Preliminary Investigation of Thermal Behavior of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Incorporating Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Eggshell Powder

This study was performed to investigate the thermal and mechanical properties of foamed concrete when supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are utilized. Sustainable foamed concrete of 1800 kg/m3 dry density was prepared by incorporating Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) ranging from 30 % to 35 % and Eggshell Powder (ESP) from 5 % to 15 % as SCMs. It was found that the combined utilization of POFA and ESP in the foamed concrete produced favorable results by reducing the thermal conductivity up to 42.68 % compared to the control sample, thus enhanced thermal insulating property of foamed concrete. This study confirmed that recycling and reusing of POFA and ESP are possible in foamed concrete which could be used for non-structural applications where thermal insulating is required.

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Thermomechanical evaluation of sustainable foamed concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash and eggshell powder

Journal of Engineering Research ◽

10.36909/jer.v9i3a.8290 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3A) ◽

Author(s):

Ashfaque Ahmed Jhatial ◽

◽

Wan Inn Goh ◽

Noridah Mohamad ◽

Kim Hung Mo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽

Dry Density ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Exterior Surface ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Foamed Concrete ◽

Oil Fuel ◽

Mechanical Strengths

Increased usage of concrete contributes to urban thermal discomfort due to the Urban Heat Island effect. At the same time, the corresponding increased consumption of cement also causes a significant rise in carbon dioxide (CO2) gas emissions. This experimental work aims at evaluating the thermal and mechanical performance of 1800 kg/m3 dry density green sustainable foamed concrete (GFC) incorporating agroindustrial waste such as Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and Eggshell Powder (ESP) as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The POFA content varied from 15 to 35%, with increments of 5%, while being supplemented with 5% ESP. To evaluate the performance of the developed GFC, the flowability, mechanical strengths (compressive and splitting tensile strengths), and thermal performances (thermal conductivity and surface temperature) were investigated. Incorporation of 15-25% of POFA supplemented with 5% ESP as partial cement replacement materials resulted in enhanced mechanical strengths. Although usage of POFA can reduce the thermal conductivity, the POFA content must be limited to 15–25% to prevent excessive heat absorption by the exterior surface of the concrete. Overall, the optimum use of 15% POFA in a combination of 5% ESP is desirable to produce an eco-friendly sustainable foamed concrete.

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Incorporation of Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Egg shell Powder as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Sustainable Foamed Concrete

Tehnicki vjesnik - Technical Gazette ◽

10.17559/tv-20190326112511 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Cementitious Materials ◽

Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Foamed Concrete ◽

Egg Shell ◽

Oil Fuel ◽

Shell Powder

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Thermo-mechanical properties and sustainability analysis of newly developed eco-friendly structural foamed concrete by reusing palm oil fuel ash and eggshell powder as supplementary cementitious materials

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-13435-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ashfaque Ahmed Jhatial ◽

Wan Inn Goh ◽

Aamir Khan Mastoi ◽

Amirul Faiz Rahman ◽

Sufian Kamaruddin

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Cementitious Materials ◽

Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Sustainability Analysis ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Foamed Concrete ◽

Oil Fuel

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Physical and Mechanical Study of Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) based Geopolymer as a Stabilizer for Soft Soil

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.47836/pjst.28.s2.12 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (S2) ◽

Author(s):

Isam Adnan Khasib ◽

Nik Norsyahariati Nik Daud

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Soft Soil ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Dry Density ◽

High Plasticity ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Oil Fuel ◽

Geopolymer Binder

Construction of structures on soft soil is a challenging task and considered as one of the biggest concerns in geotechnical engineering. Binders that are environmentally friendly such as fly ash based geopolymer have been explored widely. In this study, the agro-waste material, Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) was used to produce an environmentally friendly geopolymer binder to be used in soft soil stabilization. POFA was used in three ratios; 10%, 20% and 30% of dry weight of soil to produce geopolymer. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was used as an alkali activator at 12 molarity along with sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). Physical properties of soil (Atterberg Limits, Plasticity Index, and Linear Shrinkage Limit) and compaction assessment; before and after mixing with the geopolymer binder were investigated. The studied soil was classified as an inorganic high plasticity silt (MH), according to the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). From compaction results; optimum moisture content (OMC) values showed a decreased pattern from 24.7% to 17.5%; and maximum dry density (MDD) increased from 1.37 Mg/m3 to 1.73 Mg/m3 for geopolymer with POFA ranging from 0% to 30% of the dry weight of soil, respectively. The optimum dosage of POFA based geopolymer was found to be 30% according to all tests mentioned. These properties suggest the potential use of the agro-waste based geopolymer binder to stabilize the soft soil.

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Drying Shrinkage, Sulphuric Acid and Sulphate Resistance of High-Volume Palm Oil Fuel Ash-Included Alkali-Activated Mortars

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su14010498 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 498

Author(s):

Ghasan Fahim Huseien ◽

Mohammad Ali Asaad ◽

Aref A. Abadel ◽

Sib Krishna Ghoshal ◽

Hussein K. Hamzah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sulphuric Acid ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Control Sample ◽

