scholarly journals Fusiform Gyrus Dysfunction is Associated with Perceptual Processing Efficiency to Emotional Faces in Adolescent Depression: A Model-Based Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany C. Ho ◽  
Shunan Zhang ◽  
Matthew D. Sacchet ◽  
Helen Weng ◽  
Colm G. Connolly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Fusiform Gyrus ◽  
Perceptual Processing ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Model Based

Prediction of Road Congestion Level Based on Bayes Algorithm

2014 ◽  
Vol 599-601 ◽  
pp. 1593-1596
Author(s):  
Shou Bai Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Bayesian Algorithm ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Bayes Algorithm ◽  
Road Traffic Congestion

Traffic jams increasingly threaten the normal city traffic, so our paper analyzes the state of the existing road traffic congestion, road traffic congestion found in the state is a relatively vague and random dynamic data model. Based on these two characteristics, we propose a road traffic congestion degree assessment model based on Bayesian algorithm. Based on the theoretical analysis of Bayesian algorithms to improve the processing efficiency of the algorithm to construct the road traffic congestion degree evaluation model based on Bayesian algorithm set, and the simulation experiments.

scholarly journals Diffusion Model-based Understanding of Unconscious Affective Priming in Continuous Flash Suppression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minchul Kim ◽  
Jeeyeon Kim ◽  
Jaejoong Kim ◽  
Bumseok Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Drift Rate ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Positive Bias ◽  
Continuous Flash Suppression ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Facial Identity ◽  
Model Based ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Target Words

Abstract Affective states influence our decisions even when processed unconsciously. Continuous flash suppression (CFS) is a new variant of binocular rivalry that can be used to render the prime invisible and thus unconscious. Nonetheless, it is unclear how prior information from emotional faces provided by CFS influences subsequent decision making. Here, we employed the CFS priming task to examine the effect of nonconscious information on the evaluation of target words as either positive or negative. The hierarchical diffusion model was used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Two experiments were performed to investigate the effects of facial identity and facial expression. As a result, a significant affective priming effect on response time was observed only for angry faces but not happy and neutral faces. The results of diffusion model analyses revealed that both the drift rate and nondecisional process are accountable for the ‘positive bias’ - the processing advantage of positive over negative stimuli. Priming effects of facial identity were mapped onto the drift rate and eliminated ‘positive bias’. Meanwhile, positive emotional faces increased the nondecision time with negative target words. The model-based analysis implies that both facial identity and emotion are processed under CFS.

Influence of the fusiform gyrus on amygdala response to emotional faces in the non-clinical range of social anxiety

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (07) ◽  
pp. 1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pujol ◽  
B. J. Harrison ◽  
H. Ortiz ◽  
J. Deus ◽  
C. Soriano-Mas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Fusiform Gyrus ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Amygdala Response

P007 Amygdala and fusiform gyrus responsivity to emotional faces and face parts: an intracerebral event-related potential study

2008 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. S72-S73
Author(s):  
Gaetano Cantalupo ◽  
Roberto Mai ◽  
Francesca Benuzzi ◽  
Paolo Nichelli ◽  
Giorgio Lo Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Fusiform Gyrus ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Potential Study

Fusiform Gyrus responses to neutral and emotional faces in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: a High Density ERP study

2013 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Apicella ◽  
Federico Sicca ◽  
Rosario R. Federico ◽  
Giulia Campatelli ◽  
Filippo Muratori
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
High Density ◽  
Fusiform Gyrus ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Prediction of springback in local bending of hull plates using an optimized backpropagation neural network

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 777-789
Author(s):  
Binjiang Xu ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Zhao Wang ◽  
Honggen Zhou ◽  
Di Liu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Backpropagation Neural Network ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Assembly Accuracy ◽  
Bending Process ◽  
Springback Prediction

Abstract. Springback is an inevitable problem in the local bending process of hull plates, which leads to low processing efficiency and affects the assembly accuracy. Therefore, the prediction of the springback effect, as a result of the local bending of hull plates, bears great significance. This paper proposes a springback prediction model based on a backpropagation neural network (BPNN), considering geometric and process parameters. Genetic algorithm (GA) and improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms are used to improve the global search capability of BPNN, which tends to fall into local optimal solutions, in order to find the global optimal solution. The result shows that the proposed springback prediction model, based on the BPNN optimized by genetic algorithm, is faster and offers smaller prediction error on the springback due to local bending.

