scholarly journals Reliability and accuracy of systems of the natural environ-ment control. Part 2

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-179
Author(s):  
V.A. Gaisky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Software Implementation ◽  
Field Representation ◽  
Process Measurement ◽  
System Information ◽  
Process Reconstruction ◽  
Control Part

The accuracy of field/process reconstruction from the field/process measurement data at the nodes of the space-time lattice is the main quality criterion for the control system. Due to the unreliability of the system, information from the lattice nodes is lost, which is equivalent to its thinning. There is an analytical connection between the error in the field representation and the number of nodes operating with a known probability. Approximate formulas estimating the increment of the error in the representation of processes and fields with power-law spectra with a decrease in the number of nodes N of the space-time lattice for are proposed. Real control systems are multichannel and retain partial useful operability in the event of a failure of a certain number of channels, i.e. they are redundant. Formulas for calculating the reliability of redundant shipborne sounding and towed devices, automatic buoy stations with meters on the horizons and with distributed thermopiles are derived. Towed systems, coastal stations and autonomous buoy stations should operate as long as possible. To build durable systems, the results obtained earlier in the theory of reliability by the author on the ineffectiveness of the static reserve, the fundamental inappropriateness of external diagnostics of faults by observing the inputs and outputs of devices, the possibility of ideal diagnostics of faults by replacing from the dynamic reserve are used. This is the only known method that provides optimal and ideal diagnostics of malfunctions regardless of the structure of the systems and, therefore, allows you to build recoverable and arbitrarily durable systems. The diagnostic method by replacing from the reserve in the software implementation is extended to a set of nodes of the space-time lattice for selecting information from the environment.

scholarly journals Information processing using the Kalman filter in Matlab Simulink

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Vladimir F. Telezhkin ◽  
◽  
Bekhruz B. Saidov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Control Device ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Software Algorithms ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Filter Noise

In this paper, we investigate the problem of improving data quality using the Kalman filter in Matlab Simulink. Recently, this filter has become one of the most common algorithms for filtering and processing data in the implementation of control systems (including automated control systems) and the creation of software systems for digital filtering from noise and interference, for example, speech signals. It is also widely used in many fields of science and technology. Due to its simplicity and efficiency, it can be found in GPS receivers, in devices for processing sensor readings for various purposes, etc. It is known that one of the important tasks that should be solved in systems for processing sensor readings is the ability to detect and filter noise. Sensor noise leads to unstable measurement data. This, of course, ultimately leads to a decrease in the accuracy and performance of the control device. One of the methods that can be used to solve the problem of optimal filtering is the development of cybernetic algorithms based on the Kalman and Wiener filters. The filtering process can be carried out in two forms, namely: hardware and software algorithms. Hardware filtering can be built electronically. However, it is less efficient as it requires additional circuitry in the system. To overcome this obstacle, you can use filtering in the form of programming algorithms in a single method. In addition to the fact that it does not require electronic hardware circuitry, the filtering performed is even more accurate because it uses a computational process. The paper analyzes the results of applying the Kalman filter to eliminate errors when measuring the coordinates of the tracked target, to obtain a "smoothed" trajectory and shows the results of the filter development process when processing an electrocardiogram. The development of the Kalman filter algorithm is based on the procedure of recursive assessment of the measured state of the research object.

scholarly journals Making roundness measurement applications and control systems on the Roundness Tester Machine

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Dodi Sofyan Arief ◽  
◽  
Eko Jadmiko ◽  
Adhy Prayitno ◽  
Muftil Badri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Center Point ◽  
Global Quality ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Roundness Deviation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dial Indicator ◽  
Roundness Measurement

Dial indicator is a comparison device usually used in industrial activities, especially in production. To make measurements at this time must be supported by technology that can facilitate operators when using it and when analyzing measurement results. Involving the programme and microcontroller are a solution to developing in roundness measurement, and then the results can be more accurate or thorough between the readable values read from the measuring instrument with the actual value of varying the amount of data. Roundness application is a program that can input measurement data automatically and can do calculations directly. Then, it can display a reference circle, a table that calculates the values of X, Y, R, X’, Y’, R’, Roundness Deviation, Run out Concentricity or a shift in the center point and also the center point shift or Theta. In measuring roundness, the test object is used the Standard Mandrel which has been certified by PT. Global Quality Indonesia, by determining three points or positions, namely in the first position the amount of data is 180, in the second position the amount of data is 90 and in the third position, the amount of data is 60 with a rotating speed of 15 mm/s. The results of the reference circle can be seen in each calculation in each position, in the second position the roundness deviation values are approaching of the Mandrel.

A Multi-Field Space-Time Finite Element Method for Structural Acoustics

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lonny L. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Space Time ◽  
High Order ◽  
Elastic Structure ◽  
Structural Acoustics ◽  
Field Representation ◽  
Element Discretization ◽  
Acoustic Fluid

Abstract A Computational Structural Acoustics (CSA) capability for solving scattering, radiation, and other problems related to the acoustics of submerged structures has been developed by employing some of the recent algorithmic trends in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), namely time-discontinuous Galerkin Least-Squares finite element methods. Traditional computational methods toward simulation of acoustic radiation and scattering from submerged elastic bodies have been primarily based on frequency domain formulations. These classical time-harmonic approaches (including boundary element, finite element, and finite difference methods) have been successful for problems involving a limited range of frequencies (narrow band response) and scales (wavelengths) that are large compared to the characteristic dimensions of the elastic structure. Attempts at solving large-scale structural acoustic systems with dimensions that are much larger than the operating wavelengths and which are complex, consisting of many different components with different scales and broadband frequencies, has revealed limitations of many of the classical methods. As a result, there has been renewed interest in new innovative approaches, including time-domain approaches. This paper describes recent advances in the development of a new class of high-order accurate and unconditionally stable space-time methods for structural acoustics which employ finite element discretization of the time domain as well as the usual discretization of the spatial domain. The formulation is based on a space-time variational equation for both the acoustic fluid and elastic structure together with their interaction. Topics to be discussed include the development and implementation of higher-order accurate non-reflecting boundary conditions based on the exact impedance relation through the. Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) map, and a multi-field representation for the acoustic fluid based on independent pressure and velocity potential variables. Numerical examples involving radiation and scattering of acoustic waves are presented to illustrate the high-order accuracy achieved by the new methodology for CSA.

Rectification of process measurement data in the presence of gross errors

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1849-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Romagnoli ◽  
G. Stephanopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Data ◽  
Process Measurement

Cybersecurity From Field to Host

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee A. Cysouw ◽  
Douglas C. Osburn ◽  
Nader M. Rabadi
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Data Monitoring ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
And Control ◽  
Remote Communications

Remote communications to field devices for data monitoring and controls has greatly reduced operating costs, reduced downtime, and helped to optimize our industry. With the ever growing threat of cyber-attacks, the need for securing that data is becoming a more common topic of discussion. Whether collecting SCADA or Measurement data from the field, doing remote configuration, or even sitting dormant, it is important to keep the line of communication to your devices secure. This presentation will discuss potential threats and examples of cyber-attacks. It will cover industry standards, types of cyber security, and the importance and best practices for securing data for Measurement and/or SCADA and control systems.

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