Socio-demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patient with Thyroid Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
AKM Farhad Hossain ◽  
Md Mahmudur Rahman Siddiqui ◽  
Sayada Fatema Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant disease in endocrine system. It is an emerging public health issue associated with burden on the family, community and the nation. The aim of this study is to determine the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patient with thyroid cancer attending in tertiary hospital. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 246 thyroid cancer patients in two tertiary hospitals of Dhaka city from 01 July 2018 to 30 June 2019. The subjects were selected purposively following specific selection criteria and maintaining ethical issues. Data were collected by face to face interview using a semi-structured questionnaire and checklist. Data were analyzed by the statistical package for the social science (SPSS) version 23. Results: This study revealed that majority (74.4%) of respondents was female, married (72%), housewife (61.4%), rural respondent (41.1%) and had primary education (69%). Mean (± SD) age of the respondent was 37.85(±12.20) years (Range 14-70 years) and mean (± SD) monthly family income was Tk. 17681(±10602). Out of 246 cases, 204 (82.9%) was papillary and 42 (17.1%) was follicular carcinoma. Various clinical presentations included visible neck swelling in 225 (91.5%), swollen lymph node in 103 (41.9%), pain 90 (36.6%), Difficulties in swallowing 87 (35.4%), Hoarseness of voice in 141 (57.3%), cough along with swelling 47(19.1%), Difficulties in breathing due to swelling in 13(5.3%) of the patients. Conclusion: Incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide specially in female patients in 3rd and 4th decades of life. As thyroid cancer is a growing public health problem in Bangladesh, proper screening and early diagnostic facilities at all level should be available to measure its actual burden in the country. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 11, No. 1: Jan 2020, P 54-58

scholarly journals Individual-, Household-, and Community-Level Determinants of Childhood Undernutrition in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 233339281987655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moriam Khanam ◽  
Shafiun N. Shimul ◽  
Abdur Razzaque Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Childhood Undernutrition

Introduction: Childhood undernutrition is a crucial public health problem globally. The objective of this study is to measure the prevalence of childhood undernutrition and assess the distinct role of various factors on childhood undernutrition in Bangladesh. Methods: This study utilized the latest cross-sectional data from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2014. A total of 7256 data on children younger than 5 years old were analyzed. The undernutrition status of children was assessed by stunting (height-for-age), wasting (weight-for-height), and underweight (weight-for-age), while bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify various individual-, household-, and community-level factors of childhood undernutrition. Results: The prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight were 36.5%, 14.6%, and 32.5%, respectively. Along with various individual- and household-level factors (eg, age, recent diarrheal disease, fever, number of under-5 children in the household, mother’s education and nutritional status, and wealth status), community index, particularly regional and geographic variation of community, had significant role for childhood undernutrition in Bangladesh. Conclusion: Childhood undernutrition is an overwhelming public health issue in Bangladesh. In order to improve the nutritional status of under-5 children, interventions should take into account the various predictors discussed in this study. Indeed, a joint effort by the government, nongovernmental organizations, and the community is necessary to improve the childhood nutritional status in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Occupational Eye Trauma: a major public health issue in Rabat, Morocco

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y El Harrak ◽  
N Boutimzine ◽  
L O Cherkaoui
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Physicians ◽  
Eye Trauma ◽  
Consultation Time

Abstract Occupational eye trauma is a global cause of visual morbidity. According to the WHO, 55 million ocular lesions occur each year, and 1.6 million cases of total blindness caused by trauma. Although common in Morocco, these traumas have not been the subject of recent and targeted investigations. The objective of our work is to evaluate the frequency of occupational eye trauma per projectile, and to encourage the reinforcement of safety measures. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out in the Ophthalmic Emergency Department, at the University Hospital of Rabat, Morocco, and including all patients who presented to the same doctor’s consultation, between December 2016 and December 2018. The study involved 914 patients, 406 women and 508 men, with an average age of 36. The average consultation time is 35 days after the onset of symptomatology. In 2 years, and out of 914 people, 382 (42%) are victims of ocular trauma; and 167 are victims of projectile eye trauma during professional practice, an overall prevalence of 18%, or 51% of all trauma. The average age was 32 years, 92% of males. The average consultation time was 2 days after the accident. In addition, 75% of consultants for occupational eye trauma have a similar history of trauma, 3 out of 4 people. As a consequence, the study shows that 85% of these patients had a superficial corneal foreign body; 11% presented with a corneal ulcer without individualization of a foreign body; while 4% of these had a corneal wound, an intraocular foreign body and posttraumatic retinal detachment. Therefore, eye trauma is a real public health problem. They account for 42% of consultations, half of which are associated with professional activities, mainly affecting young and active men. If they are benign in most cases, these traumas can nevertheless cause blindness in 4%. The high number of recidivism (75%) highlights the lack of awareness of the target population for better prevention. Key messages The results of this work prove that occupational ocular trauma, avoidable circumstances, are however frequent in our context and can cause severe lesions, with a reserved prognosis. Workplaces with a high risk of eye trauma should strengthen their protective measures and training programs should be put in place for both workers and occupational physicians.

