scholarly journals Measurement of natural radioactivity and its health hazards associated with the use of different branded cement samples collected from different manufactures in Dhaka city using gamma spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Shikha Pervin ◽  
Md Jafor Dewan ◽  
Ashif Mahamud Apon ◽  
MM Mahfuz Siraz ◽  
Selina Yeasmin
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Artificial Radioactivity ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides

The radioactivity of naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K was determined in thirteen cement samples collected from different manufactures of Dhaka city. The measurement was performed by gammaray spectrometry system using high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The average activity of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in cement samples are fon und to be 30.23±15.04 Bqkg-1, 20.10±11.76 Bqkg-1 and 145.27±24.14 Bqkg-1, respectively. The average values of radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed dose rates (D), internal hazard and external hazard index (Hex), and annual effective dose equivalent are 370 Bqkg-1, 0.27, 0.18, and 27.99 nGyh-1, respectively. The average annual effective dose is found 0.13 mSvy-1, which is less than the recommended value (1 mSvy-1) by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP-60, 1990), as the maximum permissible annual effective dose to the members of the public. The present study results are discussed and compared with those reported in similar studies and with internationally recommended values. No artificial radioactivity was found in the present study. The results show that the analyzed cement samples do not pose any significant radiation hazard from naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K reported here and also considered safe for use in buildings construction. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 45(1); 95-104: June 2021

scholarly journals Population doses from terrestrial gamma exposure in Serbia

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 78-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Dragovic ◽  
Ljiljana Jankovic-Mandic ◽  
Milan Momcilovic ◽  
Antonije Onjia
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
External Source ◽  
Gamma Dose ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides

Background: Terrestrial radiation emitted from naturally occurring radionuclides, such as 40K and radionuclides from the 238U and 232Th series and their decay products represent the main external source of irradiation to the human body. The purpose of this study was to provide a preliminary assessment of the doses from terrestrial exposure of population in Serbia and to estimate a potential radiation hazard for population inhabiting investigated areas. Methods: The gamma dose rates, external hazard indexes, and annual effective doses due to terrestrial naturally occurring radionuclides (238U, 232Th and 40K) were calculated based on their activities in soil samples in Serbia as determined by gamma-ray spectrometry. Results: The total absorbed gamma dose rate due to these radionuclides varied from 16.9 to 125 nGy h-1, with a mean of 62.8 nGy h-1. Assuming a 20% occupancy factor, the corresponding annual effective dose varied from 2.07 to 15.4?10-5 Sv with the mean value of 7.7?10-5 Sv, i.e. annual effective dose was in range of the world wide average values. Conclusion: According to the values of external hazard index obtained in this study (mean Hex = 0.35), the radiation hazard was insignificant for the population living in investigated areas.

Assessment of Annual Effective Dose for Natural Radioactivity of Gamma Emitters in Biscuit Samples in Iraq

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 1766-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALI ABID ABOJASSIM ◽  
LUBNA A. AL-ALASADI ◽  
AHMED R. SHITAKE ◽  
FAEQ A. AL-TEMEMIE ◽  
AFNAN A. HUSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Gamma Spectroscopy ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Hazard Indices ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Radium Equivalent ◽  
Radiation Hazard Indices

Biscuits are an important type of food, widely consumed by babies in Iraq and other countries. This work uses gamma spectroscopy to measure the natural radioactivity due to long-lived gamma emitters in children's biscuits; it also estimates radiation hazard indices, that is, the radium equivalent activity, the representative of gamma level index, the internal hazard index, and the annual effective dose in children. Ten samples were collected from the Iraqi market from different countries of origin. The average specific activities for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were 9.390, 3.1213, and 214.969 Bq/kg, respectively, but the average of the radium equivalent activity and the internal hazard index were 33.101 Bq/kg and 0.107, respectively. The total average annual effective dose from consumption by adults, children, and infants is estimated to be 0.655, 1.009, and 0.875 mSv, respectively. The values found for specific activity, radiation hazard indices, and annual effective dose in all samples in this study were lower than worldwide median values for all groups; therefore, these values are found to be safe.

