scholarly journals The Mechanisms and Physiological Consequences of Diurnal Hepatic Cell Size Fluctuations: A Brief Review.

2022 ◽  
Vol 56 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Hepatic Cell ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Normal Liver Function ◽  
Liver Size ◽  
Daily Changes ◽  
Diurnal Regulation

Liver size in mammals fluctuates throughout the day and correlates with changes in hepatocyte size. However, the role of these daily changes in liver and hepatocyte size and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this review, we highlight the view that hepatocyte size, and thus, overall organ size, is subject to regulation by the circadian clock and feeding/fasting cycles. To that end, we provide an overview of the current literature dealing with this phenomenon and elaborate the role of feeding and nutrients in this process. We will discuss the role of hepatic protein content and synthesis, which are both subject to diurnal regulation, in daily hepatocyte and liver size fluctuations. Although there is evidence that changes in hepatocyte and liver size are associated with daily variations in macromolecule content, there is also evidence that these changes in size may be actively regulated by modifications of the cells' osmotic environment. Future research will need to examine the intriguing possibility that hepatocyte and liver size fluctuations may be required for normal liver function and to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms behind this process.

Intestinal ischemic shock and the protective role of the liver

1959 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewald E. Selkurt
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Circulatory Collapse ◽  
Normal Liver Function

A study has been made of the effects of intestinal ischemia of 2 hours' duration on hemodynamics and survival time of mongrel dogs. When the arterial supply to the liver was kept intact during ischemia of the remainder of the splanchnic bed, circulatory collapse ensued at an average time of 7 hours after release of the ischemic compression. When the blood supply to the liver was virtually eliminated, survival was reduced to an average of less than 3 hours ( P = <0.02). The view is favored that the anoxic intestine elaborates a vasotoxic substance, which in the absence of normal liver function invades the systemic circulation with deleterious consequences on the cardiovascular system. The nature of this substance or substances is unknown, as is its specific mode of action.

Management of Obscurely Dilated Common Bile Duct with Normal Liver Function Tests: A Pragmatic Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundeep Singh Saluja ◽  
Vaibhav Kumar Varshney ◽  
Vidya Sharada Bhat ◽  
Phani Kumar Nekarakanti ◽  
Asit Arora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Normal Liver Function ◽  
Function Tests

The role of heredity in cancer.

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
E G Levine ◽  
R A King ◽  
C D Bloomfield
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Familial Cancer ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
A Minor

Heredity is generally felt to play a minor role in the development of cancer. This review critically examines this assumption. Topics discussed include evidence for heritable predisposition in animals and humans; the potential importance of genetic-environmental interactions; approaches that are being used to successfully locate genes responsible for heritable predisposition; comparability of genetic findings among heritable and corresponding sporadic malignancies; and future research directions. Breast, colon, and lung cancer are used to exemplify clinical and research activity in familial cancer; clinical phenotypes, segregation and linkage analyses, models for environmental interactions with inherited traits, and molecular mechanisms of tumor development are discussed. We conclude that the contribution of heredity to the cancer burden is greater than generally accepted, and that study of heritable predisposition will continue to reveal carcinogenic mechanisms important to the development of all cancers.

Persistently raised aspartate aminotransferase (AST) due to macro-AST in a rheumatology clinic

Diagnosis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wycliffe Mbagaya ◽  
Joanne Foo ◽  
Ahai Luvai ◽  
Claire King ◽  
Sarah Mapplebeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Normal Liver Function ◽  
Rheumatology Clinic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Liver Biopsies

AbstractMacrocomplexes between immunoglobins and aspartate aminotransferase (macro-AST) may result in persistently increased AST concentration. The presence of macro-AST in patients has been implicated in unnecessary investigations of abnormal liver function tests. We report the case of a 44-year-old female who presented to the rheumatology clinic with a 12-months’ history of constant widespread pain affecting her limbs and was found to have an elevated AST concentration. Further information from her GP revealed a 14-years’ history of elevated AST with otherwise normal liver function. Previous abdominal ultrasound and two liver biopsies carried out 2 years apart were normal. This prompted further analytical investigation by the biochemistry department which identified macro-AST as the cause. This case illustrates that persistently raised isolated AST concentration with no other abnormal indices may warrant macroenzyme analysis potentially avoiding unnecessary invasive investigations.

scholarly journals Mildly elevated succinylacetone and normal liver function in compound heterozygotes with pathogenic and pseudodeficient FAH alleles

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Yang ◽  
Francis Rossignol ◽  
Denis Cyr ◽  
Rachel Laframboise ◽  
Shu Pei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Normal Liver Function ◽  
Compound Heterozygotes

Case 1.4

2014 ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
Christine U. Lee ◽  
James F. Glockner
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Normal Liver Function ◽  
Nonproductive Cough

67-year-old woman status post fundoplication 2 months ago, with development of fever and nonproductive cough shortly afterward; laboratory tests revealed normal liver function and an increased neutrophil count Coronal SSFSE image (Figure 1.4.1) and axial fat-suppressed T2-weighted FSE image (Figure 1.4.2...

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document