Anaemia in Ugandan preschool-aged children: the relative contribution of intestinal parasites and malaria

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
pp. 1534-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
HELEN K. GREEN ◽  
JOSE C. SOUSA-FIGUEIREDO ◽  
MARIA-GLORIA BASÁÑEZ ◽  
MARTHA BETSON ◽  
NARCIS B. KABATEREINE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Lake Systems ◽  
Preschool Aged Children

SUMMARYAnaemia is a severe public health issue among African preschool-aged children, yet little effective progress has been made towards its amelioration, in part due to difficulties in unravelling its complex, multifactorial aetiology. To determine the current anaemia situation and assess the relative contribution of malaria, intestinal schistosomiasis and infection with soil-transmitted helminths, two separate cross-sectional epidemiological surveys were carried out in Uganda including 573 and 455 preschool-aged children (⩽6 years) living along the shores of Lake Albert and on the islands in Lake Victoria, respectively. Anaemia was found to be a severe public health problem in Lake Albert, affecting 68·9% of children (ninety-five percent confidence intervals (95% CI) 64·9–72·7%), a statistically significant higher prevalence relative to the 27·3% detected in Lake Victoria (95% CI: 23·3–31·7%). After multivariate analysis (controlling for sex and age of the child), the only factor found to be significantly associated with increased odds of anaemia in both lake systems was malaria (Lake Albert, odds ratio (OR)=2·1, 95% CI: 1·4–3·2; Lake Victoria, OR=1·9, 95% CI: 1·2–2·9). Thus intervention strategies primarily focusing on very young children and combating malaria appear to represent the most appropriate use of human and financial resources for the prevention of anaemia in this age group and area. Looking to the future, these activities could be further emphasised within the National Child Health DaysPLUSagenda.

scholarly journals Clinical Presentation of Patients with Thyroid Cancer in Tertiary Level Hospitals

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
AKM Farhad Hossain ◽  
Md Abdul Wahab ◽  
Sayada Fatema Khatun ◽  
Farzana Zafreen
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Presentation Methods

Introduction: Thyroid malignancy is the most common endocrine malignancy seen in clinical practice. Incidence of thyroid cancer varies worldwide from 0.5 to 10 per 1,00,000 populations annually. Exact incidence of thyroid cancer in Bangladesh is not known. Aim: To find out the clinical presentation of patient with thyroid cancer and identify the association between socio- demographic features and clinical presentation. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted purposively among 246 thyroid cancer patients in two tertiary hospitals of Dhaka city from 01 July 2018 to 30 June 2019. Data were collected by face to face interview using semi-structured questionnaire and checklist and were  were analyzed by Statistical Package of Social Science v23. Results: Study revealed that mean±SD age of the respondent was 37.9±12.20years (range 14-70 years). Majority 74.4% of respondents was female, married 72%, housewife 61.4%, primary education 69.0% and mean±SD monthly family income was BDT 17,681±10,602. Approximately 82.9% of patients had papillary cancer and 17.1% had follicular cancer. Various clinical presentations included, neck swelling 91.5%, swollen lymph node 41.9%, pain 36.6%, dysphonia 57.3% and dysphagia 35.4%. Study revealed the significant association of clinical presentation with gender, education and occupation of the respondents (p<0.05). Conclusion: Incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide specially in female patients. As thyroid cancer is a growing public health problem in Bangladesh, proper screening and early diagnostic facilities at all level should be available to measure its actual burden in the country. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 1 (June) 2020: 22-25

scholarly journals Prevalence of underweight and it’s associated factors among children aged 6-59 months in Angolalla Tera district, Northeast Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leweyehu Alemaw Mengiste ◽  
Yoseph worku ◽  
Endeshaw Degie Abebe ◽  
Wondimeneh Shibabaw shiferaw
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northeast Ethiopia ◽  
The World

