scholarly journals Rozwój przepisów prawnych w zakresie bioindykacji środowiskowej a stan jakości wód jeziorowych

2019 ◽  
pp. 375-393
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Zębek ◽  
Agnieszka Napiórkowska-Krzebietke
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Status ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Law ◽  
Priority Substances ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Chemical Status ◽  
The Status ◽  
Good Ecological Status

This article shows the genesis of legal regulations in the range of environmental bioindication in national legislation as a result of the implementation of EU solutions. The most important legal act in EU is the FrameworkWater Directive while the Water Law of 2017 in Poland. The main purposeof these legal acts is to maintain a good status, especially ecological status orpotential of water bodies based on bioindication. Changes in this area contributed to detailing and standardizing of the biological indicators of waters,which allow for a more detailed examination of the status of waters and defning the directions of their protection. The assessment of water quality inWarmian-Mazurian Voivodship indicates that approximately 30% of the lakes studied in 2010–2017, had at least good ecological status or potential. In70% of the lakes, primarily phytoplankton (the most sensitive bioindicator)decided on lowering to below good ecological status/potential. Recently, thefnal assessment of the status (ecological plus chemical) of water bodies hasbeen more rigorous due to chemical status based on exceeded content of priority substances in fsh (i.e. in another important bioindicator)

scholarly journals Influence of Anthropogenic Loads on Surface Water Status: A Case Study in Lithuania

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4341
Author(s):  
Laima Česonienė ◽  
Daiva Šileikienė ◽  
Vitas Marozas ◽  
Laura Čiteikė
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Agricultural Pollution ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
Water Catchment ◽  
Lake Basins

Twenty-six water bodies and 10 ponds were selected for this research. Anthropogenic loads were assessed according to pollution sources in individual water catchment basins. It was determined that 50% of the tested water bodies had Ntotal values that did not correspond to the good and very good ecological status classes, and 20% of the tested water bodies had Ptotal values that did not correspond to the good and very good ecological status classes. The lake basins and ponds received the largest amounts of pollution from agricultural sources with total nitrogen at 1554.13 t/year and phosphorus at 1.94 t/year, and from meadows and pastures with total nitrogen at 9.50 t/year and phosphorus at 0.20 t/year. The highest annual load of total nitrogen for lake basins on average per year was from agricultural pollution from arable land (98.85%), and the highest total phosphorus load was also from agricultural pollution from arable land (60%).

Hurdles for implementation of constructed wetlands as Nature-based Solutions in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Andrés García Murcia ◽  
Fernando Jaramillo ◽  
Sofia Wikström
Keyword(s):  
Water Framework Directive ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Status ◽  
Natural Wetlands ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
Background Context

<p>Eutrophication in the Baltic Sea has been one of the major environmental issues during the last century partly due to extensive land-use change, loss of natural retention systems, and insufficient management. European legislation such as the Water Framework Directive (WFD) attempts to guide the recovery of good ecological status from freshwater to the sea, and suggests wetlands as ecosystems that can potentially contribute to achieving this goal. Wetlands are considered remarkable Nature-based Solutions (NbS) for improving water quality by diminishing the nutrient loads. This study aims to set a background context of the WFD implementation in Sweden, determine the status of constructed wetlands, and evaluate the stakeholders’ perspectives to identify the main administrative hurdles of wetland implementation in Sweden. For this purpose, we conducted a narrative review, database analysis, and semi-structured interviews with members of the institutions involved in water management. Our results show that it is essential to find synergies among the WFD and other directives to expand cross-sectoral cooperation, implement adjustments on the funding scheme that includes restoration and maintenance of natural wetlands, and increase compensation periods and cost ceiling. Likewise, it is crucial to perform significant improvements in the monitoring system, including more frequent data collection, as well as exploring new strategies to capture landowners’ interest in the implementation of NbS, such as the Catchment Officers program. Finally, we suggest paludiculture as a promising farming practice to increase proprietors’ attention on novel market alternatives, and in turn, to provide benefits for climate, water, and biodiversity.</p><p><strong>Keywords </strong>Wetlands management · Water Framework Directive · Nature-based Solutions · Eutrophication · Semi-structured interviews · Sweden</p>

Disentangling the multiple stressors acting on stream ecosystems to support restoration priorities

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Azzellino ◽  
S. Canobbio ◽  
S. Çervigen ◽  
V. Marchesi ◽  
A. Piana
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Stream Ecosystems ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
The Status ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
Economic Considerations ◽  
The Eu

Stream ecosystems may suffer from the effects of multiple stressors. Planning restoration actions without knowing the relative weight of each stressor might lead to disproportionately costly or ecologically meaningless measures. This is particularly relevant under the EU Water Framework Directive where economic considerations play a role in justifying exemptions from the overarching aim of the directive of achieving the good ecological status in all the EU water bodies by 2015. In this study, we correlated the status of macroinvertebrate assemblages with many environmental variables at 120 monitoring stations (surveyed in 2009–2011) in the streams of Lombardy, Italy. We used a combination of regression techniques to disentangle the effects of the different stressors. Furthermore, different profiles of ecological quality were associated with the dominant stressors. Finally, examples are given about how these study findings provide elements to identify restoration scenarios that maximize the effectiveness/cost ratio.

