scholarly journals Effect of production environments on storage and physiological quality of maize seed

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Itala Thaísa Padilha Dubal ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
João Roberto Pimentel ◽  
Cristian Troyjack ◽  
Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Large Format ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Large Round ◽  
Physiological Characters

Storage is a factor that can affect seed quality as a function of latent damages. The losses that most contribute to the reduction in germination and vigor during storage are those caused by humidity, mechanical and temperature-related, that may interfere with seed quality throughout storage. The aim of this study was evaluating the physiological quality of maize seeds produced in two environments and classified in different formats compared to storage periods. The experiment was carried out in the 2016 harvest in two cultivation environments: Entre-Ijuís, RS and Pelotas, RS. Seeds were stratified by thickness through sieves with oblong holes and stratified into small round, large round, small flat and large flat. Growing environments influence the physiological characteristics of maize seeds. The flat and large format seeds have superior physiological quality for the measured physiological characters. The small and round seeds present lower values for germination, first germination count, emergence speed index, shoot dry matter of emergence seedlings and shoot dry matter of germination seedlings. Corn seeds when stored under controlled conditions remain for long periods without causing decreases in physiological quality.

scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SANITARY QUALITIES OF MAIZE LANDRACE SEEDS STORED UNDER TWO CONDITIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Stefanello ◽  
Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz ◽  
Ubirajara Russi Nunes ◽  
Cláudia Braga Dutra ◽  
Iana Somavilla
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Maize Landrace ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Physiological Quality

The preservation of seed quality during the storage period depends not only on the conditions during production and harvesting but also on the storage and maintenance of appropriate storage product conditions. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological and sanitary qualities of maize landrace seeds stored under two conditions. The maize seed batch varieties Oito carreiras, Cabo roxo and Lombo baio were used. Tests included germination, first count, cold test, accelerated aging and sanity. Based on the results it was concluded that the physiological quality of these seed varieties decreased with the storage period. The major fungi identified in the maize seeds during storage were from the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium, which caused deterioration and reduction of the physiological quality. Storage using a paper bag at a temperature of 10 °C did not prevent the deterioration of maize seeds but was more effective at preserving the quality of the seed compared with a plastic bag at room temperature.

scholarly journals Optimization and sensitivity analysis of fast ethanol assay in maize seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damrongvudhi Onwimol ◽  
Thunyapuk Rongsangchaicharean ◽  
Pitipong Thobunluepop ◽  
Tanapon Chaisan ◽  
Wanchai Chanprasert
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Hermetic Seal

Abstract: The evaluation of seed deterioration is very important to control the quality of the seeds stored. This study aimed to investigate the potential of fast ethanol assay for seed quality assessment of maize stored under different conditions. The first experiment was to determine the incubating temperature, incubating time, and amount of seed used in the assay. The results showed that the best protocol for the detection of headspace ethanol was incubation of 3 g of maize seed with 20% moisture content (wet basis) in a 20 mL gas chromatography vial at 70 °C for 1.5 h. The assay induced approximately 200-700 µg.L-1 of headspace ethanol, which was sufficient to identify seeds with different vigour levels. In the second experiment, the optimal conditions were used for quality assessment in aged maize seed stored for 12 months under different storage conditions. The increase in the ethanol production of stored maize seed under the controlled conditions (15 °C and 20% RH in the hermetic seal) was lower than under ambient conditions. The ethanol production levels of maize seed samples at the start of storage was significantly lesser than at six months storage (p < 0.05). The test limitations in deteriorated seed with different cultivars and ages will be discussed.

scholarly journals Physical and physiological quality of corn seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e7269108687
Author(s):  
Ítala Thaísa Padilha Dubal ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
João Roberto Pimentel ◽  
Cristian Troyjack ◽  
Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Maize Plants

The aimed to evaluate the physical and physiological quality, as well the field initial performance of different maize seeds size, produced in two growing environments.  It were used seeds of the Amarelo maize (Zea mays L.) genotype, where it were produced in two growing environments at Rio Grande do Sul, in the crops season of 2016/2017. The environment that the seeds are produced and the seeds form affect the maize plants initial growth. Flat seeds are tend to have a better performance on field in relation to the initial growth. The seedlings originated from Entre Ijuís-RS present superiority to shoot length, stem diameter, roots dry matter and shoot dry matter, while Pelotas-RS determines the sieves yield. The round and small seeds present lower sieves yield, shoot length, root length and stem diameter of maize seedlings.

