A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA FORMAÇÃO BARREIRAS COMO FONTE DOS SEDIMENTOS DOS MANGUEZAIS E DE FUNDO DO RIO MARAPANIM NA REGIÃO DE MARAPANIM (PA) COM BASE NA ASSINATURA DE MINERAIS PESADOS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2021) (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Josiane SANTOS ◽  
◽  
Marcondes COSTA ◽  
José Francisco SILVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Analytical Instruments ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
External Contribution ◽  
Granulometric Fraction ◽  
Quantitative Chemical

The techniques of investigation of heavy minerals using new analytical instruments were used to evaluate the contribution of the Barreiras Formation sediments as source material of the sediments of the Marapanim River estuary, in the northeast of Pará: bottom sediments and muddy plains (mangroves, mainly). The most suitable granulometric fraction is very fine sand, where they stood out in decreasing order of abundance: zircon, tourmaline, staurolite, kyanite and rutile, besides sillimanite, andalusite and amphibole. The frequency of these minerals, morphological aspects, inclusions, cavities, fractures indicate that the Barreiras Formation is the main source of these minerals. However, the semi-quantitative chemical data show that there seems to be an external contribution, perhaps from the sediments of the continental platform.

scholarly journals SEDIMENT FRACTIONS AND ORGANIC MATERIALS IN THE DUMAI RIVER ESTUARY WATERS, RIAU, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Syahril Nedi ◽  
Yolanda Manik ◽  
Elizal Elizal
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Chemical Factor ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Sediment Fraction ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Negative Difference

The purpose of this researched was to analize the consistency of organic material and sediment fraction on estuary in dumai river. The research was with purposive sampling on four stutions. The analysis of sediment fraction in estuary in dumai river had been dominated by mud substract. The result mean size wened very fine sand, of consistency organic material is ranging 7,37 - 24,01 mg/l. The result sorting value wered poorly kurtosis value were ektremly leptokurtic, and skewness dominant value were negative. Difference of fine grafain and type of sediment on estuary in Dumai River had effect by physics and chemical factor.

scholarly journals Landscape Dynamics in the Caspian Lowlands Since the Last Deglaciation Reconstructed From the Pedosedimentary Sequence of Srednaya Akhtuba, Southern Russia

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Lebedeva ◽  
Alexander Makeev ◽  
Alexey Rusakov ◽  
Tatiana Romanis ◽  
Tamara Yanina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Aeolian Transport ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Buried Soil ◽  
The Last Deglaciation

Surface Kastanozem of the Lower Volga area was first studied as a part of the pedocomplex, with the lower part (148–160 cm) formed in Early Khvalynian Chocolate clays (13–15 ka), the middle part (100–148 cm) in a mixed clay-loess sediment sand, and the upper part (0–100 cm) in loess. This resulted from local aeolian transport, with the source material derived from the rewinding of marine sediments. They are enriched in aggregates of Chocolate clays and glauconitic grains of a fine sand-course silt size and have similar contents of clay minerals. The high salinity of similar types evidences marine genesis for both Chocolate clays and source material for loess sediments. Clay fragments of a sand and silt size are responsible for the heavy texture and high gypsum content of loess. The study of soils with the focus on micromorphology and clay mineralogy allows the identification of the complex character of a shift from marine to sub-areal sedimentation. This shift was accompanied by short breaks in sedimentation, allowing the development of synlithogenic soil horizons of Late Khvalynian, after-Khvanynian, and Boreal time. The features of shallowly buried soil horizons confirm increased aridity after the last deglaciation. Surface Calcic Kastanozem is a full Holocene soil reflecting the present environment. However, it is deeply influenced by shallow buried soil horizons and Chocolate clays.

The Nakdong Estuary Barrage and Land Reclamation Project

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Ke Ho ◽  
G van Houweninge
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Nakdong River ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Nakdong River Basin ◽  
Reclamation Project ◽  
The Nakdong River ◽  
The City

As a result of the increasing industrial, municipal and agricultural water demand in the Nakdong River Basin, the available amount of fresh river water to repulse salinity intrusion into the lower reaches of the river rapidly decreases during the dry season. Hence the continuity of fresh water supply to the city of Busan, is endangered. The most appropriate solution, both technically and economically is a barrage and enclosure dam in the river estuary. A study was carried out on the interaction between the barrage construction and the estuary and river environment. This study comprised ecological, water quality and morphological aspects. The results were incorporated into the technical design and proposed management of the barrage. This approach resulted in a solution, where the primary objective of the barrage, salinity repulsion, was achieved with a minimised impact on the environment.

