Hardness

1984 ◽  
pp. 334-409
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Hardness Testing ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hardness Conversion

Abstract Hardness tests provide valuable information about the quality of materials and how they are likely to perform in different types of service. This chapter covers some of the most widely used hardness testing methods, including Vickers, Rockwell, and Brinell tests, Shore scleroscope and Equotip hardness tests, and microindentation tests. It describes the equipment and procedures used, discusses the factors that influence accuracy, and provides hardness conversion equations for different types of materials. It also explains how hardness testing sheds light on anisotropy, machinability, wear, fracture toughness, and tensile strength as well as temperature effects, residual stress, and quality control.

Residual stress, tensile strength, and macrostructure investigations on ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding of AA 6061-T6

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 494-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Alinaghian ◽  
Saeid Amini ◽  
Mohammad Honarpisheh
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Ultrasonic Power ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibrations ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Longitudinal Residual Stress ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted

In recent decades, ultrasonic vibrations are used in manufacturing processes because they can improve tool life, material performance, and quality. One of them which can be integrated with ultrasonic vibrations is friction stir welding called ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding. In previous studies, the effect of ultrasonic vibrations on the mechanical, metallurgical, and thermal properties was investigated and there is not any residual stress investigations on ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding. Since residual stress plays an important role in performance and stability of components, the influence of ultrasonic power on the longitudinal residual stress in friction stir welding is investigated in this work. In spite of residual stress, tensile strength and quality of weldment were investigated as complementary terms to ensure successful performance of ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding. The findings indicated that high-frequency vibrations with power of 200 W can reduce the maximum tensile residual stress about 45% and significantly increase tensile strength. Also, ultrasonic vibrations prevent defect such has voids and tunnel in weld zone due to peening effect in ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Types of Block Copolymers on Morphology, Mechanical Properties, and Fracture Mechanisms of Bisphenol-F Based Epoxy System

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bajpai ◽  
Wetzel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Fracture Energy ◽  
Plastic Zone Size ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
Epoxy System ◽  
Bisphenol F ◽  
Different Types

The effect of adding different types of soft block copolymer on the tensile properties, fracture mechanic properties, and thermo-mechanical properties of bisphenol F based epoxy resin were studied. Two different self-assembling block copolymers, (a) constituting of a center block of poly (butyl acrylate) and two side blocks of poly (methyl) methacrylate-co-polar co-monomer (BCP 1) and (b) poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(butylene oxide) (PEO-PBO) diblock copolymer (BCP 2), were used with an epoxy-hardener system. The maximum fracture toughness and fracture energy were measured as KIc = 2.75 MPa·m1/2 and GIc = 2.37 kJ/m2 for the 10 wt % of BCP 1 modified system, which were 366% and 2270% higher in comparison to reference epoxy system, and a 63% reduction in tensile strength was also observed. Similarly, for BCP2 modified systems, the maximum value of KIc = 1.65 MPa·m1/2 and GIc = 1.10 kJ/m2 was obtained for epoxy modified with 12 wt % of BCP2 and a reduction of 32% in tensile strength. The fracture toughness and fracture energy were co-related to the plastic zone size for all the modified systems. Finally, the analysis of the fracture surfaces revealed the toughening micro-mechanisms of the nanocomposites.

scholarly journals ANALISA VARIASI KUAT ARUS ELEKTRODA E6013 TERHADAP SAMBUNGAN LAS PADA PELAT BAJA UNTUK TABUNG GAS 3 KG

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-242
Author(s):  
Rosidi Rosidi ◽  
Budi Yuwono ◽  
Darius Yuhas
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Hardness Testing ◽  
Microstructure Characteristics ◽  
Maximum Tensile Strength ◽  
Hardness Curve ◽  
Test Result

The quality of the welding results is influenced by the qualified welder, the appropriate type of connection, the type of welding, and the electrode. Standard electrode AWS E 6013 with trademark Nikko Steel Welding Elektodes, NK 68 with φ 2.6 mm. The type of camp used is SNI standard 1452-2007 for 3 kg LPG tube. Specimens were subjected to tensile testing, impact toughness, hardness testing, curvature testing, microstructure with current variations of 50 A and 70 A of both types of electrodes used. Welding by SMAW method with circular welding at 3 kg of gas tube blank from JIS G 3116 SG 295 materials. From the test result will be known maximum tensile strength, impact toughness, hardness, curve strength, macro and microstructure. And by comparing the samples of SNI, non SNI and samples from both types of Nikko Steel and NK 68 electrodes, there are differences in mechanical and microstructure characteristics that will significantly affect the toughness of the welding results. 

The Hardness Test as a Means of Estimating the Tensile Strength of Metals

1942 ◽  
Vol 46 (380) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Aircraft Industry ◽  
Maximum Tensile Strength ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Aircraft Material

When J. A. Brinell, at the end of the last century, interested himself in the property hardness of metals, he could have had no idea of the importance to be attained later by the new line of investigation he was launching nor of the interesting machines and their applications for which his work was to provide the inspiration.In the aircraft industry this form of test is not solely used to determine the property hardness as such, but is used to give some idea of the maximum tensile strength of the material. This use is illustrated by some of the specifications controlling the quality of aircraft material, in which hardness tests are required on a specified percentage of bars to ensure that the bars which are riot tensile tested will give a maximum tensile strength of not less than the minimum nor greater than the maximum specification values.