AbstractIntroductionUndernutrition is a major public health problem all over the world. In Ethiopia, the child malnutrition rate is one of the most serious public health problems and the highest in the world. High malnutrition rates in the country pose a significant obstacle to achieving better child health outcomes.ObjectivesThis study was aimed to assess the prevalence of underweight and its associated factors among 6-59months of age children in Angolela Tera district, northeast Ethiopia.MethodsA community based cross-sectional study was conducted by a simple random sampling technique with a sample size of 414 enrolled mothers with 6-59months of children. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data. The data was entered using EPI DATA version 3.1and analysis was done by SPSS version 24 and WHO Anthro software was used for anthropometry calculation. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used.ResultAmong 414 mothers with child pairs the result of the current study indicated that 15.9% (95% CI: 12.6-19.6)were underweight. Being male (AOR=1.8;95%CI;1.04-3.16), birth interval below 24 months (AOR3.2=95%CI;1.59-6.71), average monthly family income less than 1596ETB (AOR4.9=95%: CI;2.53-9.76), Children having diarrhea in the past two weeks before the data collection (AOR =9.06; 95% CI: 3.14-26.12), and children having diarrhea within two weeks (AOR=2.06;95%: CI;1.07-3.96) were significantly associated with underweight.ConclusionThis study revealed a high prevalence of underweight among children aged 6-59 months in the study area. All the concerned bodies should be strengthening the health extension program to improve and provide the necessary education for the community on nutritional programs, environmental sanitation, and diarrhea prevention.

scholarly journals Lightning Injury is a disaster in Bangladesh? - Exploring its magnitude and public health needs

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Animesh Biswas ◽  
Koustuv Dalal ◽  
Jahangir Hossain ◽  
Kamran Ul Baset ◽  
Fazlur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Lightning Injuries ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lightning Injury

Background: Lightning injury is a global public health issue. Low and middle-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world are most affected by lightning. Bangladesh is one of the countries at particular risk, with a high number of devastating lightning injuries in the past years, causing high mortality and morbidity. The exact magnitude of the problem is still unknown and therefore this study investigates the epidemiology of lightning injuries in Bangladesh, using a national representative sample. Methods: A mixed method was used. The study is based on results from a nationwide cross-sectional survey performed in 2003 in twelve randomly selected districts. In the survey, a total of 819,429 respondents from 171,336 households were interviewed using face-to-face interviews. In addition, qualitative information was obtained by reviewing national and international newspaper reports of lightning injuries sustained in Bangladesh between 13 and 15 May 2016. Results: The annual mortality rate was 3.661 (95% CI 0.9313–9.964) per 1,000,000 people. The overall incidence of lightning injury was 19.89/100,000 people. Among the victims, 60.12% (n=98) were males and 39.87% (n=65) were females. Males were particularly vulnerable, with a 1.46 times increased risk compared with females (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.06–1.99). Rural populations were more vulnerable, with a 8.73 times higher risk, than urban populations (RR 8.73, 95% CI 5.13–14.86). About 43% of injuries occurred between 12 noon and 6 pm. The newspapers reported 81 deaths during 2 days of electric storms in 2016. Lightning has been declared a natural disaster in Bangladesh. Conclusions: The current study indicates that lightning injuries are a public health problem in Bangladesh. The study recommends further investigations to develop interventions to reduce lightning injuries, mortality and related burden in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Occupational Eye Trauma: a major public health issue in France

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y El Harrak ◽  
S Naoum ◽  
O Khawaja ◽  
Y Salhi ◽  
S Laib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Eye Trauma

Abstract Occupational Eye Trauma (OET) is a global cause of visual morbidity. According to the WHO, 55 million ocular lesions occur each year, and 1.6 million cases of total blindness caused by trauma. The objective of our work is to evaluate the frequency of OET per projectile in France, to compare results to other similar studies, and therefore to encourage the reinforcement of safety measures. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out in the Ophthalmic Emergency Department, at the Intercommunal Hospital of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, France, including all patients who presented to the same doctor's consultation, between June 2019 and December 2019. The study involved 1730 patients, 700 women and 1030 men, with an average age of 40. In 7 months, 600 are victims of ocular trauma and 346 are victims of projectile during professional practice, a prevalence of 20% of all emergencies, or 57% of all trauma. The prevalence is higher within males, reaching 33% of all emergencies. The average age was 39, 99% of males. The average consultation time was 3 days after the accident. Besides, 66% of consultants already have a previous history of OET; and 59% were not using a safety protection. The study shows that 58% of patients had a corneal foreign body; 25% a corneal ulcer; 10% a conjunctival foreign body; while 2 cases (0.5%) presented a corneal wound requiring surgical management. Therefore, eye trauma is a real public health problem. They account for 35% of consultations, half of which are associated with professional activities, mainly affecting young and active men. The high rate of recidivism and non-respect of safety measures highlights the lack of awareness of the target population. Compared to the findings of a previous study lead in Morocco, the outcomes are almost identical, 20/18% in prevalence, 66/75% in recidivism. Results of this work shows that OET, avoidable circumstances, are however frequent, causing potential severe lesions, with a reserved prognosis. Key messages The results of this work prove that occupational ocular trauma, avoidable circumstances, are however frequent. Workplaces with a high risk of eye trauma should strengthen their protective measures and training programs should be put in place for both workers and occupational physicians.

