scholarly journals Thick Smear Technique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Thick Smear

scholarly journals Diagnosing Malaria Patients with Plasmodium falciparum and vivax Using Deep Learning for Thick Smear Images

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1994
Author(s):  
Yasmin M. Kassim ◽  
Feng Yang ◽  
Hang Yu ◽  
Richard J. Maude ◽  
Stefan Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Patient Level ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Thick Smear ◽  
New Framework

We propose a new framework, PlasmodiumVF-Net, to analyze thick smear microscopy images for a malaria diagnosis on both image and patient-level. Our framework detects whether a patient is infected, and in case of a malarial infection, reports whether the patient is infected by Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax. PlasmodiumVF-Net first detects candidates for Plasmodium parasites using a Mask Regional-Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN), filters out false positives using a ResNet50 classifier, and then follows a new approach to recognize parasite species based on a score obtained from the number of detected patches and their aggregated probabilities for all of the patient images. Reporting a patient-level decision is highly challenging, and therefore reported less often in the literature, due to the small size of detected parasites, the similarity to staining artifacts, the similarity of species in different development stages, and illumination or color variations on patient-level. We use a manually annotated dataset consisting of 350 patients, with about 6000 images, which we make publicly available together with this manuscript. Our framework achieves an overall accuracy above 90% on image and patient-level.

scholarly journals Blood Smears Have Poor Sensitivity for ConfirmingBorrelia miyamotoiDisease

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam R. Telford ◽  
Heidi K. Goethert ◽  
Philip J. Molloy ◽  
Victor Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Hard Tick ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
Relapsing Fever ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Thick Smear

ABSTRACTBorrelia miyamotoidisease (BMD) is a newly recognized borreliosis that is cotransmitted by ticks wherever Lyme disease is zoonotic. UnlikeBorrelia burgdorferisensu lato, the agent of Lyme disease,B. miyamotoiis closely related to relapsing fever spirochetes, such asBorrelia hermsii. Some authors have suggested that the disease caused byB. miyamotoishould be considered a hard-tick-transmitted relapsing fever, and thus, the main mode of confirming a diagnosis for that infection, microscopy to analyze a blood smear, may have clinical utility. To determine whether blood smears may detectB. miyamotoiin the blood of acute BMD patients, we made standard malariological thick smears from anticoagulated blood samples that were previously determined to contain this agent (by PCR) and analyzed them for morphological evidence of spirochetes. Spirochetes were not detected in the blood smears from 20 PCR positive patient blood samples after examination of 100 thick smear fields and only 2 of 20 demonstrated spirochetes when the examination was extended to 300 thick smear fields. Inoculation of severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice yielded isolates from 5 of 5 samples, but 0 of 3 BALB/c mice became infected. We conclude that in strong contrast to the diagnosis of typical relapsing fever, microscopy of blood smears is not sensitive enough for confirming a diagnosis of BMD but that SCID mouse inoculation could be a useful complement to PCR.

scholarly journals Congenital Malaria in Newborns Delivered to Mothers with Malaria-Infected Placenta in Blue Nile State, Sudan

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-434
Author(s):  
Samia A Omer ◽  
Ishag Adam ◽  
Ali Noureldien ◽  
Hadeel Elhaj ◽  
Laura Guerrero-Latorre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Blue Nile ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Thick Smear ◽  
Congenital Malaria