scholarly journals Harvest Seasons and Physiological Quality of Buffel Grass cv. Aridus Seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Josiane Cantuária Figueiredo ◽  
Andréia Márcia Santos de Souza David ◽  
Dorismar David Alves ◽  
Hugo Tiago Ribeiro Amaro ◽  
Eduardo Fontes Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Buffel Grass ◽  
Seed Harvest ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Germination Vigor ◽  
Emergence Phase

The objective of this research is to study the maturation process of buffel grass cv. Aridus seeds in order to determine their best harvest season, aiming at maximum seed quality. During the inflorescence emergence phase, they were labeled upon showing from five to ten inflorescences emerged per m2. The first seed harvest was done 20 days after inflorescence emergence, and the other harvests were done at 5-day intervals, totaling six harvests. In each harvest season, the seeds were assessed as to water content, dry matter mass, germination, first germination count, seedlings emergence, emergence speed index, and electrical conductivity. The physiological maturity of buffel grass seeds (maximum germination, vigor and dry matter accumulation) occurs from 38 to 42 days after inflorescence emergence, moment when harvest must be done.

scholarly journals Physiological potential of corn seeds treated with different dosages of molybdenum and potassium

2021 ◽  
pp. 411-418
Author(s):  
Gisely Paula Gomes ◽  
◽  
Robison Alesandro de Queiroz ◽  
Lúcia Sadayo Assari Takahashi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Physiological Quality

Corn is important in agriculture for its dual is uses as food and animal feed. The use of quality seeds is fundamental for outcomes in the field. The treatment of seeds with molybdenum may increase the productive capacity and uniformity of the corn. For this to work, the amount applied to the seeds must be adequate to promote development and increase the final crop production. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify the effects of molybdenum and potassium application on the germination and vigor of corn seeds. The physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated by germination, first count, seedling length (shoot and root), seedling dry matter mass, emergence, and the cold test. Six treatments (T1–T6) were performed, with T1 free of molybdenum and potassium and the others with varying dosages. The seeds were treated with a commercial product that containing molybdenum and potassium. The design was completely randomized, with four replications and six treatments. Smaller doses of molybdenum resulted in a higher percentage of normal seedlings. Based on the length and dry mass of the seedlings, it was verified that maize seeds were negatively impacted by increasing doses of molybdenum and potassium. In the emergence tests in sand, treatments T5 and T6 presented a greater number of seedlings. The physiological quality of corn seeds was not significantly influenced by the application of molybdenum and potassium in the first count and germination results in the cold and germination tests.

scholarly journals Hydration curve and physiological quality of maize seeds subjected to water deficit

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Segalla Prazeres ◽  
Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Extended Phase ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hybrid Maize

The hydration pattern associated with the physiological quality of seeds can be an early indicator for the evaluation of seed quality. The present study aimed to evaluate the hydration pattern of seeds subjected, or not, to water restriction, and to relate these patterns to their physiological quality. The physiological quality of seeds from five maize strains (L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5) and four hybrids (HT1, HT2, HS1, and HS2) was initially determined using seed germination and vigor tests (accelerated ageing and electric conductivity). A completely randomized experimental design was used with four repeats for the physiological analyses and a regression analysis was performed in order to assess the behavior of the seeds over time. The hydration curve was determined by imbibing the seeds in distilled water (0.0 control) and in a -0.9-MPa osmotic solution of polyethylene glycol 6000. Water uptake by the seeds was found to follow a triphasic pattern in the absence of water stress (0.0 MPa); however, when exposed to a -0.9- MPa osmotic potential, an extended phase II was observed. Diversity was observed between the strains in terms of the hydration pattern of the seeds, which can influence the physiological quality of the hybrid seeds. Regarding the hybrids, a positive relationship was observed between the shortest time to root protrusion and the quality of the seeds, both with or without water restriction, which allows us to conclude that hydration pattern can be used as a parameter for the early evaluation of physiological quality in hybrid maize seeds.

scholarly journals Potassium leakage and maize seed physiological potential

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Victorio de Carvalho Miguel ◽  
Julio Marcos Filho
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Alternative Test ◽  
Seed Handling ◽  
Processing And Storage