Individual Differences in Visual Perceptual Processing: Attention, Intelligence, and Display Characteristics

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (14) ◽  
pp. 867-871
Author(s):  
Lila F. Laux ◽  
David M. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Perceptual Processing ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Reading Tests ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Normal Populations ◽  
Number Of False Alarms ◽  
Attentional Load ◽  
Single Feature ◽  
Display Performance

Researchers have found little evidence that the ability to identify briefly presented simple stimuli (single letters, symbols) is related to intelligence in normal populations although performance on visual processing tasks which impose a greater attentional load (words, phrases, sentences) has been found to correlate with scores on reading tests. This study assessed the correlation between performance on seven visual processing tasks and intelligence as measured by the Raven's and the Nelson-Denny Reading Test. Intelligence correlated with tasks that required the identification of a confusable target, tasks in which the target was defined by a conjunction of features, and tasks in which the target was defined by its location. Intelligence did not correlate with the ability to identify single targets or targets defined by a single non-confusable feature. Other studies have shown that when attentional load is increased by increasing the number of characters in the display, performance is affected differently for confusable and conjunction targets. Increasing the attentional load reduces the number of hits in the confusable condition and increases the number of false alarms in the conjunction condition. In this study these two measures correlated with intelligence but not with each other, meaning that they assess different aspects of visual perceptual processing efficiency. We conclude that when it is critical to correctly identify targets and to avoid false alarms when monitoring complex displays, targets should not be confusable and should be defined by a single feature. When this is not possible, it is important to select operators who are more efficient at processing confusable and conjunction-defined stimuli.

Emotional processing in panic disorder and its subtypes: An fMRI study using the emotional faces paradigm

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S372-S372
Author(s):  
T. Pattyn ◽  
L. Schmaal ◽  
V.D.E. Filip ◽  
P. Brenda ◽  
S. Bernard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Fusiform Gyrus ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Subgroup Versus

IntroductionThe literature on the neurobiology of emotional processing in panic disorder (PD) remains inconsistent. Clinical heterogeneity could be causing this.ObjectiveTo investigate differences in brain activity between PD and healthy controls using the emotional faces fMRI paradigm.AimsTo elucidate neurobiological mechanisms underlying emotional processing in PD and previously identified subtypes (Pattyn et al., 2015).MethodsThe main analysis compared the neural processing of different emotional facial expressions from a large group of PD patients (n = 73) versus healthy controls (n = 58) originating from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). A second analysis divided the PD group into the three previously identified subgroups: a cognitive-autonomic (n = 22), an autonomic (n = 16) and an aspecific subgroup (n = 35). The fusiform gyrus, the anterior cingulate cortex and the insula were used in a ROI approach.ResultsComparing PD patients with healthy controls, a decreased activity on angry faces was observed in the left fusiform gyrus. The subgroup analysis showed more activity in the anterior cingulate cortex on neutral faces in the cognitive-autonomic subgroup versus the autonomic subgroup and a decreased activity in the left fusiform gyrus on angry faces compared to the aspecific subgroup. Less activity was observed in the right insula on neutral faces in the autonomic subgroup versus the aspecific subgroup.ConclusionReduced activity in the left fusiform gyrus was differentiating panic disorder patients from healthy controls. In accordance with clinical subtyping, between-subtype differences are an indication that a phenomenological approach could provide more insight in underlying neurobiological mechanisms in emotional processing in PD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Passing faces: sequence-dependent variations in the perceptual processing of emotional faces

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Karl ◽  
Johannes Hewig ◽  
Roman Osinsky
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Processing ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Sequence Dependent

scholarly journals Configural sensitivity to inter-letter spacing in visual word perception

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanshu Zhang ◽  
Joseph Woodworth Houpt
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Perceptual Processing ◽  
General Notion ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Word Superiority Effect ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Superiority Effect ◽  
Optimal Spacing ◽  
Normal Spacing ◽  
Use Of Assessment

The word superiority effect refers to the phenomenon that people have better recognition of letters presented within words as compared to recognition of isolated letters. Although many previous research on how the spatial relations between letters in words affect the perceptual processing through the inversion paradigm, a significant amount of effort goes into setting the default inter-letter spacing when designing new fonts. Our current research examines the effect of manipulating letter spacing on the processing efficiency, as a measure of the word superiority effect. First, we tested multiple different words instead of fixed word stimuli to show that measures of efficiency can be generalized; second, we disrupted default inter-letter spacing by increasing, decreasing, and randomizing letter spacing to explore the extent to which the efficiency was sustained with the assessment functions. Our results indicate that participants are limited capacity only in the extreme spacing scenario. Additionally, the principle component (PC) analysis shows that highest PC values occur at normal spacing with degradation with increased disruption—spreading or narrowing. These results appear to confirm the configural nature of perceptual processing with normally-spaced words between identifiable tracking and kerning boundaries, and agree well with the ideas about optimal spacing by type designers and typographers implicit in general notion of "rhythmic spacing''. This work is also notable in that we demonstrate the use of assessment functions as a standardized tool for assessing the capacity benefits and efficiency of configural processing.

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