Acute intracranial hypertension and auditory brain-stem responses

1979 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 846-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seigo Nagao ◽  
Peter Roccaforte ◽  
Robert A. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Inferior Colliculus ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transtentorial Herniation ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem Responses ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Marked Suppression

✓ Movement of the upper brain stem (inferior colliculus) was correlated with the alterations in the amplitude of wave V of the auditory brain-stem responses (BER's) during supratentorial brain compression in cats. In vivo observation of the brain stem and postmortem inspection show that suppression of the amplitude of BER wave V reflects the extent of caudal displacement of the inferior colliculus. Marked suppression of the amplitude of BER wave V (approximately 30% of control) correlates with the beginning of transtentorial herniation, and complete suppression of the wave V indicates complete transtentorial herniation of the brain-stem and supratentorial structures. The BER wave V is thought to be a sensitive index of caudal movement of the upper brain stem due to transtentorial herniation.

Acute intracranial hypertension and auditory brain-stem responses

1979 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seigo Nagao ◽  
Peter Roccaforte ◽  
Robert A. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Auditory Pathways ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transtentorial Herniation ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem Responses ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem

✓ Changes in auditory brain-stem responses (BER's) and somatosensory evoked responses (SER's) were investigated to correlate mass volume, intracranial pressure, and neurological dysfunction in mass-induced intracranial hypertension in cats. As the intracranial pressure was raised by expansion of a supratentorial balloon, the late components of the SER's were suppressed first, followed by the early components of the SER's, then Wave V and Wave IV of the BER's, in that order. This suggests that the nonspecific reticular projections are most vulnerable to compression ischemia, and the specific somatosensory pathways are the next most vulnerable. Neural activity of the auditory pathways in the upper brain stem was also gradually suppressed, but less so than that of the somatosensory pathways. After complete transtentorial herniation, in spite of immediate mass evacuation, the function of the somatosensory pathways was greatly impaired, often irreversibly. The neural activity of the auditory pathways in the upper brain stem revealed progressive recovery during a 3-hour period. The measurements of BER Wave V is thought to be useful in predicting transtentorial herniation.

Acute intracranial hypertension and auditory brain-stem responses

1980 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seigo Nagao ◽  
Peter Roccaforte ◽  
Robert A. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Systemic Blood Pressure ◽  
Postmortem Brain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transtentorial Herniation ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem Responses ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
Lower Brain Stem

✓ The auditory brain-stem responses (BER's), infratentorial intracranial pressure (ICP), systemic blood pressure (BP), and heart rate were recorded before, during and after expansion of an infratentorial epidural mass in anesthetized cats. Two types of BER's to increasing posterior fossa pressure were noted. In Type 1, there was predominantly suppression of the electrical activity of the auditory nuclei of the upper brain stem (Waves V and IV) and upward transtentorial herniation of the midbrain. In Type 2, the neural activity of the lower brain-stem nuclei (Waves III and II) was affected as well as that of the upper brain stem. There was upward and foraminal impaction of the brain stem and cerebellum which was confirmed by the postmortem brain sections. The change in the amplitudes of BER Waves V and III proved useful in detecting upward transtentorial herniation of the midbrain and foraminal herniation of the cerebellum in acute expanding lesions of the posterior fossa. Medullary paralysis was also detected by observing Wave III.

scholarly journals Comparison of Auditory Brain Stem Responses and Otoacoustic Emission of Autism with Healthy Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1937
Author(s):  
Seyed Gholamreza Noorazar ◽  
Yalda Jabbari Moghaddam ◽  
Rasul Kharzaee ◽  
Mojtaba Sohrabpour
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem Responses ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
The Brain

Background: Autism is a neurodevelopment disorder, including difficulty in establishing relationships and social interaction, difficulty in communication, performing restricted, and repetitive behaviors. The impaired reception and integration of sensory information especially auditory data are one of the main characteristics of children with autism.  According to various studies, the brain stem plays a key role in the reception and integration of auditory and sensory data. Hence, this study aims to comparison auditory brain stem responses (ABR) and otoacoustic emission (OAE) of autism patients with healthy children. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was performed on 20 autism children (4-8 years old) as case group who referred to psychiatry clinics affiliated with Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and 20 healthy age-matched as the control group. The severity of autism was evaluated by the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS). Also, ABR and OAE were recorded, and all data compared with the healthy children. Results: The latencies between the waves III-V and I-V bilaterally, and wave V bilaterally and wave I in the left ear showed a significant increase in children with autism compared to the healthy group. Conclusion: This study shows that there was a reduced nerve conduction velocity in the auditory pathway of the brain stem in children with autism compared to healthy children. [GMJ.2020;9:e1937]

