scholarly journals Features of the water regime of aboriginal and introduced species of the genus Iris L. in the Southern Ural

2021 ◽  
Vol 210 (07) ◽  
pp. 2-15
Author(s):  
Liliya Beksheneva ◽  
Antonina Reut
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Mode I ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered

Abstract. The article presents the results of an experimental assessment of the peculiarities of the water regime of 9 species of the genus Iris L. growing in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute UFRC RAS (I. sibirica L., I. pseudacorus L. ‒ species of native flora, I. aphylla L., I. biglumis Vahl., I. lacteal Pall., I. orientalis Mill., I. ruthenica Ker-Gawl., I. setosa Pall., I. spuria L. ‒ introduced species). The purpose is a comparative evaluation of the main parameters of the water regime within the generic complex and depending on the detection of meteorological factors in different phenological periods. Methods. Studies were performed in growing periods 2019–2020’s physiological using conventional techniques (artificial saturation method and wilting). Made a detailed analysis of daily and seasonal dynamics of the water regime of the three parameters: the total water content, water-holding capacity, water scarcity. Typical forest species Convallaria majalis L. was investigated for a comparative analysis of water regime indicators. Results. The similarities and differences in the peculiarities of the water regime were established between the studied species, the dependence of the indicators on meteorological conditions was revealed. According to the type of water regime cultivars were divided into four groups: a flexible water-quiet mode ‒ I. pseudacorus, flexible water-tight mode ‒ I. sibirica, I. ruthenica, stably-calm water mode ‒ I. aphylla, I. biglumis, I. setosa, stably-tight water mode ‒ I. spuria, I. lactea, I. orientalis. Among the studied parameters of water scarcity was the most dependent on meteorological factors. Scientific novelty. The study helps to identify ecological and physiological adaptations of exotic species in comparison with the native species that could become the basis for assessing the prospects of growing in the culture and conservation of rare and endangered species.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF NATIVE ORNAMENTAL RESOURCES IN MOUNT HUANGSHAN (EASTERN CHINA)

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 681b-681
Author(s):  
Shujun YU
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

The author investigated, recorded, observed and analyzed the major wildflowers in Mount Huangshan---the natural and cultural heritages listed by the ESC0 of UN for the first time. On the basis of their desirable characteristics, more than 300 wild ornamental species are divided into 8 categories -–-historical old trees, rare and endangered species, evergreen ornamentals, blooming trees and shrubs, plants with colored foliage and fruit in fall, vines, herbaceous ornamentals and ground covers, and ornamental ferns. Mount Huangshan is one of the richest regions of native ornamentals in Eastern China and the most famous natural beauty in Pan-China. There are about 1500 wild landscape plants in and around it. Finally the paper puts forth some proposals and methods for introduction and utilization of wild ornamental plants. That is, investigation, classification,acclimatization and cultivation of them, and building a sort-out botanical garden for the germplasmic preservation and the flourishing landscape tourism.

scholarly journals Scirpus radicans (Cyperaceae), a newly-discovered native species in Lithuania: population, habitats and threats

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zigmantas Gudžinskas ◽  
Laurynas Taura
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Large Distribution

A previously unrecorded native species, Scirpus radicans (Cyperaceae), was discovered in the southern part of Lithuania in 2020. Although this species has a large distribution area in other parts of Eurasia, it is currently recognised as threatened in many European countries. Recordings of S. radicans in Lithuania had been expected, as these plants do occur or have been reported to occur in neighbouring regions. The aim of this study was to analyse the distribution of S. radicans in southern Lithuania, to determine the occupied areas and the size of populations, to study their capacity of vegetative reproduction, their habitats and associated plant communities, as well as to perform an assessment of the species' conservation status within the country. We studied S. radicans populations at two sites on the shores of Lake Pabezninkai and of Lake Netečius in the Varėna District (southern Lithuania), from August to October 2020. A total of 993 individuals of S. radicans were counted and their stands comprised 0.73 ha. The density of individuals in the studied plots ranged from 0.02 to 0.78 plants/m2. Only 0.5% of individuals at Lake Pabezninkai and 20.7% of individuals at Lake Netečius were at the stage of generative reproduction. Individuals at the stage of vegetative reproduction comprised 56.4%, whereas generative individuals amounted to 1.7% of all studied plants. One to seven stolons developed per plant and the mean number of rosettes per stolon was 2.8 ± 1.2. Potentially, a total of ca. 2860 rosettes could be expected from all individuals of the studied plots, but the actual realised rate of vegetative reproduction is unknown. A more detailed study of the reproductive capacities of S. radicans would be required for better understanding the causes of the lately observed decrease of this species in most of the countries of Central Europe. Our analysis of the associated plant communities has enabled us to confirm the presence of a Scirpetus radicantis Nowiński 1930 association previously not recorded in Lithuania. By assessing S. radicans in accordance with the IUCN Criteria, we conclude that this species should be classified as endangered (EN) in Lithuania. Based on this assessment, we propose to include this species on the list of legally protected species of Lithuania. Conservation of shallow lakes with sandy or muddy shores and with significant natural fluctuations of the water level is the main measure for ensuring the survival of S. radicans, as well as other rare and endangered species adapted to such a type of habitat.

