scholarly journals National iron panorama between 2010 and 2014

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Karina Dias Rocha ◽  
Franciolli da Silva Dantas Araújo ◽  
Amanda Alves Fecury ◽  
Euzébio Oliveira ◽  
Carla Viana Dendasck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Chemical Element ◽  
World Market ◽  
Iron Production ◽  
World Production ◽  
Mineral Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Mineral Reserve

Mining is the activity carried out that aims to remove a mineral good from the earth’s crust, representing about 5% of Brazil’s GDP in 2014. Iron is an easily oxidisable, dubious and magnetic chemical element. It is the most common, cheap and most important of metals. Hematite (Fe2 O3) is the main mineral with predominant iron content in its composition. In 2010, Brazil’s iron production accounted for about 15% of world production. The steel industry accounts for 99% of the world’s iron consumption. The sea route is the main means of transport of goods between Brazil and foreign trade. The research was carried out by accessing the DNPM website, the data collected were from 2010 to 2014. In this period Australia had the largest mineral reserve of iron and China the largest production in the world. In 2013 there was a fall in Brazilian iron production and its effective consumption. The national economy and world trade were the main factors for the instability of the Brazilian mineral sector between 2010 and 2014. The decrease in the price of iron in the world market caused the drop in iron production in Brazil in 2013, when iron consumption in Brazil was severely affected by the economic crisis that affected the country. China’s high investments in the mineral sector have boosted the country’s participation in world trade, becoming the world’s leading iron producer, between 2010 and 2014 China was the main buyer of iron produced in Brazil.

Russia in the World Production and Market of Potatoes and Fruit and Vegetable Products

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Yu.I. Agirbov ◽  
◽  
R.R. Mukhametzyanov ◽  
E.V. Britik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
World Market ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
World Production ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Vegetable Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Qualitative Changes

In 1961-2018 in the world as a whole, the gross harvest of potatoes increased from 290.6 million tons to 368.2 million tons, that is, 1.36 times. Over the same period, the production of vegetables and food melons increased from 197.7 million tons to 1,088.8 million tons (5.51 times), and fruits and berries from 199.9 million tons to 867.8 million tons (4.34 times). In a number of states in 1992-2018 the corresponding increase significantly exceeded the average values for the world as a whole, as a result of which their place in the global ranking increased, and the positions of some traditional producers of potatoes and fruits and vegetables decreased. For example, in terms of gross harvest of potatoes in 1992, Russia was in first place, and Poland was in third, while in 2018 they were in 4th and 9th positions, respectively. In terms of vegetable production, Italy and Japan were displaced from 4th and 5th places, which were taken by Turkey and Nigeria. In terms of gross harvests of fruits and berries, Turkey occupied the fifth position in total world production by 2018, although in 1992 it belonged to Italy. Quantitative and qualitative changes inevitably have a significant impact on both the volume of the world market and the parameters of international trade in potatoes, vegetables and melons, fruits and berries. Processes in foreign economic liberalization and economic integration contributed to an increase in the specialization and concentration of production of relevant plants in countries with more favorable natural and climatic conditions, as well as a gradual increase in demand for potatoes, vegetables and melons, fruits and berries from a number of states, including those that used to meet the needs of their population in large volumes at the expense of their own producers. The Russian Federation is one of the significant players in the world potato and fruit and vegetable market. Despite the increase in gross fruit and vegetable production in recent years, Russia’s positions in the global rating dropped from 7th to 10th place in vegetables and melons, from 20th to 31st place in fruits and berries. As for potatoes, there was a decrease in the volume of its production, as a result, Russia dropped from 1st place in 1992 to 4th place in 2018.

World trade of beet pulp pellets

2016 ◽  
pp. 501-504
Author(s):  
Sergey Gudoshnikov
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
World Market ◽  
Good Source ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Additional Income ◽  
Pulp Production

Beet pulp remaining after the extraction of sugar from beet is a good source of highly digestible fibre and energy used for animal feeding. Beet pulp is mostly used domestically but about 15% of global dried beet pulp production is exported to the world market. Although pulp have only little value as compared to sugar, sales of it abroad help generate additional income for the sugar industry with relatively low overheads. In contrast to sugar where import markets are protected by tariffs and non-tariff barriers while export volumes can be heavily regulated by governments, these restrictions are much less extensive for beet pulp trade. This article reviews recent developments in the world trade in beet pulp. The context of the article is based on the ISO study “World Trade of Molasses and Beet Pulp” MECAS(16)06.

Von einer Neuen Weltwirtschaftsordnung zu einer neuen Weltfreihandelsordnung oder mehr Freihandel statt mehr Gerechtigkeit

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World Wide ◽  
World Market ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Free Trade Policy

Abstract Wolfgang Kessler gives a report on the latest developments ofthe GATT negociations. The failure ofthe Uiruguay round in the autumn of 1990 and the irksome attempts at reanimation are depicted as a result of the strategy ofthe industrialized countries to bargain for their interests by demanding an extension oftheir free trade policy on additional parts of the world market. Kessler contrasts this strategy with a model of an ecologically and socially regulated world trade founded on world-wide agreed upon treaties that focus on a sustainable world economy.

scholarly journals Will Taiwan Be Marginalized by China?

