scholarly journals Anti-Counterfeiting and Traceability Mechanism Based on Blockchain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Ji ◽  
S B Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Credit System ◽  
Traceability System ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Packaging Efficiency ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
High Energy Consumption

The anti-counterfeiting traceability system based on blockchain technology can ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data stored by each participating node, protect the legitimacy of the data, ensure the product quality, improve the credibility of enterprises, and enhance consumers’ confidence in products. However, due to the low system throughput, high energy consumption and poor data availability, the combination of blockchain and traditional anti-counterfeiting traceability mode has many challenges, such as low efficiency. This paper aims to find an improved consensus mechanism based on contribution proof to improve the mining efficiency of honest miners. And plan to introduce a credit system, give priority to the high credit value of the mining block to package, improve the overall packaging efficiency of the system, to solve the problem of low feedback efficiency of the blockchain anti-counterfeiting system.

One High Efficiency Production Line of Clinker and Slag Grinding Separately by Roller Mill in Cement Industry

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Ning Chang Liu ◽  
Zhao Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Roller Mill ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Cement Grinding ◽  
Grinding System ◽  
High Energy Consumption

In cement industry, many grinding up systems are on operating now. The tradition process of tube mill grinding system is high energy consumption, so it’s low efficiency, especially in the final cement grinding process. The value and advantage of slag is recognized more and more, but it’s difficult to be grinded up. Furthermore, the disadvantage and shortages to grind up clinker compounded with slag to produce cement are obvious and adopted. The best process is to grind up slag, clinker separately. Then, these two kinds of powder are compounded by a mixer. Hereby, it introduces a design of the process to grind up clinker, slag by one roller mill.

Energy Saving Drive for Forming Equipments

2010 ◽  
Vol 154-155 ◽  
pp. 701-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Song Sun ◽  
Jian Guo Hu ◽  
Hong Bo Zheng ◽  
Ji Ping He ◽  
Ya Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Ac Servo ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
And Control ◽  
Complex Transmission ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Energy saving in manufacturing is the key to reduce energy consumption of unit GDP. Forming equipments are one of the biggest energy consumers. The basic reason of high energy consumption and low efficiency for current forming equipments is the mismatch between uncontrollable driving characteristics and the variable loads in forming processes. Complex transmission and control mechanisms are needed, wasting a lot of energy. The basic principles of driving were put forward to realize energy saving for forming equipments: faster in virtual strokes, slower in working strokes, stop when idling and recycling excessive energy. The servo driving based on large AC servo motors can make the driving and forming loads match each other well, realizing not only high automation and intelligence, but energy saving greatly as well. Theoretical analysis and experiments showed that by adopting AC servo driving the crank presses, hydraulic presses and screw presses could get the energy saving results of 25-70%.

scholarly journals Hybrid Blockchain for IoT—Energy Analysis and Reward Plan

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Jiejun Hu ◽  
Martin J. Reed ◽  
Mays Al-Naday ◽  
Nikolaos Thomos
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Byzantine Fault Tolerance ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Puzzle Solving ◽  
Computationally Intensive ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Blockchain technology has brought significant advantages for security and trustworthiness, in particular for Internet of Things (IoT) applications where there are multiple organisations that need to verify data and ensure security of shared smart contracts. Blockchain technology offers security features by means of consensus mechanisms; two key consensus mechanisms are, Proof of Work (PoW) and Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT). While the PoW based mechanism is computationally intensive, due to the puzzle solving, the PBFT consensus mechanism is communication intensive due to the all-to-all messages; thereby, both may result in high energy consumption and, hence, there is a trade-off between the computation and the communication energy costs. In this paper, we propose a hybrid-blockchain (H-chain) framework appropriate for scenarios where multiple organizations exist and where the framework enables private transaction verification and public transaction sharing and audit, according to application needs. In particular, we study the energy consumption of the hybrid consensus mechanisms in H-chain. Moreover, this paper proposes a reward plan to incentivize the blockchain agents so that they make contributions to the H-chain while also considering the energy consumption. While the work is generally applicable to IoT applications, the paper illustrates the framework in a scenario which secures an IoT application connected using a software defined network (SDN). The evaluation results first provide a method to balance the public and private parts of the H-chain deployment according to network conditions, computation capability, verification complexity, among other parameters. The simulation results demonstrate that the reward plan can incentivize the blockchain agents to contribute to the H-chain considering the energy consumption of the hybrid consensus mechanism, this enables the proposed H-chain to achieve optimal social welfare.