scholarly journals Assessment of natural radioactivity levels and radon exhalation rate potential from various building materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Ivana Vukanac ◽  
Marija Jankovic ◽  
Milica Rajacic ◽  
Dragana Todorovic ◽  
Predrag Ujic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Sand Sample ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Radon Exhalation

Various imported building materials commonly used in construction and industry in Serbia were analyzed using gamma spectrometry. Based on the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in the investigated samples, radium equivalent activity, Raeq, absorbed dose rate, D, annual effective dose, DE, and the external hazard index, Hex, were calculated to assess the radiation hazard for people. The Raeq for most of the analyzed samples (416 in total) was lower than the maximum admissible value of 370 Bqkg-1 set in the UNSCEAR report. The absorbed gamma dose rate in air was found to vary from 0.030 mGyh-1 to 1.328 mGyh-1 which in some cases exceeded indoor dose rates in Europe. The obtained values for annual effective dose exceed the limits of 0.41 mSv given in literature for about 5 % of measured samples, while values of Hex were higher than unity for three samples of cement, eight samples of granite, and one sand sample. As a possible source of elevated effective dose, the radon exhalation from building materials was estimated using the parameters given in literature. The internal dose due to 222Rn exhaled from the building material was found to be up to nine times higher than external dose due to 226Ra content in some cases.

scholarly journals Radiation Risk Assessment on Public in Motijheel Thana, Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Mohammed Belayet Hossain ◽  
Dr. Mohammad Sohelur Rahman ◽  
Dr. Mohammad Amir Hossain Bhuiyan ◽  
Selina Yeasmin
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Radiation Monitoring ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Monitoring Device ◽  
The Real ◽  
Average Value

Objective: The pollution free environment is required for healthy life. The real-time radiation monitoring is very important for radiation hazard detection in the environment. The excess life-time cancer risk (ELCR) on public is to assess based on the real-time radiation monitoring data in the area. Methods: The real-time radiation monitoring was performed using portable digital radiation monitoring device. This real-time digital portable radiation monitoring device meets all European CE standards as well as the American “FCC 15 standard”. The real-time digital portable radiation monitoring device was placed at 1 meter above the ground on tripod and data collection time for each monitoring point (MP) was 1 hour. 27 MPs were chosen for collection of real-time radiation data at various outdoor environment in Motijheel Thana, Dhaka from May-August 2018.Results: The real-time radiation dose rates at Motijheel Thana due to natural radionuclides were ranged from 0.095 ± 0.041 µSv.h-1 to 0.185 ± 0.042 µSv.h-1 with an average of 0.147 ± 0.047 µSv.h-1. The annual effective dose to public from outdoor environmental radiation at Motijheel Thana were found to be 0.166 ± 0.066 mSv to 0.324 ± 0.061 mSv with an average of 0.257 ± 0.039 mSv. Excess Life-time Cancer Risk (ELCR) on public are also estimated based on annual effective dose that is ranged from 0.662 ×10-3 to 1.289 ×10-3 with an average value of 1.025 ×10-3, which is higher than world average value of 0.29×10-3. Conclusion: This type of study is required for detection of the radiation hazard arising from the natu-ral as well as man-made sources and also for generation of the baseline database. From this study, it is observed that there is no pose any radiation hazard in the study area due to man-made sources.

ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES LEVELS IN DRINKING WATER FROM OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6-7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Usikalu M. R. ◽  
Olawole C. O. ◽  
Joel E. S.
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
High Purity Germanium ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides ◽  
Effective Doses