ANALYZING CUSTOMER FEEDBACK FOR IMPROVED SERVICE QUALITY USING BINARY LOGISTICS REGRESSION MODEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (SI-1) ◽  
pp. 183-198
Author(s):  
Dr. Renu Jain ◽  
Dr. Neena Mital
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Customer Complaints ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
Customer Feedback ◽  
Logistics Regression ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Processing Mechanisms ◽  
Comprehensive Score

Analyzing customer feedback and management of complaint processing mechanisms has become a necessity for every firm to gain a competitive edge in business. The data reveals a lot of information about the customer and helps understanding how to improve the service quality in the firm. This can also be taken as an external method of quality control of the product through customer feedback. The present study has conducted a primary survey to validate how much does the customers’ feedback helps in improving the quality of processes and the product thereby. This survey is predominantly carried out on different types of companies situated in NCR of Delhi. Through the analysis, an attempt was made to get a comprehensive score representing the aspect of market customer complaints in these companies. 

scholarly journals Methanol in Grape Derived, Fruit and Honey Spirits: A Critical Review on Source, Quality Control, and Legal Limits

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1609
Author(s):  
Goreti Botelho ◽  
Ofélia Anjos ◽  
Letícia M. Estevinho ◽  
Ilda Caldeira
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Legal Limits ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Spirits are alcoholic beverages commonly consumed in European countries. Their raw materials are diverse and include fruits, cereals, honey, sugar cane, or grape pomace. The main aim of this work is to present and discuss the source, quality control, and legal limits of methanol in spirits produced using fruit and honey spirits. The impact of the raw material, alcoholic fermentation, and the distillation process and aging process on the characteristics and quality of the final distilled beverage are discussed. In addition, a critical view of the legal aspects related to the volatile composition of these distillates, the origin and presence of methanol, and the techniques used for quantification are also described. The methanol levels found in the different types of spirits are those expected based on the specific raw materials of each and, almost in all studies, respect the legal limits.

scholarly journals Analysis of Spanish Radiometric Networks with the Novel Bias-Based Quality Control (BQC) Method

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Urraca ◽  
Javier Antonanzas ◽  
Andres Sanz-Garcia ◽  
Francisco Javier Martinez-de-Pison
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Radiation Measurements ◽  
Low Magnitude

Different types of measuring errors can increase the uncertainty of solar radiation measurements, but most common quality control (QC) methods do not detect frequent defects such as shading or calibration errors due to their low magnitude. We recently presented a new procedure, the Bias-based Quality Control (BQC), that detects low-magnitude defects by analyzing the stability of the deviations between several independent radiation databases and measurements. In this study, we extend the validation of the BQC by analyzing the quality of all publicly available Spanish radiometric networks measuring global horizontal irradiance (9 networks, 732 stations). Similarly to our previous validation, the BQC found many defects such as shading, soiling, or calibration issues not detected by classical QC methods. The results questioned the quality of SIAR, Euskalmet, MeteoGalica, and SOS Rioja, as all of them presented defects in more than 40% of their stations. Those studies based on these networks should be interpreted cautiously. In contrast, the number of defects was below a 5% in BSRN, AEMET, MeteoNavarra, Meteocat, and SIAR Rioja, though the presence of defects in networks such as AEMET highlights the importance of QC even when using a priori reliable stations.

scholarly journals The Physicochemical Quality of Traditional Burduf Cheese

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Carmen Pop ◽  
Cristina Anamaria Semeniuc ◽  
Sorin Apostu ◽  
Ancuţa Mihaela Rotar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physicochemical Quality ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Sheep Milk ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Types

The aim of this study is the assessmentof the quality control of raw milk and traditional burduf cheese obtained fromcow milk mixed with 10% sheep milk. Appreciation of the integrity and freshness assessmentof milk (cow and sheep) was tested by physico-chemical analysis.On theshelf-live were determined the physico-chemical parameters in cheese samples. Theantibiotics residues were tested of the milk samples with portable analyser,model Rosa Charm Reader. Theresults of physico-chemical determinations for the milk and cheese samples werewithin the maximum permissible by data legislation. Regardingthe content of antibiotics, the results were negative both for cow milk and forsheep milk. The sensorycharacteristics of burduf cheese are influenced by the different types of milk.

Development and Application of Quality Control System for Highway Subgrade Construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
System Development ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
The Road ◽  
Whole Process

The compaction quality of the subgrade is directly related to the service life of the road. Effective control of the subgrade construction process is the key to ensuring the compaction quality of the subgrade. Therefore, real-time, comprehensive, rapid and accurate prediction of construction compaction quality through informatization detection method is an important guarantee for speeding up construction progress and ensuring subgrade compaction quality. Based on the function of the system, this paper puts forward the principle of system development and the development mode used in system development, and displays the development system in real-time to achieve the whole process control of subgrade construction quality.

Construction Control As A Strategy For Improving The Quality Of Buildings And Structures

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Construction Control ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Construction Market ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Required Quality

In construction production, the safety of constructing buildings and structures is achieved by ensuring the required quality as a result of systematic construction control based on the implementation of a complex of technical, economic and organizational measures at all stages of the object's life cycle. The article deals with the actual problem of improving the quality of construction products-buildings and structures in conjunction with the activities of construction control bodies. The article presents the advanced foreign and domestic experience of ensuring the quality control at the construction sites, providing for the prevention of the underlying causes of defects and increasing the interest of the contractors directly. On the basis of the analysis of the current situation with quality control at the construction market, ways to improve its efficiency by developing a unified system of technological implementation of relevant requirements for the quality of construction products, determining the rational number and business load of construction control engineers, as well as the active activities of self-regulatory organizations in this area are offered.

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