scholarly journals Overview of the translocation of rupestrian ferruginous fields of Capão Xavier mine to the Serra do Rola Moça State Park, Minas Gerais – Brazil

Web Ecology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Alessandra F. Fernandes ◽  
Ana C. Maia ◽  
Juan F. S. Monteiro ◽  
João N. Condé ◽  
Mauro Martins
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Iron Quadrangle ◽  
Floristic Analysis ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Mining Regions ◽  
Brazilian Biodiversity

Abstract. The identification of priority areas for the conservation of Brazilian biodiversity and the application of prompt practical measures are essential for an effective environmental management. The Serra do Rola Moça State Park, located in the Iron Quadrangle, on the southern end of the Espinhaço Range, in Minas Gerais, Brazil, is a region that is home to the rupestrian ferruginous fields or canga vegetation, a still poorly studied vegetation, rich in endemic, rare, and endangered species. The aim of this work is to contribute to the understanding of the rupestrian ferruginous fields, providing a floristic analysis, a quantification of species richness, and survival (vegetative growth in laboratory conditions, the production of nursery saplings and the management of the areas) of translocated species from the Capão Xavier mine pit to the park. The species presented belong mainly to the Asteraceae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Velloziaceae, Bromeliaceae, Orchidaceae, and Solanaceae families. Nowadays, the surrounding area of the administrative headquarters of the park shelters around 10 000 individuals and about 15 000 in other areas of the park. In the rescue and transposition of saplings, there was a loss of less than 31.29 % of the individuals directly introduced to the planting area, while only 10 % of the saplings grown in the nursery were lost. The knowledge acquired about the viability of the studied species, their spread, and conservation indicates the possibility of nursery breeding of some of the native species and their use in the recovery of areas in mining regions.

Effects of allelopathy and competition for nutrients and water on the survival and growth of plant species in a natural Dacrydium forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Wu ◽  
Yongfu Chen ◽  
David GrenierHéon
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Species Specific

A comprehensive understanding of allelopathy and resource availability mechanisms is critical for protecting rare and endangered species, biodiversity and ecosystems. We treated 20 major plant species with a gradient of three aqueous extracts of Dacrydium pierrei litter and irrigation/nutrients to compare the relative importance of allelopathy and resource availability on roots, stem growth and seed germination using bioassays. The results showed that the height, ground diameter and aboveground biomass of individuals increased more quickly in the early stage, and rate of increase tends to slow down in the later. The allelopathy was species specific (inhibitory, neutral or promotive), and the survival rate and growth rate of saplings changed significantly along a resource treatment gradient (P< 0.05), indicating that the native species diversity was reduced by lower or higher resource availability in natural forests. The effect of allelopathy on trees was relatively weak during the treatments, and that of resource availability was relatively strong. Resource availability is relatively more important than allelopathy in mediating the reduction in plant biodiversity. Therefore, water and nutrient availability and the species and number of allelochemicals released by plants have substantial influences on the survival and growth of plant species in a natural Dacrydium forest.

scholarly journals When misconceptions impede best practices: evidence supports biological control of invasive Phragmites

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 873-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Blossey ◽  
Stacy B. Endriss ◽  
Richard Casagrande ◽  
Patrick Häfliger ◽  
Hariet Hinz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Technical Advisory Group ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Management Alternatives

AbstractDevelopment of a biological control program for invasive Phagmites australis australis in North America required 20 years of careful research, and consideration of management alternatives. A recent paper by Kiviat et al. (Biol Invasions 21:2529–2541, 2019. 10.1007/s10530-019-02014-9) articulates opposition to this biocontrol program and questions the ethics and thoroughness of the researchers. Here we address inaccuracies and misleading statements presented in Kiviat et al. (2019), followed by a brief overview of why biological control targeting Phragmites in North America can be implemented safely with little risk to native species. Similar to our colleagues, we are very concerned about the risks invasive Phragmites represent to North American habitats. But to protect those habitats and the species, including P. australis americanus, we come to a different decision regarding biological control. Current management techniques have not been able to reverse the invasiveness of P. australis australis, threats to native rare and endangered species continue, and large-scale herbicide campaigns are not only costly, but also represent threats to non-target species. We see implementation of biocontrol as the best hope for managing one of the most problematic invasive plants in North America. After extensive review, our petition to release two host specific stem miners was approved by The Technical Advisory Group for the Release of Biological Control Agents in the US and Canadian federal authorities.

