scholarly journals Identification Performance During Quarantine by COVID-19 Pandemic: Influence of Emotional Variables and Sleep Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Facundo A. Urreta Benítez ◽  
Candela S. Leon ◽  
Matías Bonilla ◽  
Pablo Ezequiel Flores-Kanter ◽  
Cecilia Forcato
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Practical Limit ◽  
False Recognitions ◽  
Mock Crime ◽  
Recognition Errors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Emotional Balance

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused major disruptions in people’s lives around the globe. Sleep habits and emotional balance have been disturbed in a way that could be comparable to the havoc caused by a deep personal crisis or a traumatic experience. This unfortunate situation provides a unique context in which to study the impact of these imbalances on cognitive processes. In particular, the field of eyewitness science could benefit from these conditions, since they are also often present in crime victims, but can only be generated in the laboratory up to a certain ethical and practical limit. For several decades, eyewitness studies have tried to discover what variables affect people’s ability to properly recognize faces. However, the disparity of experimental designs and the limitations of laboratory work could be contributing to the lack of consensus around several factors, such as sleep, anxiety, and depression. Therefore, the possibility of observing the influence of these agents in natural contexts could shed light on this discussion. Here, we perform simple and repeated lineups with witnesses of mock-crime, considering the conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which to some extent allow emulating the deterioration in general well-being that often afflicts crime victims. For this, 72 participants completed symptomatology scales, and watched a video portraying a staged violent episode. Subsequently, they gave testimony and participated in two lineups, in which we manipulated the presence/absence of the perpetrator, to recreate critical scenarios for the appearance of false recognitions. We found an increase in recognition errors in those individuals who did not have access to the perpetrator during the Initial lineup. Additionally, the conditions of the pandemic appear to have adversely affected the ability to witness and accurately perform lineups. These results reaffirm the need to move toward the standardization of research practices and methods for assessing testimonial evidence, especially in relation to the results of the lineups. Considering the degree of fallibility of these processes can lead to a reduction of wrongful convictions.

scholarly journals Stress, Burnout, and Resilience among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Emergency: The Role of Defense Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5258
Author(s):  
Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe ◽  
Gianni Nepa ◽  
Tracy A. Prout ◽  
Fabrizio Albertini ◽  
Stefano Marcelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Defensive Functioning ◽  
The Impact

The experience of working on the frontlines of the COVID-19 healthcare crisis has presented a cumulative traumatic experience that affects healthcare professionals’ well-being. Psychological resources such as resilience and adaptive defense mechanisms are essential in protecting individuals from severe stress and burnout. During September 2020, 233 healthcare workers responded to an online survey to test the impact of demographic variables, COVID-19 exposure, and psychological resources in determining stress and burnout during the COVID-19 emergency. Frontline workers reported higher scores for stress, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization (p < 0.001) as compared to colleagues working in units not directly serving patients with COVID-19. Mature defensive functioning was associated with resilience and personal accomplishment (r = 0.320; p < 0.001), while neurotic and immature defenses were related to perceived stress and burnout. Stress and burnout were predicted by lower age, female gender, greater exposure to COVID-19, lower resilience, and immature defensive functioning among healthcare professionals (R2 = 463; p < 0.001). Working on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic appears to provoke greater stress and burnout. On the other hand, resilience and adaptive defense mechanisms predicted better adjustment. Future reaction plans should promote effective programs offering support for healthcare workers who provide direct care to patients with COVID-19.

