scholarly journals Effects of Organic Polymer Compound Material on K+ and Na+ Distribution and Physiological Characteristics of Cotton Under Saline and Alkaline Stresses

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Mengjie An ◽  
Kaiyong Wang ◽  
Hua Fan ◽  
Jiaohua Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Polymer Compound ◽  
Stem Girdling

Soil salinization and alkalization greatly restrict crop growth and yield. In this study, NaCl (8 g kg−1) and Na2CO3 (8 g kg−1) were used to create saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton in pot cultivation in the field, and organic polymer compound material (OPCM) and stem girdling were applied before cotton sowing and at flowering and boll-forming stage, respectively, aiming to determine the effects of OPCM on K+ and Na+ absorption and transport and physiological characteristics of cotton leaf and root. The results showed that after applying the OPCM, the Na+ content in leaf of cotton under saline stress and alkaline stress were decreased by 7.72 and 6.49%, respectively, the K+/Na+ ratio in leaf were increased by 5.65 and 19.10%, respectively, the Na+ content in root were decreased by 9.57 and 0.53%, respectively, the K+/Na+ ratio in root were increased by 65.77 and 55.84%, respectively, and the transport coefficients of K+ and Na+ from leaf to root were increased by 39.59 and 21.38%, respectively. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), and the relative electrical conductivity (REC) in cotton leaf were significantly increased, while the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased; but the changes in those in root were not significant. The boll weights were increased by 11.40 and 13.37%, respectively, compared with those for the control. After stem girdling, the application of OPCM still promoted the ion transport of cotton organs; moreover, the CAT activity in root was increased by 25.09% under saline stress, and the SOD activity in leaf and CAT in root were increased by 42.22 and 6.91%, respectively under alkaline stress. Therefore, OPCM can significantly change the transport of K+ and Na+ to maintain the K+ and Na+ homeostasis in leaf and root, and regulate physiological and biochemical indicators to alleviate the stress-induced damage. Besides, the regulation effect of OPCM on saline stress was better than that on alkaline stress.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analyses on Compound Material Regulating Saline Stress and Alkaline Stress on Cotton

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie An ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Doudou Chang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Dashuang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract Background: Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity in the world. Evaluating the persistence of the modifier applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of saline stress and alkaline stress. Result: To determine the molecular mechanism of cotton’s responses to the regulation of saline stress and alkaline stress by the modifier, in this study, cotton was planted in the salinized soil (NaCl 8g kg-1) and alkalized soil (Na2CO3 8g kg-1) after application of the modifier, and ion content, physiological characteristics, and transcription and sequencing of new leaves during the flowering and boll-forming stage of cotton were analyzed. The results showed that compared with saline stress, alkaline stress increased the content of Na+, K+, SOD, and MDA in leaves, and the application of modifier reduced the content of Na+ but increased the K+/Na+ ratio, the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, and REC. Transcriptome analysis revealed that after the application of the modifier, the Na+/H+ exchanger gene in cotton leaves was down-regulated, the K+ transporter, K+ channel and POD genes were up-regulated. Besides, the down-regulation of genes related to lignin synthesis in phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway was consistent with the study results of ion content and physiological characteristics in leaves. The quantitative analysis with PCR proved the reliability of the results of RNA sequencing.Conclusion: These findings indicate that the modifier alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the modifier regulating saline stress and alkaline stress.

scholarly journals Application of compound material alleviates saline and alkaline stress in cotton leaves through regulation of the transcriptome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie An ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Doudou Chang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Dashuang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Effects ◽  
Background Soil

Abstract Background: Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity. Evaluating the persistence of the compound material applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of the responses of cotton to saline and alkaline stresses. Result: To determine the molecular effects of compound material on the cotton’s responses to saline stress and alkaline stress, cotton was planted in the salinized soil (NaCl 8g kg -1 ) and alkalized soil (Na 2 CO 3 8g kg -1 ) after application of the compound material, and ion content, physiological characteristics, and transcription of new cotton leaves at flowering and boll-forming stage were analyzed. The results showed that compared with saline stress, alkaline stress increased the contents of Na + , K + , SOD, and MDA in leaves. The application of the compound material reduced the content of Na + but increased the K + /Na + ratio , the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and REC. Transcriptome analysis revealed that after the application of the compound material, the Na + /H + exchanger gene in cotton leaves was down-regulated, while the K + transporter, K + channel, and POD genes were up-regulated. Besides, the down-regulation of genes related to lignin synthesis in phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway had a close relationship with the ion content and physiological characteristics in leaves. The quantitative analysis with PCR proved the reliability of the results of RNA sequencing. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the compound material alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton leaves by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the compound material regulating the responses of cotton to saline stress and alkaline stress.