An in vivo investigation of inferior colliculus single neuron responses to cochlear nucleus pulse train stimulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 2999-3008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan J. Mauger ◽  
Mohit N. Shivdasani ◽  
Graeme D. Rathbone ◽  
Antonio G. Paolini
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Inferior Colliculus ◽  
Cochlear Nucleus ◽  
Acoustic Stimulation ◽  
Neural Firing ◽  
Response Properties ◽  
Stimulus Rate ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem

The auditory brain stem implant (ABI) is being used clinically to restore hearing to patients unable to benefit from a cochlear implant (CI). Speech perception outcomes for ABI users are typically poor compared with most CI users. The ABI is implanted either on the surface of or penetrating through the cochlear nucleus in the auditory brain stem and uses stimulation strategies developed for auditory nerve stimulation with a CI. Although the stimulus rate may affect speech perception outcomes with current stimulation strategies, no studies have systematically investigated the effect of stimulus rate electrophysiologically or clinically. We therefore investigated rate response properties and temporal response properties of single inferior colliculus (IC) neurons from penetrating ABI stimulation using stimulus rates ranging from 100 to 1,600 pulses/s in the rat. We found that the stimulus rate affected the proportion of response types, thresholds, and dynamic ranges of IC activation. The stimulus rate was also found to affect the temporal properties of IC responses, with higher rates providing more temporally similar responses to acoustic stimulation. Suppression of neural firing and inhibition in IC neurons was also found, with response properties varying with the stimulus rate. This study demonstrated that changes in the ABI stimulus rate results in significant differences in IC neuron response properties. Due to electrophysiological differences, the stimulus rate may also change perceptual properties. We suggest that clinical evaluation of the ABI stimulus rate should be performed.

Electrophysiological Findings in Two Bilateral Cochlear Implant Cases: Does the Duration of Deafness Affect Electrically Evoked Auditory Brain Stem Responses?

2002 ◽  
Vol 111 (11) ◽  
pp. 1008-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Thai-Van ◽  
Stéphane Gallego ◽  
Evelyne Veuillet ◽  
Eric Truy ◽  
Lionel Collet
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electrode Arrays ◽  
Speech Processor ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem Responses ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
Neural Transmission

Bilateral cochlear implantation provides an interesting model for in vivo study of the effect of long-term profound deafness on neural transmission. We present electrophysiological observations on 2 patients implanted with the MXM Binaural Digisonic Convex system. This uncommon design consists of 2 electrode arrays placed bilaterally into the scala tympani and controlled by a single speech processor. In both patients, the duration of deafness before cochlear implantation clearly differed from one ear to the other. Electrically evoked auditory brain stem responses (EABRs) were measured and the EABRs from the ear with the longer deafness duration showed a lengthening of wave V latency. In 1 patient, recordings from this ear also showed a lack of reproducibility of wave III. The data suggest that neural responsiveness in the peripheral and intermediate auditory pathways is adversely affected by deafness duration. Poor EABRs on one ear possibly result from the total duration of deafness in this ear and/or compensation by the other ear.

scholarly journals Auditory Brain Stem Responses in Encephalitis of the Brain Stem

1981 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-181
Author(s):  
M. Ishida ◽  
J. Yano ◽  
S. Hosokawa ◽  
A. Igarashi ◽  
T. Shiraishi
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem Responses ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
The Brain

Serial observations of brain stem function by auditory brain stem responses in central transtentorial herniation

1982 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seigo Nagao ◽  
Norio Sunami ◽  
Takumi Tsutsui ◽  
Yutaka Honma ◽  
Akihiro Doi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Transtentorial Herniation ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem Responses ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem

Abnormal Auditory Brain-stem Responses in Hallucinating Schizophrenic Patients

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Lindstrom ◽  
I. Klockhoff ◽  
A. Svedberg ◽  
K. Bergstrom
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Auditory Hallucinations ◽  
Neuroleptic Treatment ◽  
Auditory Pathways ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem Responses ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Stem Response ◽  
Psychopathology Of Schizophrenia

Abnormal auditory brain-stem responses (ABRs) were recorded in 10 out of 20 schizophrenic in-patients. The response abnormalities did not show any correlation to the degree of psychopathology, sub-group of schizophrenia, age, sex, or cerebral ventricular enlargement. Nor was there any correlation to previous neuroleptic treatment: a pathological ABR was recorded in 5 of the 8 patients who had never received such medication. A statistically significant relationship was found between ABR pathology and auditory hallucinations: 9 of the 11 patients who admitted having hallucinations exhibited brain-stem response abnormality, whereas ABR abnormality was recorded in only 1 of the 9 patients who denied having hallucinations. The data imply that brain-stem dysfunction is involved in the psychopathology of schizophrenia, and that interference with the auditory pathways in the brain-stem may induce auditory hallucinations in schizophrenic patients.

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