts in Central Queensland woodlands

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 707 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Burrows ◽  
M. B. Hoffmann ◽  
J. F. Compton ◽  
P. V. Back ◽  
L. J. Tait
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Inventory ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Eucalyptus Crebra ◽  
The Mean

Allometric equations are presented relating stem circumference to branch, leaf, trunk, bark, total above-ground and lignotuber biomass for Eucalyptus crebra F.Muell. (woodland trees), E. melanophloia Sol. Ex Gaerth. (both woodland and regrowth community trees) and E. populnea F.Muell. (woodland trees). There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the slopes of individual lognormal regression lines plotting stem circumference against total above-ground biomass for E. crebra, E. melanophloia and E. populnea. Root-to-shoot ratios and leaf area indices were also determined for the stands contributing to each regression. The regressions were then applied to measured eucalypt stems in the associated plant community to give estimates of each stand’s component (eucalypt tree fraction only) biomass per hectare. These eucalypt regressions were next applied to measured stems of each species on a total of 33 woodland sites in which these eucalypts individually contributed > 75% of total site basal area. Above-ground biomass/basal area relationships averaged 6.74 0.29 t m–2 basal area for 11 E. crebra sites, 5.11 0.28 t m–2 for 12 E. melanophloia sites and 5.81 0.11 t m–2 for 10 E. populnea sites. The mean relationship for all sites was 5.86 0.18 t m–2 basal area. The allometric relationships presented at both individual tree and stand levels, along with calculated biomass : basal area relationships, enable ready estimates to be made of above-ground biomass (carbon stocks) in woodlands dominated by these eucalypts in Queensland, assuming individual stem circumferences or community basal areas are known. However, to document changes in carbon stocks (e.g. for Greenhouse Gas Inventory or Carbon Offset trading purposes), more attention needs to be placed on monitoring fluxes in the independent variables (predictors) of these allometric equations.

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