Seed production usually requires fast decisions to improve the efficacy of seed handling during harvesting, processing and storage. Seed technologists have focused on the development or improvement of procedures which allow rapid and consistent identification of higher quality seed lots. This research verified the effectiveness of the potassium leachate test on the evaluation of the physiological potential of maize seeds in comparison to recommended seed vigor tests. Five seed lots of the hybrid Avant were submitted to the potassium leachate, standard germination, first count, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, field emergence and cold tests. The amount of potassium leachate was determined after seed imbibition for 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes, at 25°C; a flame photometer adjusted to 50 mug K+ mL-1 pattern and reading 50 was used to determine the amount of leached potassium. The potassium leachate test consistently ranked the seed lots according to their physiological quality in comparison to other tests, and is a new alternative test for maize seed quality control programs.

scholarly journals Lignification of the plant and seed quality of RR soybeans sprayed with herbicide glyphosate

Revista CERES ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
Cristiane Fortes Gris ◽  
Edila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Maria Laene de Moreira Carvalho ◽  
Rafael Parreira Diniz ◽  
Thaís de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

Differences in levels of lignin in the plant between conventional and transgenic cultivars RR has been reported by several authors, however, there are few studies evaluating the influence of spraying of glyphosate on the lignin in the plant and RR soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of RR transgenic soybean seeds and the lignin contents of plants sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. The assays were conducted both in greenhouse and field in the municipality of Lavras, MG, in the agricultural year 2007/08. The experiment was arranged in a splitplot design with four replicates, considering the treatments hand weeding and herbicide glyphosate as plots, and five RR soybean cultivars (BRS 245 RR, BRS 247 RR, Valiosa RR, Silvânia RR and Baliza RR) as splitplots. In the greenhouse, the cultivars tested were BRS 245 RR and Valiosa RR in a randomized block design with four replicates. The sprayings were carried out at stages V3, V7 and early R5 (3L/ha). The 1000 seed weight, mechanical injury, germination and germination velocity index, emergence velocity index, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and water soaking seed test, lignin content in the seed coat, in the stem and legumes were determined. The spraying of glyphosate herbicide, in greenhouse and field, did not alter the physiological quality of seeds and the lignin contents in the plant.

scholarly journals Size and vigor of Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan seeds harvested in Caatinga areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaciara de Souza Bispo ◽  
Danielle Carolina Campos da Costa ◽  
Samara Elizabeth Vieira Gomes ◽  
Gilmara Moreira de Oliveira ◽  
Janete Rodrigues Matias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Climate Variations ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstract: Angico is a species found in several environments in Brazil, with several applications. It is used in the timber industry and mainly in folk medicine. In order to verify a variation in the biometric characteristics and the quality of seeds from different mother-plants in different harvesting years, the following variables were studied: moisture content, diameter, density, electrical conductivity, fresh and dry matter of seedlings, germination percentage and kinetics, in a completely randomized design with a 2x3 factorial arrangement (lots x size). The obtained results showed that angico seeds from different lots showed different physiological quality, possibly due to the climate variations to which mother-plants were submitted in the different years. Seed size directly interferes with seedling growth under both controlled and greenhouse conditions, and it can be used as a vigor indicator for angico seeds.

scholarly journals CNSL Concentration and Natural Dyes Effects in Formulation of Botanical Pesticide on Sitophilus zeamais and Maize Seed Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dian Astriani ◽  
Wafit Dinarto ◽  
Aji Jatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Botanical Pesticide ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Push Down

Maize is an important commodity in Indonesia and is vulnerable to maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) during storage which can cause a 100% yield loss. Chasew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) is a botanical pesticide able to control S. zeamais. Increasing CNSL efficiency and effectiveness requires additional adjuvants, such as solvents and dyes. Natural dyes addition is intended to provide seed markers. This study aimed to determine the best CNSL and natural dye formulation to control maize weevil and maintain maize seeds quality during storage. The research was conducted from August to October 2018 at the Agronomy Laboratory, Faculty of Agroindustry, Yogyakarta Mercu Buana University. The research was a single factor consisted of seven treatments with four replications arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). Treatments were combinations of CNSL concentrations with the addition of natural dyes from suji leaf and teak leaves with one untreated control. The results of the research showed that CNSL as a seed treatment botanical pesticide could cause mortality and suppress S. zeamais populations and maintain the quality of maize seeds during storage for 12 weeks. Treatments with 20% CNSL formulation concentration and the addition of natural dyes both leaf pleomele or teak leaves could cause higher mortality and push down more populations and also could better maintain seed quality than 10 and 0% CNSL formulation concentrations.

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