scholarly journals Plants of the Siberian Flora exposition of the N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden RAS, listed in the Red Book of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 37-37
Author(s):  
Mikhail Shustov ◽  
Marianna Zueva ◽  
Aleksandra Stogova ◽  
Vianna Dzhanaeva
Keyword(s):  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Endangered Plants ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
Natural Flora ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Data Book ◽  
Paeonia Tenuifolia

The strategy and key principles of setting up natural flora exhibits were conceptualized by the founder and first manager of the Flora Department, Prof. M. Kultiasov based on the ecological and historical method of plant introduction. The Siberian flora exhibit was among the first created by the Laboratory. Nowadays it comprises 111 species (131 specimens) belonging to 68 genera of 39 families of plants. This collection includes 5 species of plants listed in the Red Data Book of Russia, namely Anemonastrum baicalense (Turcz.) Mosyakin, Cotoneaster acutifolius Turcz., Erythronium sibiricum (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Krylov, Paeonia tenuifolia L., Leuzea carthamoides (Willd.) DC. By category of rareness, out of five these species, one (Paeonia tenuifolia) belongs to Category Two (threatened) and four species (Anemonastrum baicalense, Cotoneaster acutifolius, Erythronium sibiricum, Leuzea carthamoides) belong to Category Three (rare). By category of integrated introductory resistance, all the species introduced may be categorized as ‘resistant in a controlled environment’. Keywords: PLANT INTRODUCTION, NATIVE FLORA OF THE SIBERIA, RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANTS, RED DATA BOOK OF RUSSIA, MOSCOW, N. V. TSITSIN MAIN BOTANICAL GARDEN RAS

scholarly journals Growth and Development of the Introduced Picea L. (Karst.) Species in the Taiga Zone (Karelia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-258
Author(s):  
Ivan T. Kishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Needle Growth

The study was conducted in the Botanical Garden of Petrozavodsk State University (South Karelia, the middle taiga subzone) from April to October during 1988–2016. The following representatives of the genus Picea were investigated: four introduced species (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss [syn. P. canadensis Britt.], P. pungens Engelm. f. viridis Regel., P. obovata Ledeb., and P. mariana Britt.) and one native species (P. abies (L.) Karst.). The growth of P. abies shoots starts 1–4 weeks earlier and ends 1–3 weeks later compared to the introduced species. The earliest culmination of shoot growth is observed in P. glauca and P. obovata and the latest in P. abies. The longest shoots are formed by P. abies. The growth dynamics of shoots differs considerably between the introduced species and the native species. The dates of the beginning and the culmination of the shoot growth in the studied species are to a certain extent affected by the temperature of the air. P. abies needles begin to grow 1–2 weeks earlier than the needles of the introduced species. The earliest culmination of needle growth is observed in P. obovata and P. glauca and the latest in P. pungens. P. abies and P. pungens show the largest needle length increment, while in the other species, it is 2–4 times smaller. The longest needles are formed in P. pungens and P. abies. There is a noticeable difference in needle growth dynamics between the introduced species and the native species. The dates on which needles begin to grow are largely determined by the temperature of the air. The temperature of the air and solar radiation produce a substantial effect on the time of occurrence of most phenophases in the studied Picea species. P. pungens and P. glauca were found to be the most promising spruce species for residential landscaping and creation of artificial plant communities in Karelia

scholarly journals Rare species of Sorbus L. growing in Dagestan and introduction in the Mountain Botanical Garden

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
M. D. Zalibekov ◽  
A. R. Gabibova
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Red List ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
New Locations ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Hybrid Forms

The collection fund of rowan trees of the Mountain Botanical Garden, located at an altitude of 1700 m above sea level (Gunib plateau), includes 30 species, 5 varieties, cultivars and hybrid forms. There are 6 species of rowan in Dagestan, introduced from natural habitats, of which three species are included in the Red Book of Dagestan, and are included in the Red List of Endemic Species of the Caucasus (IUCN). As a result of the search and research work, new locations of four rare and endangered species of rowan ( S. caucasica, S. graeca, S. kusnetzovii, S. subfusca ) that are threatened with extinction in Dagestan were identified. The geographical coordinates of the exact location of rowan species are marked, and maps of the species' range on the territory of the Republic of Dagestan are compiled. For further monitoring observations, the total number of species was clarified, the biomorphological indicators and the age structure of the populations were studied. Under the conditions of culture, they were propagated by seeds and vegetatively by grafting on the rootstock of S. aucuparia .

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