Naturally occurring radionuclides levels of 238U, 232Th and 40K were investigated in the water samples collected at different boreholes in all the local government of Ogun State using high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector (Canberra Industries Inc.). The activity concentrations measured from the water samples ranged from 0.06 to 1.37 Bq l-1 for 238U, 0.15 to 0.52 Bq l-1 for 232Th and 1.35 to 12.74 Bq l-1 for 40K. The measured activities concentrations for 238U, 232Th and 40K along with their ingested dose conversion factors were used to estimate the annual effective doses in accordance with International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) based on age groups 0 -1y, 1 – 2y, 2 – 7y, 7 – 12y, 12 – 17y and >17y for water consumption. The total annual effective doses calculated varied from 0.004 to 0.517, 0.002 to 0.092, 0.001 to 0.078, 0.001 to 0.076, 0.024 to 0.110 and 0.002 to 0.117 for the age groups accordingly. The physiochemical results showed that 85% of the water was acidic as they have pH less than 6.5 and 65 % of them exceeded the copper concentration recommended limit. It revealed that consumption of the water is safe from natural background radiation for all groups except 0-1 y as the annual effective dose obtained for this group exceeded the average world limit (0.12). The study therefore, suggests that Ogun State populace should use less of these water samples for babies between the age 0-1 year.

scholarly journals Assessment of Natural Radioactivity Level and Annual Effective Dose of Amber Rice Samples Cultivated in the South of Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Abdulridha S. Younis ◽  
Nada F. Tawfiq
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Rice Consumption ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
South Of Iraq

In this work, the activity concentrations of naturally occurring radioactive material including 238U, 232Th, and 40K were measured of some amber rice samples cultivated in southern Baghdad and Al Najaf governorate and used in Baghdad governorate, Iraq in 2018, using gamma-ray spectrometer with NaI (Tl) detector. The results show that the activity concentrations for 238U ranged from (2.68 to 10.81) Bq/kg with average 5.94 Bq/kg, 232Th ranged from (B.D.L to 3.37) Bq/kg with average 2.65 Bq/kg, and for 40K ranged from (4.48 to 35.7) Bq/kg with average 16.84 Bq/kg. The annual effective dose from rice consumption by adults for 238U, 232Th, and 40K ranged from (0.41 to 1.6) x10-5 Sv/y with average 0.9 x10-5 Sv/y, (B.D.L to 0.42) x10-5 Sv/y with average 0.2 x10-5 Sv/y, and (0.17 to 1.2) x10-5 Sv/y with average 0.45 x10-5 Sv/y respectively. All values of the average specific activities are less than the global average values of ICRP, and the annual effective dose from rice consumption by adults was lower than the permissible limit of (1 m Sv/y) recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE EQUILIBRIUM FACTOR ON THE ESTIMATED ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE FROM INHALED RADON DECAY PRODUCTS IN SELECTED WORKPLACES

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-191
Author(s):  
Petr P S Otahal ◽  
Ivo Burian ◽  
Eliska Fialova ◽  
Josef Vosahlik
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Equilibrium Factor ◽  
Decay Products ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Radon Decay ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Dose Coefficients

Abstract Measurements of activity concentration of radon gas and radon decay products were carried out in several workplaces including schools, radium spas, swimming pools, water treatment plants, caves and former mines. Based on these measurements, annual effective doses to workers were estimated and values of the equilibrium factor, F, were calculated. This paper describes the different approaches used to estimate the annual effective dose based on the dose coefficients recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Using the measured F values as opposed to the default F value of 0.4 changed the doses by about 5–95% depending mainly upon the ventilation conditions of the workplace.

Activity Concentrations of Natural Radionuclides in Soils of Rainforest Sites in Western Ghats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Manigandan ◽  
K K Natrajan
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Gamma Dose ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Gamma Dose Rates ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides ◽  
Radiological Hazard Indices

Assessments of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil collected from a tropical rainforest forest of western Ghats, India were conducted. These radionuclides were distributed unevenly in the forest soil. For all soil samples, the terrestrial gamma dose rate and the corresponding outdoor annual effective dose equivalents were evaluated. The activity concentration of 232Th and average outdoor gamma dose rates were found to be higher than the global average which appears to affects Western Ghats environment in general, the radiological hazard indices were found to be within the International Commission on Radiological Protection recommended limits. Hence, obtained results for natural radionuclides in the forest soils were within the range specified by UNSCEAR (2000) report for virgin soils except 232Th.

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