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tain-Jy Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
World Market ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Chinese Labor ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Trade And Investment

This paper shows that Taiwan has benefited immensely from China's accession to the World Trade Organization, in terms of the expansion of its exports to China, owing to Taiwan's institutional and structural advantages. Behind the rapid expansion of trade and investment, however, Taiwan runs a high risk of hollowing out its domestic industries, a risk that is manifested in a decline in exports, a loss of control over logistics functions that serve the export industry, and the relocation of research and development activities to China. Taiwan is facing an uphill battle of keeping its capital- and knowledge-intensive industries at home while attempting to take advantage of low-cost Chinese labor to retain its position in the world market.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and its economic impact on the agro-industrial complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 08076
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Spektor ◽  
Svetlana Pashkova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Market ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
The World ◽  
Restrictive Measures

The world market has lost its status due to the closure of all borders, restrictive measures in the field of world trade. Before the COVID-19 crisis, manufacturers of goods had a good profit from their sales. But due to the closure of the borders and the inability to export their goods, the producer suffered losses, since he could not sell all the grown crops in his country. The pandemic has affected the delivery of goods in a logistics form. This problem has affected all types of transport for the transport of goods.

The Multilateral Trade System Goes Bananas

2019 ◽  
pp. 180-218
Author(s):  
Sivan Shlomo Agon
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Wto Dispute Settlement ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Multilateral Trading System ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Dispute Settlement System

The transatlantic Bananas dispute rambled on in the multilateral trade system for almost two decades. The convoluted conflict, standing at the centre of this chapter, provides a useful starting point for studying the goal-attainment efforts exhibited by the World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispute Settlement System (DSS) in perennial disputes, together with the goal-shifting and goal-conflict patterns characterizing such cases. The chapter first provides a brief background of the Bananas case. It then recounts the dispute’s major turning points in the multilateral trading system, and identifies the main factors rendering the conflict so prolonged and resistant to resolution. On these foundations, the chapter turns to a close goal-based reading of EC-Bananas, tracing the DSS’s goal-attainment efforts and the goal shifts marking this lengthy dispute. Thereafter, the chapter examines the resulting conflicts between DSS goals and the mixed, noncompliant outcomes ultimately produced in EC-Bananas, while assessing their ramifications for an analysis of the system’s effectiveness.

The Main Factors Determining the Competitiveness of Oil and Fat Subcomplex in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
N.A. Sidelnikova ◽  
◽  
N.A. Maslovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
World Market ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Further Development

The article reveals the current state of the fat and oil sub-sector of the Russian Federation. In the course of the research, the range of problems faced by manufacturers is established. The article reflects the prospects for further development of the fat and oil sub-sector in order to maintain a competitive position in the world market.

Chapter II. The World Overseas

1963 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Major Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Production ◽  
The World

The prospects for world production and trade are much the same as they were in February. The outlook is rather brighter in the United States, where production is rising and investment plans have been increased, but, in spite of some rise in commodity prices, perhaps fractionally gloomier for the primary producing countries, many of whose imports have been falling. World trade should be in fair equilibrium this year without any major change in the size of most countries' export surpluses; but the equilibrium will be achieved at a lower overall growth rate than would be possible if reserves were larger and better distributed.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF PORTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Viktors Blohins
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Value Added ◽  
World Market ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Work Done

Globalization and the growth of world trade force ports to change accordingly to changing market conditions. Ship sizes grow rapidly, so ports should deepen the harbour, modify port equipment and train personnel. In other worlds – ports have to be ready to react. The challenge of finding the vectors of development in those changing conditions is a crucial fact. In the paper, the author analyses the extent of the research work done in the sphere of competitiveness of ports and deals with the main factors influencing the position of ports in the world market. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to highlight the major factors affecting the port competitiveness. The main research method is the theoretical research. The analysis is based on the research carried out by scientists in the field of competitiveness of ports. As a result, three main factors were identified and described. The most important factor affecting the competitiveness of the port is the development of port hinterlands. Development initiatives of these territories and the relations between them should be laid down in each port’s development plan. Remaining factors are regular shipping lines existence and value added services in ports. Other factors that influence the overall port position on the market are also being reviewed.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF MARKET OPPORTUNITIES FOR RASPBERRY PRODUCTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Katerina Bojkovska ◽  
Nikolce Jankulovski ◽  
Goran Mihajlovski ◽  
Jovica Momirceski
Keyword(s):  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
World Market ◽  
World Production ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Research Show

The purpose of the research in this paper is to analyze the production of raspberries in Republic of N. Macedonia and to perceive its place on the world market of raspberries, as well as to analyze the market opportunities for raspberry production in Republic of N. Macedonia. The results of the research show that Russia occupies 19% of world raspberry production for 2018 while Mexico occupies 15% of total raspberry production and Serbia occupies 15% of total raspberry production for 2018, i.e. it is the third largest producer in the world. The production of raspberries worldwide has increased by 7% in 2018 compared to 2017, while compared to 2010 this production worldwide has increased by 40%. Republic of N. Macedonia with its 33rd place occupies 0.03% of the total world production of raspberries in 2018 from a total of 45 countries. But despite the small share in world raspberry production in 2018, Republic of N. Macedonia records a drastic increase (by 96%) compared to 2010, while compared to 2017 it increased by 25%. Republic of N. Macedonia has the necessary conditions for the production of raspberries, but still this branch is not fully developed.

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