scholarly journals FTIR- SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DZHAKSY-KLYCH DEPOSIT SALTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (443) ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Bishimbayev Valikhan Kozykeyevich, ◽  
◽  
Nowak Izabela, ◽  
Issayeva Akmaral Umurbekovna, ◽  
Leska Boguslawa, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Spectroscopic Characteristics ◽  
Salt Deposits ◽  
Composition Of Minerals ◽  
Additional Formation

Kazakhstan is a country with an arid climate, where a number of salt lakes are located, where industrial production of edible salt is carried out. Due to the increase in the volume of salt production for export needs and the possibility of expanding the scope of its use for medical and cosmetic purposes, new layers and deposits of salt are being developed. The purpose of this study was to refine the characteristics of Dzhaksy-Klych Deposit salts using FTIR spectroscopy. The objects of the study were samples of salt-containing raw materials selected from different sites of Dzhaksy-Klych Deposit. Based on the conducted research, it can be predicted that when the Aral sea turns into a chloride salt lake, the main sediment will be sodium chloride, with additional formation of salt deposits from sodium sulfate, calcium or magnesium. The results obtained provide useful information about the mineralogical composition of the Aral sea region salts, which complements the knowledge about the composition of minerals. The results of FTIR analyses show that the samples of salts of lake Dzhaksy -Klych are represented by the following compositions: halite, astrakhanite, hexahydrate, gypsum, mirabilite, and the absence of toxic substances in the studied salt samples confirms their suitability for use in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes.

scholarly journals Deep Eutectic Solvents Based Choline Chloride for Enzymatic Biodiesel Production from Degumming Palm Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Manurung ◽  
Taslim ◽  
A.G.A. Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Palm Oil Biodiesel

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have numerous potential applications as cosolvents. In this study, use of DES as organic solvents for enzymatic biodiesel production from degumming palm oil (DPO) was investigated. Deep eutectic solvent was synthesized using choline chloride salt (ChCl) compounds with glycerol and 1,2-propanediol. Deep eutectic solvent was characterized by viscosity, density, pH and freezing values, which were tested for effectiveness by enzymatic reactions for the production of palm biodiesel with raw materials DPO. Deep eutectic solvent of ChCl and glycerol produced the highest biodiesel yield (98.98%); weight of DES was only 0.5 % of that of the oil. In addition, the use of DES maintained the activity and stability of novozym enzymes, which was assessed as the yield until the 6th usage, which was 95.07 % biodiesel yield compared with the yield without using DES. Hence, using DES, glycerol in enzymatic biodiesel production had high potentiality as an organic solvent for palm oil biodiesel production

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties of Handere Clays and Their Use as a Building Material

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasin Erdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Volcanic Glass ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Clay Deposits

Handere clay deposits were discovered at Adana in Turkey. These clay units primarily consist of uncoloured claystone, pebbly sandstone, sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone marl and include gypsum lenses and clay levels of various thicknesses in places. The physicochemical properties of these clays have been investigated by different techniques including Scanning Electron and Elemental Analysis (SEM and EDS), mineralogical analyses, chemical and physical analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and Atterberg (Consistency) Limits Test. The mineralogical composition deduced from XRD is wide (smectite + palygorskite + illite ± feldspar ± chlorite ± quartz ± calcite ± serpentine) due to the high smectite contents (≈85%). SEM studies reveal that smectite minerals are composed of irregular platy leaves and show honeycomb pattern in the form of wavy leaves in places. The leaves presenting an array with surface edge contact are usually concentrated in the dissolution voids and fractures of volcanic glass. Organic matter content and loss on ignition analysis of raw materials are good for all the studied samples. In summary, Handere clays can be used as building materials in bricks, roof tiles, and cement and as a binder.

STUDY OF OIL AND GAS PROSPECTIVE STRUCTURES OF THE ARAL SEA REGION WITH THE FORECAST OF THEIR RESERVES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.К. Курбаниязов
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Hydrocarbon Traps ◽  
Coastal Sea ◽  
Detailed Search ◽  
Gas Potential