A machine learning model to link ecological response and anthropogenic stressors: a tool for water management in the Tagus River Basin (Spain)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlotta Valerio ◽  
Alberto Garrido ◽  
Gonzalo Martinez-Muñoz ◽  
Lucia De Stefano
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
Tagus River ◽  
Good Ecological Status

<p>Freshwater ecosystems are threatened by multiple anthropic pressures. Understanding the effect of pressures on the ecological status is essential for the design of effective policy measures but can be challenging from a methodological point of view. In this study we propose to capture these complex relations by means of a machine learning model that predicts the ecological response of surface water bodies to several anthropic stressors. The model was applied to the Spanish stretch of the Tagus River Basin. The performance of two machine learning algorithms -Random Forest (RF) and Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) - was compared. The response variables in the model were the biotic quality indices of macroinvertebrates (Iberian Biomonitoring Working Party) and diatoms (Indice de Polluosensibilité Spécifique). The stressors used as explanatory variables belong to the following categories: physicochemical water quality, land use, alteration of the hydrological regime and hydromorphological degradation. Variables describing the natural environmental variability were also included. According to the coefficient of determination, the root mean square error and the mean absolute error, the RF algorithm has the best explanatory power for both biotic indices. The categories of land cover in the upstream catchment area, the nutrient concentrations and the elevation of the water body are ranked as the main features at play in determining the quality of biological communities. Among the hydromorphological elements, the alteration of the riparian forest (expressed by the Riparian Forest Quality Index) is the most relevant feature, while the hydrological alteration does not seem to influence significantly the value of the biotic indices. Our model was used to identify potential policy measures aimed at improving the biological quality of surface water bodies in the most critical areas of the basin. Specifically, the biotic quality indices were modelled imposing the maximum concentration of nutrients that the Spanish legislation prescribes to ensure a good ecological status. According to our model, the nutrient thresholds set by the Spanish legislation are insufficient to ensure values of biological indicators consistent with the good ecological status in the entire basin. We tested several scenarios of more restrictive nutrient concentrations and values of hydromorphological quality to explore the conditions required to achieve the good ecological status. The predicted percentage of water bodies in good status increases when a high  Riparian Forest Quality Index is set, confirming the importance of combining physico-chemical and hydromorphological improvements in order to ameliorate the status of freshwater ecosystems. </p>

scholarly journals Characteristics of water level fluctuations in Polish lakes – a review of the literature / Charakterystyka wahań poziomu wody w jeziorach polskich – przegląd piśmiennictwa

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kutyła
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Natural Feature ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Water level fluctuations (WLF) in lakes are a natural feature that can be modified by human activities. The article presents a review of literature on the water level fluctuation in Polish lakes, their amplitude, periodicity and trends. WLF controlled by natural conditions and also those induced by human activity were considered. Although anthropogenic water level fluctuations in most Polish lakes seem to fall within the range of natural fluctuations, in some cases economic activities (e.g. the use of lakes for energy generation purposes) can lead to strong disturbances of the hydrological regime, causing an ecological instability that makes it impossible to maintain/achieve good ecological status. This, in turn, makes it necessary to define good ecological potential, being an environmental objective for such water bodies, which is less rigorous compared with good ecological status. The article indicates the need to expand the methods for the assessment of lakes in the country with new biological indicators to assess, in accordance with the Water Framework Directive requirements, the impact of hydrological alterations on biota

scholarly journals Application of Macrophytes to the Assessment and Classification of Ecological Status above and below the Barrage with Hydroelectric Buildings

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Tomczyk ◽  
Mirosław Wiatkowski ◽  
Łukasz Gruss
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Status ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trophic Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Reference Index ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
Reference Section