Drying Shrinkage ◽

High Volume ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Oil Fuel ◽

Durability Performance ◽

Alkali Activated

Nowadays, an alkali-activated binder has become an emergent sustainable construction material as an alternative to traditional cement and geopolymer binders. However, high drying shrinkage and low durability performance in aggressive environments such as sulphuric acid and sulphate are the main problems of alkali-activated paste, mortar and concrete. Based on these factors, alkali-activated mortar (AAM) binders incorporating high-volume palm oil fuel ash (POFA), ground blast furnace slag (GBFS) and fly ash (FA) were designed to enhance their durability performance against aggressive environments. The compressive strength, drying shrinkage, loss in strength and weight, as well as the microstructures of these AAMs were evaluated after exposure to acid and sulphate solutions. Mortars made with a high volume of POFA showed an improved durability performance with reduced drying shrinkage compared to the control sample. Regarding the resistance against aggressive environments, AAMs with POFA content increasing from 0 to 70% showed a reduced loss in strength from 35 to 9% when subjected to an acid attack, respectively. Additionally, the results indicated that high-volume POFA binders with an increasing FA content as a GBFS replacement could improve the performance of the proposed mortars in terms of durability. It is asserted that POFA can significantly contribute to the cement-free industry, thus mitigating environmental problems such as carbon dioxide emission and landfill risks. Furthermore, the use of POFA can increase the lifespan of construction materials through a reduction in the deterioration resulting from shrinkage problems and aggressive environment attacks.

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Chemical and Fresh State Properties of Foamed Concrete Incorporating Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Eggshell Ash as Cement Replacement

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i4.30.22307 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4.30) ◽

pp. 350 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sufian Kamaruddin ◽

Wan Inn Goh ◽

Ashfaque Ahmed Jhatial ◽

Muhammad Tahir Lakhiar

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Cement Replacement ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Fresh State ◽

Foamed Concrete ◽

Chemical Analysis Result ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽

Oil Fuel

Malaysia faces three major environmental problems, out of which solid waste and management is one of them. Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and eggshells are two agro-food waste materials which are produced in enormous quantities in Malaysia. Due to the characteristics possessed by eggshells and POFA, these waste materials can potentially be utilized in the production as cement replacement, reducing the use of cement which is one of the major production of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas emissions. This study was conducted to determine the chemical and fresh state properties of foamed concrete incorporating POFA and eggshell ash (ESA) as cement replacement. Based upon the results, it was observed that the increase in usage amount of POFA and ESA as cement replacement, the workability of foamed concrete reduced without blocking. For the chemical analysis result shows the POFA which had high amount of silicon dioxide and ESA having large amount of calcium oxide were compatible and could be used together as cement replacement. The use of ESA and POFA as cement replacement to reduce the cement consumption with various percentage of ESA (0% - 15%) and POFA (20% - 35%) in 1800 kg/m3 density of foamed concrete.

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Fresh and hardened properties of lightweight foamed concrete with palm oil fuel ash as filler

Construction and Building Materials ◽

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.04.015 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 39-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Siong Kang Lim ◽

Cher Siang Tan ◽

Ooi Yuan Lim ◽

Yee Ling Lee

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Foamed Concrete ◽

Hardened Properties ◽

Oil Fuel

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The Compressive Strength of Concrete Containing Eggshell Powder and Palm Oil Fuel Ash Cured in Tap Water and River Water

Journal of Engineering and Science Research ◽

10.26666/rmp.jesr.2019.1.6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 24-29

Author(s):

Mazizah Ezdiani Mohamad ◽

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

River Water ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Tap Water ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Concrete Mixtures ◽

Structural Applications ◽

Concrete Production ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Oil Fuel

Cement production is a major environmental problem that causes the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This study attempts to sustainably use palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and eggshell powder (ESP) as partial replacements for Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in concrete production. POFA and ESP are two wastes that need to be managed to reduce their detrimental environmental effects. As such compressive and slump tests were conducted on POFA-ESP-OPC concrete mixtures by replacing 10% of OPC with POFA-ESP. Two mediums of curing were used: tap water and river water. It was found that the compressive strength and slump resistance of these mixtures were within the ranges typically encountered in regular concrete mixtures indicating the viability of this procedure employed for structural applications.

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Palm Oil Fuel Ash-Based Eco-Friendly Concrete Composite: A Critical Review of the Long-Term Properties

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14227074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (22) ◽

pp. 7074

Author(s):

Mugahed Amran ◽

Yeong Huei Lee ◽

Roman Fediuk ◽

Gunasekaran Murali ◽

Mohammad Ali Mosaberpanah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Power Plants ◽

Cementitious Materials ◽

Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Material Sources ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Oil Fuel ◽

Electrical Generation

Rapid global infrastructural developments and advanced material science, amongst other factors, have escalated the demand for concrete. Cement, which is an integral part of concrete, binds the various individual solid materials to form a cohesive mass. Its production to a large extent emits many tons of greenhouse gases, with nearly 10% of global carbon (IV) oxide (CO2) emanating from cement production. This, coupled with an increase in the advocacy for environmental sustainability, has led to the development of various innovative solutions and supplementary cementitious materials. These aims to substantially reduce the overall volume of cement required in concrete and to meet the consistently increasing demand for concrete, which is projected to increase as a result of rapid construction and infrastructural development trends. Palm oil fuel ash (POFA), an industrial byproduct that is a result of the incineration of palm oil wastes due to electrical generation in power plants has unique properties, as it is a very reactive materials with robust pozzolanic tendencies, and which exhibits adequate micro-filling capabilities. In this study, a review on the material sources, affecting factors, and durability characteristics of POFA are carefully appraised. Moreover, in this study, a review of correlated literature with a broad spectrum of insights into the likely utilization of POFA-based eco-friendly concrete composites as a green material for the present construction of modern buildings is presented.

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