В начале барремского времени море отступило и до начала позднего альба территория представляла собой низменную аккумулятивную равнину, в пределах которой происходило накопление аллювиальных и озерно-аллювиальных отложений: красно-коричневых глин, алевролитов с прослоями коричневых песчаников и песков и линзами темно-серого лигнита. В основании толщи отмечаются гравелиты и конгломераты. В раннемальбе произошла кратковременная трансгрессия моря, однако территория современного Восточного Приаралья не была затоплена и представляла собой прибрежно-морскую равнину, где накапливались глины, алевролиты и песчаники. К концу позднего альба море регрессировало, и территория вновь стала представлять собой низменную аллювиально-озерную равнину. По всей территории происходило накопление пестроцветных глин, зеленовато-серых алевролитов, песков и песчаников, а также углей. При проведении иследовательских работ были обоснованы наиболее перспективные типы ловушек углеводородного сырья по стратиграфическим уровням и выявлена зональность их распространения. Дана оценка перспектив района на выявление залежей нефти и газа. Выделены информативные и качественные признаки (критерии) нефтегазоносности. Обоснованы площади и конкретные структуры для постановки детальных поисковых работ на выявление залежей нефти и газа. Рассчитана оценка потенциальных ресурсов углеводородного сырья. At the beginning of the Barremian time, the sea receded and until the beginning of the late Alb, the territory was a low-lying accumulative plain, within which the accumulation of alluvial and lacustrine-alluvial deposits occurred: red-brown clays, siltstones with layers of brown sandstones and sands and lenses of dark gray lignite. Gravelites and conglomerates are noted at the base of the strata.In the Rannemalba, there was a short-term transgression of the sea, but the territory of the modern Eastern Aral Sea region was not flooded and was a coastal-sea plain, where clays, siltstones and sandstones accumulated. By the end of the Late Alb, the sea regressed and the area again became a low-lying alluvial-lacustrine plain. There was an accumulation of variegated clays, greenish-gray siltstones, sands and sandstones, as well as coals throughout the territory. During the research work, the most promising types of hydrocarbon traps were justified by stratigraphic levels and the zoning of their distribution was revealed. The assessment of the prospects of the area for the identification of oil and gas deposits is given. Informative and qualitative signs (criteria) of oil and gas potential are identified. The areas and specific structures for setting up detailed search operations to identify oil and gas deposits are justified. The estimation of potential resources of hydrocarbon raw materials is calculated.

scholarly journals HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTENT OF CHEMICALS IN THE SOIL OF MINING AREAS OF THE TRANS-BAIKAL REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Mikhailova ◽  
M. A. Solodukhina ◽  
O. G. Alekseeva ◽  
N. M. Burlaka ◽  
S. E. Lapa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Mining Areas

Introduction. Intensive exploration and processing of mineral raw materials in the Trans-Baikal territory has caused the accumulation of considerable amount of industrial mining waste with high content of chemical elements of different classes of hazard. Currently 33 tailings storage facilities (TSF) accumulating approximately 3 milliard tons of different industrial waste are located in the territory of the region. The aim of the research is the hygienic assessment of soil contamination in the residential areas adjacent to TSFs. Material and methods. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry method was used for the determination of heavy metals. The study presents the results of analyses of 444 samples of gross content of lead, zinc, copper, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium in the soil of Khapcheranga, Sherlovaya Gora, Kadaya, Vershino-Darasunsky, and Vershino-Shakhtaminsky mining villages throughout the duration of 2012 - 2015. Results. During the period of the study the total value of soil contamination with Zc calculated by the median concentrations in Khapcheranga Village amounted to 4.7 6.9, in Vershino-Shakhtaminaky - to 6.7 8.8, which corresponds to the «allowable» level of the contamination. Zc calculation by maximum concentrations has shown the soil to be referred to the category from “moderately dangerous” to “extremely dangerous”; this value in Khapcheranga Village amounted to 48.7 - 235.3, in Vershino-Shakhtaminsky Village - to 23.76 - 164.8. Discussion. In the residential areas the allowable degree of soil contamination was determined to be predominantly observed; Khapcheranga and Vershino-Shakhtaminsky villages are the exceptions. The results of the assessment give the evidence of tge increased lead, cadmium and arsenic content throughout the entire area of the villages, while the highest levels of accumulated toxic substances are registered in the areas located near the TSF Conclusion. Thus, several zones of natural and anthropogenous contamination with increased concentrations of heavy metals and arsenic have been formed in the Trans-Baikal Territory. This dictates the need to study the influence of geochemical anomalies on the health of population.

Characterization of clays from the Foumban region (west Cameroon) and evaluation for refractory brick manufacture

Clay Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-457
Author(s):  
A. Pountouenchi ◽  
D. Njoya ◽  
A. Njoya ◽  
D. Rabibisao ◽  
J.R. Mache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Refractory Brick ◽  
Major Element Chemistry ◽  
End Products ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Steel Mould

ABSTRACTThree clayey materials named MY3, KK and KG originating from the Foumban region (west Cameroon) were analysed to determine their granulometry, plasticity, major-element chemistry and mineralogy. Dilatometric and ceramic behaviour were also investigated. Clays were shaped by uniaxial pressing in a steel mould. Shaped samples were heated at 1300, 1400 and 1500°C. The end products were characterized in terms of their density, porosity and compressive strength. Raw materials differ in terms of their mineralogical composition, grain-size distribution, Al2O3 content and the nature and abundance of impurities inducing specific thermal behaviour during dilatometric analysis and sintering tests. The final material properties may be related to the main features of the raw materials used.

scholarly journals Improving processes and natural production minerals recycling

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Natalia Кhrunina ◽  
Anton Cheban
Keyword(s):  
Native Gold ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Carbonaceous Deposits ◽  
Natural Production ◽  
Energy Dispersive Microanalysis ◽  
Natural Carbon ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
Environmental Burdens ◽  
Scanning Electron

The article is devoted to improving the processes of extraction of natural carbon minerals through increased selectivity and reduce dilution, as well as processing of ash-slag wastes to reduce environmental burdens and increasing complexity of extracting minerals. Data are elemental and mineral composition, energy dispersive microanalysis by scanning electron microscope JEOL JCM-6000. As a result of natural objects analysis carbon minerals, with their typing on structural and mineralogical composition, marked by the characteristic difficult structural signs plastoobraznyh and lenticular deposits. A method of treatment of structured development of carbonaceous deposits of minerals based on the improved design of the working body of the harvester, that will increase the efficiency of minerals through mining selectivity. As a result, microanalysis samples ash wastes found the presence of native gold, рlatinum and silver. The application of ways of dressing of secondary raw materials using innovative technologies developed, based on the processes of gravitational and ultrasonic cavitation effects, provide comprehensiveness of allocating valuable components micron level and reduce the pollution of Wednesday.