The key goal of the Water Framework Directive is to achieve a good ecological status in water bodies. The ecological status is mainly determined by the biological elements, which are a very good indicator of the changes taking place in water environments. Thus, this article focuses on the analysis of different methods of assessment of the ecological status of water bodies based on macrophytes used in selected countries in the European Union (the Macrophyte Index for Rivers (MMOR)—Poland; the Mean Trophic Rank (MTR)—Ireland; the Trophic Index of Macrophytes (TIM)—Bavaria, Germany; the Bulgarian Reference Index of Macrophytes (RI-BG)—Bulgaria). Three research sections have been selected for research on the river Ślęza: The reference section, the section above the barrage and the section below the barrage. The analysis carried out revealed considerable similarity between the results obtained by all these methods—the differences were at most by one class of ecological status (and the analysis of sums of Wilcoxon’s ranks revealed that there were no differences between the results obtained using different methods, i.e., p = 0.860). With respect to surface waters, investigation of biological elements is important because it allows one to retrace the past and foresee the future based on the past and present trends in the changes occurring in the species diversity and structure of not only macrophytes, but also other groups of organisms. Further action is required that would determine the scope of influence of barrages with hydroelectric buildings on the environment (in the case of the investigated barrage this influence is negative).

Influence of Anthropogenic Load in River Basins on River Water Status: A Case Study in Lithuania

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1312
Author(s):  
Laima Česonienė ◽  
Daiva Šileikienė ◽  
Midona Dapkienė
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Agricultural Pollution ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
The Impact

Twenty-four rivers in different parts of Lithuania were selected for the study. The aim of the research was to evaluate the impact of anthropogenic load on the ecological status of rivers. Anthropogenic loads were assessed according to the pollution sources in individual river catchment basins. The total nitrogen (TN) values did not correspond to the “good” and “very good” ecological status classes in 51% of the tested water bodies; 19% had a “bad” to “moderate” BOD7, 50% had “bad” to “moderate” NH4-N, 37% had “bad” to “moderate” NO3-N, and 4% had “bad” to “moderate” PO4-P. The total phosphorus (TP) values did not correspond to the “good” and “very good” ecological status classes in 4% of the tested water bodies. The largest amounts of pollution in river basins were generated from the following sources: transit pollution, with 87,599 t/year of total nitrogen and 5020 t/year of total phosphorus; agricultural pollution, with 56,031 t/year of total nitrogen and 2474 t/year of total phosphorus. The highest total nitrogen load in river basins per year, on average, was from transit pollution, accounting for 53.89%, and agricultural pollution, accounting for 34.47%. The highest total phosphorus load was also from transit pollution, totaling 58.78%, and agricultural pollution, totaling 28.97%. Multiple regression analysis showed the agricultural activity had the biggest negative influence on the ecological status of rivers according to all studied indicators.

Assessing disproportionate costs to achieve good ecological status of water bodies in a Mediterranean river basin

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2091 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Molinos-Senante ◽  
Francesc Hernández-Sancho ◽  
Ramón Sala-Garrido
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Mediterranean River ◽  
Good Ecological Status

scholarly journals Biological, Chemical, and Ecotoxicological Assessments Using Benthos Provide Different and Complementary Measures of Lake Ecological Status

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Bettinetti ◽  
Silvia Zaupa ◽  
Diego Fontaneto ◽  
Angela Boggero
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Ecotoxicological Tests ◽  
Sediment Quality Assessment ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
Continental Water Bodies

The Water Framework Directive (WFD) aims to monitor continental water bodies in Europe to achieve good ecological status. Indexes based on biological quality elements (BQEs), ecotoxicological tests, and chemical characterizations are commonly used with standardized protocols to assess sediment quality and the associated risks. Here, we compare the results of quality assessment of benthic macroinvertebrates as BQEs as required by the WFD with the results of ecotoxicological tests and assessment of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in sediments of the same eight water bodies in Italy. The aim was to verify if the assessment of quality through macroinvertebrates through POPs analyses and ecotoxicological tools can yield comparable, overlapping, or complementary results. We used the Benthic Quality Index (BQIES) for macroinvertebrates (two different applications), legacy POPs (dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane and metabolites (DDTs) and polychlorinated-biphenyls (PCBs)), and the emergence ratio (ER) and development rate (DR) for ecotoxicology. The results showed that the two indices within each approach were highly correlated, but between approaches, each result can lead to a completely different scenario, with rather different results of the assessment of ecosystem quality. The most striking result was that very few significant correlations existed between sediment quality assessment through macroinvertebrates and the risk assessment through analyses of micropollutants and ecotoxicological tests. The highest absolute r-value (0.81) was for the correlation between the BQIESbottom index and PCBs for micropollutants, whereas all other pairwise comparisons between indices had r-values ranging between 0.07 and 0.53. Our analysis calls for a caveat in the blind application of one or only a few indices of water/sediment quality, as the results of a single index may not represent the complexity of a freshwater ecosystem.

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