scholarly journals Combining Chronic Ischemic Preconditioning and Inspiratory Muscle Warm-Up to Enhance On-Ice Time-Trial Performance in Elite Speed Skaters

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Richard ◽  
François Billaut
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Trial Performance

scholarly journals Inspiratory muscle warm-up does not improve cycling time-trial performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 (9) ◽  
pp. 1821-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Johnson ◽  
I. R. Gregson ◽  
D. E. Mills ◽  
J. T. Gonzalez ◽  
G. R. Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Time Trial ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Cycling Time Trial ◽  
Cycling Time ◽  
Trial Performance

scholarly journals Whole-body active warm-up and inspiratory muscle warm-up do not improve running performance when carrying thoracic loads

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 810-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Faghy ◽  
Peter I. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Time Trial ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Running Time ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Pressure Threshold ◽  
Common Task ◽  
Trial Performance

Whole-body active warm-ups (AWU) and inspiratory muscle warm-up (IMW) prior to exercise improves performance on some endurance exercise tasks. This study investigated the effects of AWU with and without IMW upon 2.4-km running time-trial performance while carrying a 25-kg backpack, a common task and backpack load in physically demanding occupations. Participants (n = 9) performed five 2.4-km running time-trials with a 25-kg thoracic load preceded in random order by (i) IMW comprising 2 × 30 inspiratory efforts against a pressure-threshold load of 40% maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax), (ii) 10-min unloaded running (AWU) at lactate turnpoint (10.33 ± 1.58 km·h−1), (iii) placebo IMW (PLA) comprising 5-min breathing using a sham device, (iv) AWU+IMW, and (v) AWU+PLA. Pooled baseline PImax was similar between trials and increased by 7% and 6% following IMW and AWU+IMW (P < 0.05). Relative to baseline, pooled PImax was reduced by 9% after the time-trial, which was not different between trials (P > 0.05). Time-trial performance was not different between any trials. Whole-body AWU and IMW performed alone or combination have no ergogenic effect upon high-intensity, short-duration performance when carrying a 25-kg load in a backpack.

Jump-Rope Training: Improved 3-km Time-Trial Performance in Endurance Runners via Enhanced Lower-Limb Reactivity and Foot-Arch Stiffness

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 927-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe García-Pinillos ◽  
Carlos Lago-Fuentes ◽  
Pedro A. Latorre-Román ◽  
Antonio Pantoja-Vallejo ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
Keyword(s):  
Time Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Endurance Running ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Foot Arch ◽  
Endurance Runners ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Trial Performance

Context: Plyometric training promotes a highly effective neuromuscular stimulus to improve running performance. Jumping rope (JR) involves mainly foot muscles and joints, due to the quick rebounds, and it might be considered a type of plyometric training for improving power and stiffness, some of the key factors for endurance-running performance. Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of JR during the warm-up routine of amateur endurance runners on jumping performance, reactivity, arch stiffness, and 3-km time-trial performance. Methods: Athletes were randomly assigned to an experimental (n = 51) or control (n = 45) group. Those from the control group were asked to maintain their training routines, while athletes from the experimental group had to modify their warm-up routines, including JR (2–4 sessions/wk, with a total time of 10–20 min/wk) for 10 weeks. Physical tests were performed before (pretest) and after (posttest) the intervention period and included jumping performance (countermovement-jump, squat-jump, and drop-jump tests), foot-arch stiffness, and 3-km time-trial performance. Reactive strength index (RSI) was calculated from a 30-cm drop jump. Results: The 2 × 2 analysis of variance showed significant pre–post differences in all dependent variables (P < .001) for the experimental group. No significant changes were reported in the control group (all P ≥ .05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between Δ3-km time trial and ΔRSI (r = −.481; P < .001) and ΔStiffness (r = −.336; P < .01). The linear-regression analysis showed that Δ3-km time trial was associated with ΔRSI and ΔStiffness (R2 = .394; P < .001). Conclusions: Compared with a control warm-up routine prior to endurance-running training, 10 weeks (2–4 times/wk) of JR training, in place of 5 minutes of regular warm-up activities, was effective in improving 3-km time-trial performance, jumping ability, RSI, and arch stiffness in amateur endurance runners. Improvements in RSI and arch stiffness were associated with improvements in 3-km time-trial performance.