scholarly journals Magnitude of anemia and associated factors among children aged 6–59 months at Debre Markos referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a hospital-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoseph Merkeb Alamneh ◽  
Tadesse Yirga Akalu ◽  
Abtie Abebaw Shiferaw ◽  
Aytenew Atnaf
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Debre Markos

Abstract Background Anemia, the most common micro-nutrient deficiency disorder, is the world’s second leading cause of morbidity and morbidity, affecting 24.8% of the population, of which 47.4% are under-five children. The prevalence of anemia ranges from 44 to 56% in Ethiopia. Although its magnitude has shown decreases across regions; it continues to be a significant public health problem, particularly in developing countries including Ethiopia. Despite this evidence, the magnitude and associated factors of anemia was not systematically explored and there is a limited information or limited evidences in the study area. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of anemia among children aged 6–59 months attending at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Markos referral hospital Northwest Ethiopia from September 30 to December 30, 2019. Data on socio-demographic and socio-economic factors, health and nutritional features of children and their mothers were obtained using pre-tested structured questionnaires in a face-to-face interview with child care providers. Blood samples and stool examination for intestinal parasites were performed. Hemoglobin level was analyzed using the HemoCue device (HemoCueHb 301). The collected data were coded, cleared and entered into Epi-Data version 3.1, and analyzed using Stata version 14 software. To identify candidates and predictor variables, bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied respectively. The significance level was determined at a confidence interval of 95% at p-value < 0.05. Results Of the total of 341 participants planned to be participated, about 310 mother-child pairs participated in the study, giving a response rate of 91%; and data were collected from children as well as their parents or guardians. In this study, the magnitude of anemia was 11.9% (95% CI, 8.5, 16.2%). Poor dietary diversity (AOR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.12, 5.14), food-insecure households (AOR = 3.24; 95% CI: 1.85, 4.52), complementary feeding initiation time (AOR = 3.20; 95% CI:1.23, 6.61), intestinal parasites infection (AOR = 3.20; 95% CI:1.23, 6.61) and family income (AOR = 2.87; 95% CI:1.57, 5.0) were found to be factors significantly associated with anemia. Conclusion Overall, anemia is considered a public health problem among children aged 6–59 months attending at Debre Markos referral hospital, based on the cut-off point of the World Health Organization. Poor dietary diversity, complementary feeding initiation time, household food insecurity, intestinal parasite infection and family income were significantly associated with childhood anemia. Thus, it needs for proven interventions in public health such as food diversification, anti-helmintic drug provision and household food security. In addition, educating women about nutrition and diet diversification, as well as involving them in alternative sources of income-generating activity, can be vital in the study area.

scholarly journals Obstetric Violence in Spain (Part III): Healthcare Professionals, Times and Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3359
Author(s):  
Desirée Mena-Tudela ◽  
Susana Iglesias-Casás ◽  
Víctor Manuel González-Chordá ◽  
María Jesús Valero-Chillerón ◽  
Laura Andreu-Pejó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Obstetric Violence

Background: Obstetric violence is a worldwide public health problem, which seems greater in Spain. As no studies were found that identify the most representative healthcare professionals, times, and areas involved in obstetric violence, the objective of this work was to study at what time of maternity, with which professionals, and in what areas women identified obstetric violence. Methods: This descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was performed from January 2018 to June 2019. The main variables were the area (hospital, primary care, both), the time (pregnancy, birth, puerperium), and the professionals attending to women. Results: Our sample comprised 17,541 participants. The area identified with the most obstetric violence for the different studied variables was hospitals. Women identified more obstetric violence at time of birth. Findings such as lack of information and informed consent (74.2%), and criticism of infantile behavior and treatment (87.6%), stood out. The main identified healthcare professionals were midwives and gynecologists, and “other” professionals repeatedly appeared. Conclusions: Having identified the professionals, times, and areas of most obstetric violence in Spain, it seems necessary to reflect on not only the Spanish National Health System’s structure and management but also on healthcare professionals’ training.

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