scholarly journals Application of compound material alleviates saline and alkaline stress in cotton leaves through regulation of the transcriptome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie An ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Doudou Chang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Dashuang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Effects ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract Background: Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity. Evaluating the persistence of the compound material applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of the responses of cotton to saline and alkaline stresses. Result: To determine the molecular effects of compound material on the cotton’s responses to saline stress and alkaline stress, cotton was planted in the salinized soil (NaCl 8g kg-1) and alkalized soil (Na2CO3 8g kg-1) after application of the compound material, and ion content, physiological characteristics, and transcription of new cotton leaves at flowering and boll-forming stage were analyzed. The results showed that compared with saline stress, alkaline stress increased the contents of Na+, K+, SOD, and MDA in leaves. The application of the compound material reduced the content of Na+ but increased the K+/Na+ ratio, the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and REC. Transcriptome analysis revealed that after the application of the compound material, the Na+/H+ exchanger gene in cotton leaves was down-regulated, while the K+ transporter, K+ channel, and POD genes were up-regulated. Besides, the down-regulation of genes related to lignin synthesis in phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway had a close relationship with the ion content and physiological characteristics in leaves. The quantitative analysis with PCR proved the reliability of the results of RNA sequencing.Conclusion: These findings suggest that the compound material alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton leaves by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the compound material regulating the responses of cotton to saline stress and alkaline stress.

scholarly journals Application of compound material alleviates saline and alkaline stress in cotton leaves through regulation of the transcriptome

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie An ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Doudou Chang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Dashuang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Effects ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract Background Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity. Evaluating the persistence of the compound material applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of the responses of cotton to saline and alkaline stresses. Result To determine the molecular effects of compound material on the cotton’s responses to saline stress and alkaline stress, cotton was planted in the salinized soil (NaCl 8 g kg− 1) and alkalized soil (Na2CO3 8 g kg− 1) after application of the compound material, and ion content, physiological characteristics, and transcription of new cotton leaves at flowering and boll-forming stage were analyzed. The results showed that compared with saline stress, alkaline stress increased the contents of Na+, K+, SOD, and MDA in leaves. The application of the compound material reduced the content of Na+ but increased the K+/Na+ ratio, the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and REC. Transcriptome analysis revealed that after the application of the compound material, the Na+/H+ exchanger gene in cotton leaves was down-regulated, while the K+ transporter, K+ channel, and POD genes were up-regulated. Besides, the down-regulation of genes related to lignin synthesis in phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway had a close relationship with the ion content and physiological characteristics in leaves. The quantitative analysis with PCR proved the reliability of the results of RNA sequencing. Conclusion These findings suggest that the compound material alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton leaves by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the compound material regulating the responses of cotton to saline stress and alkaline stress.

scholarly journals Application of compound material alleviates saline and alkaline stress in cotton leaves through regulation of the transcriptome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie An ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Doudou Chang ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Dashuang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Effects ◽  
Background Soil

Abstract Background: Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity. Evaluating the persistence of the compound material applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of the responses of cotton to saline and alkaline stresses.Result: To determine the molecular effects of compound material on the cotton’s responses to saline stress and alkaline stress, cotton was planted in the salinized soil (NaCl 8g kg -1 ) and alkalized soil (Na 2 CO 3 8g kg -1 ) after application of the compound material, and ion content, physiological characteristics, and transcription of new cotton leaves at flowering and boll-forming stage were analyzed. The results showed that compared with saline stress, alkaline stress increased the contents of Na + , K + , SOD, and MDA in leaves. The application of the compound material reduced the content of Na + but increased the K + /Na + ratio , the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and REC. Transcriptome analysis revealed that after the application of the compound material, the Na + /H + exchanger gene in cotton leaves was down-regulated, while the K + transporter, K + channel, and POD genes were up-regulated. Besides, the down-regulation of genes related to lignin synthesis in phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway had a close relationship with the ion content and physiological characteristics in leaves. The quantitative analysis with PCR proved the reliability of the results of RNA sequencing.Conclusion: These findings suggest that the compound material alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton leaves by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the compound material regulating the responses of cotton to saline stress and alkaline stress.