The Liquefaction Risk Analysis of Fine Sand Filling Subgrade

2011 ◽  
Vol 138-139 ◽  
pp. 668-672
Author(s):  
Hai Xia Zhang ◽  
Yu Feng Bai ◽  
Yue Jing Lv
Keyword(s):  
Soft Soil ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
High Water ◽  
Bridge Engineering ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Single Structure ◽  
Earthquake Load ◽  
Environment Experiment

It is signality for the Yangtse River estuary fine sand filling the highway subgrade which accounting for the lacking of filler and protecting along the line environment. Experiment results indicate that the sand has high strength, low compressibility, and good water stability. But the fine sand has some characteristics as grain uniformity, badness gradation, single structure, and the fine grain, and the fine sand filling subgrade is built on the soft soil foundation with high water table, so it is hidden troubles for the fine sand filling subgrade extending and application whether it can liquefy under the tempestuous earthquake load. The paper establish the liquefaction condition, carry through the liquefaction experiments and analysis the subgrade liquefaction risk relying on the Chong Ming connection engineering of Changjiang tunnel and bridge engineering. The analysis results indicate that the yangtse river estrary fine sand cannot liquefy with 7 class earthquake load, and it has no liequefaction conditions. So the subgrade has low liquefaction risk, and can be widely application.

scholarly journals Evolution of sedimentation in the Vistula Lagoon of the Baltic Sea due to anthropogenic impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (33) ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Chechko
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Vistula Lagoon ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Vistula Lagoon

The work pursued basic objectives: to study the structure of the sedimentary strata, identify the sediment units corresponding to specific sedimentation stages of the late Holocene and evaluate the factors that influenced their formation in the Vistula Lagoon. For the achievement of the goals, well-known methods were used. The thickness of the silt deposits was measured by a hand drill. The grain size analysis of bottom sediments was determined by the mass content of particles of various sizes as a percentage of the test sample mass. The content of the total amount of organic matter in the bottom sediments and the mass loss during calcination was determined by the weight method, the determination of the mineral vivianite was carried out by standard methods accepted in geology. The Research results showed that in the lower part of the cores, organic-rich silts of olive shades are common, formed under the influence of river runoff. The sediment composition in the upper part of the cores is sharply different due to an anthropogenic factor – artificial river runoff regulation. Instead of silty sediments, the lagoon accumulated poorly consolidated, dark gray fine sand and siltstone sediments with small organic matter.

scholarly journals Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Bottom Sediments of the River – Sea Mixing Zone on the Example of the River Chernaya and the Sevastopol Bay (the Black Sea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Soloveva ◽  
E. A. Tikhonova ◽  
O. A. Mironov ◽  
T. O. Barabashin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contact Zone ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Performance ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Purpose. The study is aimed at determining concentrations of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and at revealing their pattern distribution in the bottom sediments of the "river – sea" contact zone on the example of the Sevastopol Bay and the river Chernaya. Methods and Results. Granulometric composition of the bottom sediments was determined by the decantation and dispersion method. Identification and quantitative determination of PAHs were carried out by the high performance liquid chromatography method. The total PAHs content in the bottom sediments of the area under study varied from 12 to 670 ng/g of dry weight. The pollutant content was minimum in the river site beyond the geochemical barrier. In the area where the river Chernaya flows into the Sevastopol Bay, the PAHs content was 121 ng/g. The highest PAHs content was revealed in the Sevastopol Bay bottom sediments, more precisely, in 1.5 km southwest of the river Chernaya flowing into the bay. 14 PAHs were identified in the estuary zone of the river, 4 of them (naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, fluorene, anthracene) were in the trace amounts. The maximum concentration (99%) of silty material was observed in the Sevastopol Bay water area. The silt fractions were distributed as follows: 20% – aleuritic-pelite fraction, 79% – pelitic-aleurite fraction. Directly in the area of the river inflow into the bay, accumulation of the sand fraction (7%) and the maximum portion of pelitic silts were noted. Conclusions. The recorded values of PAHs corresponded to the natural non-toxic levels. PAHs identified in the bottom sediments of the river estuary zone are of the mixed, predominantly petrogenic origin. The obtained data show that in the conditions of the "river – sea" contact zone, the PAHs accumulation in general and their individual fractions were governed mainly by presence of silt in the bottom sediments.

scholarly journals Provenance of heavy and clay minerals in bottom sediments of Green Lake, an Amazonian fluvial lake in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
Anderson C. MENDES ◽  
Ângela B. DANTAS ◽  
Anne Caroline S. RIBEIRO ◽  
Livaldo O. SANTOS ◽  
Kamilla C. MENDES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Sediment Production ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Green Lake ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Production And Distribution

ABSTRACT Studies on provenance of minerals in Amazonian rivers focus mostly on suspended sediments, while processes that control bottom-sediment production and distribution are still little known. We determined the provenance of the bottom sediments of Green Lake, a micro-basin draining into the Tapajós River, in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. We used X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and, cathodoluminescence techniques to analyze clay, light and heavy minerals of 22 samples. The lake is L-shaped, with 5.5 m maximum depth, and predominance of mud over sand in the center. Quartz and feldspar were dominant in the light fraction, while zircon, tourmaline, kyanite, rutile, and staurolite were dominant in the heavy fraction. The clay fraction was dominated by kaolinite, with morphology and degree of crystallinity indicative of a detrital origin related to weathering. The Alter do Chão Formation (ACF) is suggested as the main source of sand sediments and heavy minerals, due to their mineralogical and percentage similarity. The provenance of kaolinite was mainly the ACF, with a minor contribution of the Amazon and Tapajós rivers. The primary origin of the heavy minerals in the ACF indicates the basement of the Amazonas Basin as source rock and this formation as a source of sediments for Green Lake through weathering and erosion processes under current tropical conditions. The presence of Aulacoseira granulata and Aulacoseira ambigua indicates the importance of current erosive processes on sediment production.

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