Oxygen Supply Method Using Gas-Permeable Film for Wastewater Treatment

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Suzuki ◽  
S. Miyahara ◽  
K. Takeishi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
N Removal ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Gas-permeable film can separate air and water, and at the same time, let oxygen diffuse from the air to the water through the film. An oxygen supply method using this film was investigated for the purpose of reducing energy consumption for wastewater treatment. The oxygen transfer rate was measured for the cases with or without biofilm, which proved the high rate of oxygen transfer in the case with nitrifying biofilm which performed nitrification. When the Gas-permeable film with nitrifying biofilm was applied to the treatment of wastewater, denitrifying biofilm formed on the nitrifying biofilm, and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification occurred, resulting in the high rate of organic matter and T-N removal (7 gTOC/m2/d and 4 gT-N/m2/d, respectively). However, periodic sloughing of the denitrifying biofilm was needed to keep the oxygen transfer rate high. Energy consumption of the process using the film in the form of tubes was estimated to be less than 40% of that of the activated sludge process.

scholarly journals Polymer–Lipid Pharmaceutical Nanocarriers: Innovations by New Formulations and Production Technologies

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Sabrina Bochicchio ◽  
Gaetano Lamberti ◽  
Anna Angela Barba
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Hybrid Nanoparticles ◽  
Industrial Implementation ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
High Energy Consumption ◽  
Modern Technologies

Some issues in pharmaceutical therapies such as instability, poor membrane permeability, and bioavailability of drugs can be solved by the design of suitable delivery systems based on the combination of two pillar classes of ingredients: polymers and lipids. At the same time, modern technologies are required to overcome production limitations (low productivity, high energy consumption, expensive setup, long process times) to pass at the industrial level. In this paper, a summary of applications of polymeric and lipid materials combined as nanostructures (hybrid nanocarriers) is reported. Then, recent techniques adopted in the production of hybrid nanoparticles are discussed, highlighting limitations still present that hold back the industrial implementation.

scholarly journals High energy consumption or low economic growth?

Nature ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 273 (5664) ◽  
pp. 587-587
Author(s):  
L. G. BROOKES
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Consumption

scholarly journals A lightweight magnetic gripper for an aerial delivery vehicle: design and applications

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Sutera ◽  
Dario Calogero Guastella ◽  
Giovanni Muscato
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Vehicle Design ◽  
Delivery Vehicle ◽  
Delivery Service ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Robot Systems ◽  
High Energy Consumption

<p>In recent years, drones have become widely used in many fields. Their vertical flight capability makes these systems suitable for carrying out a variety of tasks. In this paper, the delivery service they provide is analysed. The delivery of goods quickly and to remote areas is a relevant application scenario; however, the systems proposed in the literature use electromagnets, which affect the duration of the flight. In addition, these devices are heavy and suffer from high energy consumption, which reduces the maximum transportable payload. This study proposes a new lightweight magnetic plate composed of permanent magnets, capable of collecting and positioning any object as long as it has a ferromagnetic surface on the top. This plate was developed for the Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge 2020, an international robotics competition for multi-robot systems. Challenge two of this competition required a drone capable of picking up different types of bricks and assembling them to build a wall according to an assigned pattern. The bricks were of different colours and sizes, with weights ranging from 1 to 2 kg. In light of this, it was concluded that weight was the most relevant specification to consider in drone design.</p>

scholarly journals Research on the Defrosting System of Refrigerated Containers Combining Air and Electro-Thermal Energy and the Controlling Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 02058
Author(s):  
Kaitai Hua
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Considering the problems such as long duration of defrosting, low working reliability and high energy consumption of refrigerated containers, this paper put forward a new defrosting method combining air and electro-thermal energy, and designed a new defrosting structure system based on the structural features of refrigeration modules of refrigerated containers. The two-variable method of wind pressure change and temperature difference change on both sides of the evaporator was used to detect frosting, and the specific controlling strategy supporting the new defrosting system was provided to realize the effect of intelligent defrosting. It can provide references for fast defrosting, intelligent defrosting and low energy consumption defrosting of refrigerated containers.

Efficient Strategies of VMs Scheduling Based on Physicals Resources and Temperature Thresholds

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
Djouhra Dad ◽  
Ghalem Belalem
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
High Energy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
Temperature Thresholds ◽  
Cpu Utilization ◽  
Consumer Services ◽  
High Energy Consumption ◽  
Over Time

Cloud computing offers a variety of services, including the dynamic availability of computing resources. Its infrastructure is designed to support the accessibility and availability of various consumer services via the Internet. The number of data centers allow the allocation of the applications, and the process of data in the cloud is increasing over time. This implies high energy consumption, thus contributing to large emissions of CO2 gas. For this reason, solutions are needed to minimize this power consumption, such as virtualization, migration, consolidation, and efficient traffic-aware virtual machine scheduling. In this article, the authors propose two efficient strategies for VM scheduling. SchedCT approach is based on dynamic CPU utilization and temperature thresholds. SchedCR approach takes into consideration dynamic CPU utilization, RAM capacity, and temperature thresholds. These approaches have efficiently decreased the energy consumption of the data centers, the number of VM migrations, and SLA violations, and this reduces, therefore, the emission of CO2 gas.

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