Abstract Diagnosis of congenital malaria is complicated by the low density of the parasite circulating in the cord blood and/or the peripheral blood of the newborns. Molecular techniques are significantly more sensitive than blood smears in detecting low-level parasitemia. This study investigated the prevalence of congenital malaria by the use of the real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) in 102 babies born to mothers with microscopically confirmed infected placenta from Blue Nile state, Sudan. At delivery time, placental, maternal peripheral and cord blood samples in addition to samples collected from the newborns’ peripheral blood were examined for malaria infection using Giemsa-stained thick smear and parasite DNA detection by real-time PCR. The overall prevalence of congenital malaria includes the total babies with cord blood parasitaemia and peripheral blood parasitaemia was 18.6 and 56.8% using microscopy and real-time PCR, respectively. Even though all the neonates were aparasitaemic by microscopy, 19 (18.6%) of the babies had congenital malaria detected by real-time PCR, 15 (25.9%) of the babies with congenital malaria were born to mothers with both placental and peripheral blood malaria infections detected using the two techniques. Congenital malaria was significantly associated with cord blood malaria infections, maternal age and maternal haemoglobin level (p < 0.001). This first study investigating congenital malaria in Blue Nile state, Sudan shows that malaria-infected placenta resulted in infant and cord blood infections.

Efficacy of different chemotherapeutic schemes for hookworm-infected villagers in China

Parasitology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 135 (14) ◽  
pp. 1685-1690 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. YANG ◽  
L. J. YANG ◽  
Y. P. SHEN ◽  
J. O. SHAO ◽  
T. ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Hookworm Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Curative Effect ◽  
Selective Chemotherapy ◽  
Hookworm Infections ◽  
Thick Smear

SUMMARYA comparative analysis has been made of the efficacy of different chemotherapeutic schemes against hookworm infections in China. Hookworm eggs were detected by the improved Kato's thick smear method. Benzimidazole was offered to residents in the tested villages, while NaHCO3 was used as placebo in control villages. Data were analysed by negative binomial distribution with statistic software R2.2.1. In the tested village as a result of the application of selective chemotherapy, hookworm infection rate decreased from 58·79% to 1·08%, while the average of eggs per gram (EPG) reduced from 526·29 to 56·91. The infection rates in the target chemotherapy village and in the mass chemotherapy village declined from 6·90% to 1·92% and 10·10% to 0·65% respectively. It was concluded that the consecutive selective chemotherapy could rapidly decrease the infection rate and EPG of hookworm and maintain the infection rate at low level. The curative effect of the target chemotherapy was similar to that of the mass chemotherapy in the low hookworm endemic area.

scholarly journals Comparison of filtration staining (Bell) and thick smear (Kato) for the detection and quantitation of Schistosoma mansoni eggs in faeces

1982 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Sleigh ◽  
Rodney Hoff ◽  
Kenneth Mott ◽  
Mauricio Barreto ◽  
Tereza Maisk de Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Thick Smear

Differential Resin-Dentin Bonds Created after Caries Removal with Polymer Burs

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Toledano ◽  
Inmaculada Cabello ◽  
Monica Yamauti ◽  
Raquel Osorio
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Microtensile Bond Strength ◽  
Caries Removal ◽  
Thick Smear ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe objective of this article was to investigate the effect of carbide and polymer burs caries removal methods on the bond strength of different adhesives to dentin. Resin restorations were performed in sound and caries-affected dentin, after using polymer or carbide burs and bonding with four different adhesive (Single bond, SB; Clearfil SE bond, SEB; FL-Bond II, FLB; and Fuji II-LC, FUJI). Microtensile bond strength (MTBS) was measured. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls tests. Debonded surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Bonded interfaces were examined using light microscopy (Masson's trichrome staining). In sound dentin, MTBS was similar for SEB and SB, and higher than that of FLB and FUJI. Bond strength to carbide bur prepared dentin was similar for SB, SEB, and FLB; FUJI presented the lowest. SB applied on polymer bur excavated dentin presented similar values to those of the carbide bur group; MTBS attained by SEB, FLB, and FUJI decreased when bonding to dentin treated with polymer burs; FUJI yielded pretesting failures in all specimens. Polymer burs created a thick smear layer that was not infiltrated by tested self-etching agents. The bonding effectiveness of self-etching and glass-ionomer-like adhesives to dentin decreased when polymer burs were used.

The Thick Smear Method of Diagnosing Malaria

1936 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
T. B. Magath
Keyword(s):  
Thick Smear
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