scholarly journals A METHOD OF EVALUATING URBAN LANDSCAPE COMPOSITION USING GENETIC ALGORITHM Besed on 19th century european landscape paintings as a criterion

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (523) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira OHGAI ◽  
Tomoko IKEDA ◽  
Satoshi HAGISHIMA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Landscape Composition

scholarly journals Quantifying the Spatial Integration Patterns of Urban Agglomerations along an Inter-City Gradient

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiliang Wan ◽  
Chuxiong Deng ◽  
Tao Wu ◽  
Rui Jin ◽  
Pengfei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Urban Rural

Understanding the integration process of urban agglomeration is essential for sustainable regional development and urban planning. However, few studies have analyzed the spatial integration patterns of metropolitan regions according to the impacts of landscape ecology along rail transit corridors. This study performed a comprehensive inter-city gradient analysis using landscape metrics and radar charts in order to determine the integration characteristics of an urban agglomeration. Specifically, we analyzed the evolution of spatial heterogeneity and functional landscapes along gradient transects in the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan (CZT) metropolitan region during the period of 1995–2015. Four landscape functional zones (urban center, urban area, urban–rural fringe, and green core) were identified based on a cluster analysis of landscape composition, connectivity, and fragmentation. The landscape metric NP/LPI (number of patches/largest patch index) was proposed to identify the urban–rural fringe, which revealed that the CZT region exhibited a more aggregated form, characterized by a single-core, continuous development, and the compression of green space. The integration of cities has resulted in continued compression and fragmentation of ecological space. Therefore, strategies for controlling urban expansion should be adopted for sustainable urban development. The proposed method can be used to quantify the integration characteristics of urban agglomerations, providing scientific support for urban landscape planning.

Management Strategy, Shade, and Landscape Composition Effects on Urban Landscape Plant Quality and Arthropod Abundance

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 1464-1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Braman ◽  
J. G. LATIMER ◽  
R. D. Oetting ◽  
R. D. McQueen ◽  
T. B. Eckberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Plant Quality ◽  
Composition Effects ◽  
Landscape Plant ◽  
Arthropod Abundance

scholarly journals Impacts of Urbanization on the Muthurajawela Marsh and Negombo Lagoon, Sri Lanka: Implications for Landscape Planning towards a Sustainable Urban Wetland Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
Darshana Athukorala ◽  
Ronald C. Estoque ◽  
Yuji Murayama ◽  
Bunkei Matsushita
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Landscape Fragmentation ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Urban Wetland

Urban wetland ecosystems (UWEs) play important social and ecological roles but are often adversely affected by urban landscape transformations. Spatio-temporal analyses to gain insights into the trajectories of landscape changes in these ecosystems are needed for better landscape planning towards sustainable UWEs. In this study, we examined the impacts of urbanization on the Muthurajawela Marsh and Negombo Lagoon (MMNL), an important UWE in Sri Lanka that provides valuable ecosystem services. We used remote sensing data to detect changes in the land use/cover (LUC) of the MMNL over a two-decade period (1997–2017) and spatial metrics to characterize changes in landscape composition and configuration. The results revealed that the spatial and socio-economic elements of rapid urbanization of the MMNL had been the main driver of transformation of its natural environment over the past 20 years. This is indicated by a substantial expansion of settlements (+68%) and a considerable decrease of marshland and mangrove cover (−41% and −21%, respectively). A statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between the change in population density and the loss of wetland due to settlement expansion at the Grama Niladhari division level (n = 99) (where wetland includes marshland, mangrove, and water) (1997–2007: R2 = 0.435, p = 0.000; 2007–2017: R2 = 0.343, p = 0.000). The findings also revealed that most of the observed LUC changes occurred in areas close to roads and growth nodes (viz. Negombo, Ja-Ela, Wattala, and Katana), which resulted in both landscape fragmentation and infill urban expansion. We conclude that, in order to ensure the sustainability of the MMNL, there is an urgent need for forward-looking landscape and urban planning to promote environmentally conscious urban development in the area which is a highly valuable UWE.

scholarly journals The Camondos and Their Imprint on 19th-Century Istanbul

1994 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Seni
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Insufficient Attention ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Low Cost Housing ◽  
Belle Époque ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact

In cities like Paris and London in the 19th century, the leading bankers not only supported the developing industrialization but also established practices that determined the nature of their charitable and philanthropic activity and their patronage of the arts. They supported scientific and archaeological research as well. The recurrence of these practices over the century is increasingly recognized and would justify investigation to uncover the underlying rules that governed the activities of bankers outside the financial sphere. In other words, it would justify research in terms of the anthropology of bankers. One aspect that has, so far, received insufficient attention is the impact these bankers had on cities—both in their role as builders and protectors of schools and hospitals and in the imprint they made on the urban landscape. In housing, for example, the Stern, Heine, and Weill families established foundations in Paris for the construction of HBM (habitat bon marché, low-cost housing), and architects adopted by the great banking families, such as William Bouwens, chosen by the banker Henri Germain to build the Parisian headquarters of Crédit Lyonnais, designed the great undertakings of the Parisian Belle Époque.

scholarly journals Epoch and School: Beginnings of Architectural Education at the Riga Polytechnic

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Uģis Bratuškins ◽  
Sandra Treija
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Technical Education ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Architectural Education ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The Baltic

AbstractIn the mid-19th century, European countries underwent significant changes in their economies. To a large extent they were facilitated by the development of railways. The ability to transport goods quickly and cheaply by land facilitated industrial development and urban growth. The growing needs of the economy created the need for educated specialists who could successfully meet the increasing demands. Riga was not an exception in these processes. A decision inspired by local entrepreneurs was made to educate specialists locally instead of attracting them from other countries. Established in 1862, the Riga Polytechnic was the first institution of higher technical education in the Baltic region. Already in the first decade of its operation, the Department of Architecture (DA) was opened. This study is aimed at identifying and evaluating the circumstances that impacted the formation of architectural education in Riga and estimating the contribution of DA graduates to the urban landscape of Riga city centre.

The Landscape of Display: The Ashcan School, Spectacle, and the Staging of Everyday Life

Prospects ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 205-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Fairman
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
American City ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Ashcan School ◽  
Urban Scene ◽  
The City

With the late-19th-Century rise of the metropolis came new ways of seeing in the American city. Observers attempting to decipher the “mysteries” of an urban landscape radically transformed by industrial and mercantile capitalism responded in a variety of ways: some chose to portray the “underside” of the city, some its expansive beauty, others its vast and disorienting scale. But what these different perspectives share is an assumption that one can comprehend and order the sprawling urban scene through a knowledge and experience predicated on sight; to “see” the city is, quite literally, to understand it.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document