Effects of Varying Post-Warm-Up Recovery Time on 200-m Time-Trial Swim Performance

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Zochowski ◽  
Elizabeth Johnson ◽  
Gordon G. Sleivert
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Trial Performance

Context:Warm-up before athletic competition might enhance performance by affecting various physiological parameters. There are few quantitative data available on physiological responses to the warm-up, and the data that have been reported are inconclusive. Similarly, it has been suggested that varying the recovery period after a standardized warm-up might affect subsequent performance.Purpose:To determine the effects of varying post-warm-up recovery time on a subsequent 200-m swimming time trial.Methods:Ten national-caliber swimmers (5 male, 5 female) each swam a 1500-m warm-up and performed a 200-m time trial of their specialty stroke after either 10 or 45 min of passive recovery. Subjects completed 1 time trial in each condition separated by 1 wk in a counterbalanced order. Blood lactate and heart rate were measured immediately after warm-up and 3 min before, immediately after, and 3 min after the time trial. Rating of perceived exertion was measured immediately after the warm-up and time trial.Results:Time-trial performance was significantly improved after 10 min as opposed to 45 min recovery (136.80 ± 20.38 s vs 138.69 ± 20.32 s, P < .05). There were no significant differences between conditions for heart rate and blood lactate after the warm-up. Pre-time-trial heart rate, however, was higher in the 10-min than in the 45-min rest condition (109 ± 14 beats/min vs 94 ± 21 beats/min, P < .05).Conclusions:A post-warm-up recovery time of 10 min rather than 45 min is more beneficial to 200-m swimming time-trial performance.

scholarly journals The Effects of Warm-up Duration on Cycling Time Trial Performance in Trained Cyclists

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Bunn ◽  
L. Chris Eschbach ◽  
Meir Magal ◽  
Elizabeth K. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Time Trial ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Cycling Time Trial ◽  
Cycling Time ◽  
Trial Performance

scholarly journals Lower limb ischemic preconditioning combined with dietary nitrate supplementation does not influence time-trial performance in well-trained cyclists

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 852-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke C. McIlvenna ◽  
David J. Muggeridge ◽  
Laura J. Forrest (Nee Whyte) ◽  
Chris Monaghan ◽  
Luke Liddle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation ◽  
Trial Performance

Ischemic Preconditioning Improves Time Trial Performance at Moderate Altitude

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
PÉNÉLOPE PARADIS-DESCHÊNES ◽  
DENIS R. JOANISSE ◽  
FRANÇOIS BILLAUT
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Moderate Altitude ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Trial Performance

scholarly journals The Effect of Lower Body Anaerobic Pre-Loading on Upper Body Ergometer Time Trial Performance

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Priit Purge ◽  
Dmitri Valiulin ◽  
Allar Kivil ◽  
Alexander Müller ◽  
Gerhard Tschakert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
The Other ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
College Level ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Double Poling ◽  
Trial Performance

Pre-competitive conditioning has become a substantial part of successful performance. In addition to temperature changes, a metabolic conditioning can have a significant effect on the outcome, although the right dosage of such a method remains unclear. The main goal of the investigation was to measure how a lower body high-intensity anaerobic cycling pre-load exercise (HIE) of 25 s affects cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses in subsequent upper body performance. Thirteen well-trained college-level male cross-country skiers (18.1 ± 2.9 years; 70.8 ± 7.6 kg; 180.6 ± 4.7 cm; 15.5 ± 3.5% body fat) participated in the study. The athletes performed a 1000-m maximal double-poling upper body ergometer time trial performance test (TT) twice. One TT was preceded by a conventional low intensity warm-up (TTlow) while additional HIE cycling was performed 9 min before the other TT (TThigh). Maximal double-poling performance after the TTlow (225.1 ± 17.6 s) was similar (p > 0.05) to the TThigh (226.1 ± 15.7 s). Net blood lactate (La) increase (delta from end of TT minus start) from the start to the end of the TTlow was 10.5 ± 2.2 mmol L−1 and 6.5 ± 3.4 mmol L−1 in TThigh (p < 0.05). La net changes during recovery were similar for both protocols, remaining 13.5% higher in TThigh group even 6 min after the maximal test. VCO2 was lower (p < 0.05) during the last 400-m split in TThigh, however during the other splits no differences were found (p < 0.05). Respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was significantly lower in TThigh in the third, fourth and the fifth 200 m split. Participants individual pacing strategies showed high relation (p < 0.05) between slower start and faster performance. In conclusion, anaerobic metabolic pre-conditioning leg exercise significantly reduced net-La increase, but all-out upper body performance was similar in both conditions. The pre-conditioning method may have some potential but needs to be combined with a pacing strategy different from the usual warm-up procedure.

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