Effects of Starting Materials on Molten Salt Synthesis of Bi4Ti3O12

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Paisan Setasuwon ◽  
S. Kijamnajsak
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Grain Orientation ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Molten Salt Synthesis ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Templated Grain Growth

Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 is one of the potential candidates for non-lead piezoelectric materials to replace existing lead-based ones. Properties of BNT could be enhanced by reactive templated grain growth (RTGG) technique through induction of grain orientation with crystals of Bi4Ti3O12. Controlling the size of Bi4Ti3O12 crystals during the synthesis with molten salt is a major factor in optimizing RTGG. It was found that molten salt synthesis of Bi4Ti3O12 crystals with NaCl-KCl yielded larger particles, compared with Na2SO4-3K2SO4. Varying the proportion of chloride salt did not produce noticeable changes in crystal size. Bi4Ti3O12 crystals were significantly affected by raw materials treatment. Non-milling of starting powders could approximately double the crystal size

scholarly journals Zeolite Synthesis from Brazilian Coal Fly Ash for Removal of Zn2+ and Cd2+ from Water

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1900-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana De Carvalho Izidoro ◽  
Denise Alves Fungaro ◽  
Shao Bin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Metal Ion Removal

A Brazilian fly ash sample (CM1) was used to synthesize zeolites by hydrothermal treatment. Products and raw materials were characterized in terms of real density (Helium Pycnometry), specific surface area (BET method), morphological analysis (SEM), chemical composition (XRF) and mineralogical composition (XRD). The zeolites (ZM1) from fly ash were used for metal ion removal from water. Results indicated that hydroxy-sodalite zeolite could be synthesized from fly ash sample. The zeolite presented higher specific surface area and lower SiO2/Al2O3ratio than the ash precursor. The adsorption showed that cadmium is more preferentially adsorbed on ZM1 than zinc. The adsorption equilibrium time for both Zn2+and Cd2+was 20 hours in a batch process. The adsorption isotherms were better fitted by the Langmuir model and the highest percentages of removal using ZM1 were obtained at pH 6 and 5 and doses of 15 and 18 g L-1for Zn2+and Cd2+, respectively. Thermodynamic studies indicated that adsorption of Zn2+and Cd2+by ZM1 was a spontaneous, endothermic process and presented an increase of disorder at the interface solid/solution.

Mineralogical and physicochemical characterization of selected Portuguese Mesozoic-Cenozoic muddy/clayey raw materials to be potentially used as healing clays

Clay Minerals ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rebelo ◽  
F. Rocha ◽  
E. Ferreira Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Geological Formations

AbstractThe use of pelitic geological materials for the treatment of muscle-bone-skin pathologies, by application of a cataplasm made of clay and mineral water mixture, is currently receiving attention and interest from the general public and scientific community. In Portugal there are several natural occurrences of clays/muds which are used for pelotherapy and/or geotherapy. These are carried out either indoors (thalassotherapy and thermal centres) or outdoors, in natural sites generally located near the seaside. The aim of this study is to assess the mineralogical and physicochemical properties of Portuguese raw materials for therapeutic purposes. These materials were collected from different Portuguese Mesozoic-Cenozoic geological formations located in the neighbourhood of thermal centres or at beaches known from their empirical applications. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) were used to assess the mineralogical composition of these clays. Physicochemical properties, such as specific surface area, cation exchange capacity, plasticity/abrasiveness indices and heat diffusiveness were also determined. Having distinct geological ages and genesis, the materials examined are mainly illitic. Less abundant kaolinite and smectite are also present. With respect to their physicochemical properties, all samples have good thermal properties which make them potentially suitable for therapeutic or aesthetic purposes.

THE SELECTION OF BUILDING MATERIALS TO IMPROVE THE COMFORT AND ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF CITY HOUSING

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 94-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Yur'evna ZHIGULINA ◽  
Natalya Genrikhovna CHUMACHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Selection Of

The article is devoted to problems of creation of comfortable microclimate. Identifi es sources of pollution, completed their evaluation. Special att ention is paid to the selection of environmentally friendly building materials. In the production of building materials where toxic components can be industrial waste, replacing natural raw materials and chemical additives regulating the properties. In the operation of many building materials, especially those based on polymers, it is necessary to control the release of toxic substances resulting from degradation. For the assessment of comfort and environmental safety of housing is offered to create «Passports of residential buildings», which should be provided with information about construction materials used to evaluate this parameter, environmental home safety, including chemical safety as its component.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document