Functional analysis of the genotypic differences in response to calcareous-induced iron deficiency in pea plants (Pisum sativum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh Barhoumi ◽  
Hasna Ellouzi ◽  
Abdelmajid KROUMA
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Use Efficiency

Abstract Background Lime-induced iron deficiency in Pea plants is a major nutritional disorder causing severe plant growth and yield reduction in calcareous soils of Tunisia. Other the chemical fertilization for iron chlorosis correction, the exploration of the genotypic differences in response to this constraint remains the most efficient approach due to its coast, environmental benefits, and sustainability. This approach allows as to screen tolerant genotypes and identify useful traits of tolerance. Results calcareous-induced iron deficiency reduced SPAD index, plant growth, net photosynthesis, and tissues Fe concentration against a significant stimulation of the oxidative stress indicators, H2O2 and Malondialdehyde (MDA). In the same time, we have reported significant induction of SOD activity in shoots and CAT activity in roots of the genotype Alexandra (ne clear behavior observed in the other genotypes). Fe use efficiency increased on calcareous soil and clearly discriminates the studied genotypes. Conclusion Genotypic differences were observed, and Alex was found to be the most tolerant. This genotype protect its tissues against oxidative stress by stimulating SOD activity in shoots and CAT içn roots, and expressed significant efficiency of Fe uptake and use on calcareous soil. The Fe use efficiency for photosynthesis and for SOD and CAT activities clearly discriminates the studied genotypes and can be used as a useful trait for further screening programs.

scholarly journals Effects of different treatments of pH on growth and photosynthesis of Phoebe bournei seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
BAO Haiyue ◽  
ZHOU Mingqin ◽  
WU Yuemiao ◽  
FEI Yongjun
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Acid Stress ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Alkaline Environment ◽  
Acid Environment ◽  
Physiological Indexes ◽  
Phoebe Bournei

To provide theoretical basis for the cultivation and landscape application of Phoebe bournei seedlings, the photosynthetic and physiological characteristics of the seedlings were determined in the experience. In this study, the growth, photosynthesis and physiological indexes of P. bournei seedlings under different pH conditions were tested every 15 days for a total of 45 days by using 2-year-old seedlings with different solutions with ph of 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 8.5 and 9.0 as 7 different irrigation treatments. The results showed that the growth of P. bournei seedlings grew significantly in acid environment and inhibited in alkaline environment, and the growth rate of plant height in acid environment is significantly higher than natural condition of ph7.0. The chlorophyll and carotenoid contents increase with the increase of acid, and decrease in alkaline environment above ph8.0, which indicate that P. bournei seedlings has better adaptability to acid environment than alkaline environment. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr) of P. bournei seedlings reach the highest level at pH6.0, and the stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) reach the highest level at pH 4.0. However, these indicators are low in alkaline environment above pH 8.0. Under acid stress, all physiological indexes of P. bournei are increased; under alkaline stress, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the soluble protein (SP) content show a trend of increasing, and the peroxidase (POD) activity, MDA content and proline (Pro) show a trend of decreasing later under the treatment of pH 8.5 ~ 9.0. According to all the above, P. bournei seedlings has good tolerance to acid environment, and the suitable pH value of solution for P. bournei seedlings growth is pH 5.0-8.0.

scholarly journals Ion homeostasis and Na+ transport-related gene expression in two cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties under saline, alkaline and saline-alkaline stresses

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256000
Author(s):  
Jialin Sun ◽  
Shuangnan Li ◽  
Huijuan Guo ◽  
Zhenan Hou
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Cotton Variety ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Tolerant Variety ◽  
Internal Mechanism

The sensitivity of cotton to salt stress depends on the genotypes and salt types. Understanding the mechanism of ion homeostasis under different salt stresses is necessary to improve cotton performance under saline conditions. A pot experiment using three salt stresses saline stress (NaCl+Na2SO4), alkaline stress (Na2CO3+NaHCO3), and saline-alkaline stress (NaCl+Na2SO4+Na2CO3+NaHCO3) and two cotton varieties (salt-tolerant variety L24 and salt-sensitive variety G1) was conducted. The growth, ion concentrations, and Na+ transport-related gene expression in the cotton varieties were determined. The inhibitory effects of saline-alkaline stress on cotton growth were greater than that of either saline stress or alkaline stress alone. The root/shoot ratio under alkaline stress was significantly lower than that under saline stress. The salt-tolerant cotton variety had lower Na and higher K concentrations in the leaves, stems and roots than the salt-sensitive variety under different salt stresses. For the salt-sensitive cotton variety, saline stress significantly inhibited the absorption of P and the transport of P, K, and Mg, while alkaline stress and saline-alkaline stress significantly inhibited the uptake and transport of P, K, Ca, Mg, and Zn. Most of the elements in the salt-tolerant variety accumulated in the leaves and stems under different salt stresses. This indicated that the salt-tolerant variety had a stronger ion transport capacity than the salt-sensitive variety under saline conditions. Under alkaline stress and salt-alkaline stress, the relative expression levels of the genes GhSOS1, GhNHX1 and GhAKT1 in the salt-tolerant variety were significantly higher than that in the salt-sensitive variety. These results suggest that this salt-tolerant variety of cotton has an internal mechanism to maintain ionic homeostasis.

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