Creating Safe and Supportive Schools for Students Impacted by Traumatic Experience

2012 ◽  
pp. 253-264
Author(s):  
Joel M. Ristuccia
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Student Needs ◽  
School Environments ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Safe School ◽  
School Based ◽  
Flexible Framework ◽  
The Impact

Addressing the needs of students impacted by traumatic experience begins with the development of trauma sensitive school ecologies. This can be achieved by addressing student needs in four domains: competence, self-regulation, relationships, and physical health/well-being. The characteristics of a trauma sensitive school include: 1. Staff awareness of the impact of trauma on learning; 2. Safe school environments for students, including physical, emotional and social safety; 3. Connections between students and the school community; 4. Coordination of efforts among school based, home and community based resources; and 5. Flexible and innovative responses to student needs to reinforce students’ sense of safety, connection to school, and success in school. The Flexible Framework (FF) is a process tool that is used to develop safe and supportive (trauma sensitive) school ecologies by assessing current needs, supporting the brainstorming of needed initiatives, guiding the implementation of new initiatives, and coordinating school wide efforts.

scholarly journals Social Isolation and Sleep: Manifestation During COVID-19 Quarantines

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
June J. Pilcher ◽  
Logan L. Dorsey ◽  
Samantha M. Galloway ◽  
Dylan N. Erikson
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Organizations ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
The Past ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

Although researchers have investigated the impact of social isolation on well-being, the recent quarantines due to COVID-19 resulted in a social isolation environment that was unique to any examined in the past. Because sleep is one of the endogenous drives that impacts short and long-term health and well-being, it is important to consider how social isolation during the COVID-19 government-mandated quarantines affected sleep and sleep habits. A number of researchers have addressed this question during the last 2 years by examining several concepts related to possible changes in sleep during the quarantines. To best understand these recent results, the current mini review provides a background on the pre-pandemic literature on the effects of social isolation and loneliness with a focus on sleep and then summarizes the recent literature on sleep and sleep habits. In general, sleep was negatively impacted for many people during the pandemics but not all. One group that seemed to benefit from the pandemic in terms of sleep patterns, were younger people who could more easily adapt their sleep times to match their internal chronobiology. Given the potential broad impact of sleep on health and well-being, better understanding how social isolation impacts sleep is an important consideration for individuals, work organizations, and governments.

New Challenges, New Treatments

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
The Face ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Trauma Stress ◽  
The Impact

This epilogue considers the lessons that might be taken from the lives of journalist–literary figures that would be helpful to psychologists, journalists, and the researchers who study the impact of trauma, stress, and risk-taking experiences on today's journalists and their emotional well-being. It also examines some of the challenges confronting contemporary journalists and writers in the face of various economic, demographic, and technological pressures. In particular, it discusses the ways that digital computing is altering the traditional culture of journalism—for instance, the world of the newsroom and the activities of the professional journalist. It also looks at the implications of a host of other factors that assault our psyches, such as threats of terrorism, video and televised violence, fear of crime, increases in divorce and broken families, and illegal drug use and gang hostilities. Finally, it evaluates the prospects for new treatment options available to journalist–literary figures suffering from mental health disorders and other psychological effects of traumatic experience, including psychotropic drugs that combat depression and anxiety.

scholarly journals Generating Subjective Theories After a Disaster: The Role of Personality

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Ingrid González Palta ◽  
Pablo Castro-Carrasco ◽  
Enzo Cabrera ◽  
Paulina Jamet ◽  
Francisco Leal-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Impact

The role of people's beliefs in their perception of disasters has been scarcely studied. In this study, we analyzed how people who experienced an earthquake and a subsequent tsunami employ subjective theories (ST) to explain their traumatic experience. This study aimed to interpret the explanations developed by a group of people about the earthquake and tsunami that took place in Chile in 2015.  Thirteen episodic interviews were conducted as part of a qualitative case study. The participants' theories were grouped into four categories: the impact of personality on one's reaction to hardships; the existence of a link between personality and coping styles; the limited influence of personality on one's way of coping with difficulties; and changes in personality after experiencing hardships. These findings are discussed analyzing whether the participants' explanations could foster personal growth and psychological well-being after the catastrophe.   How to cite: González-Palta, I., Castro-Carrasco, P. J., Cabrera, E., Jamet, P., & Leal-Soto, F. (2021). Generating Subjective Theories After a Disaster: The Role of Personality. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 30(2), 13-26. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v30n2.79061

scholarly journals Transition from plan to market, height and well-being

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alícia Adserà ◽  
Francesca Dalla Pozza ◽  
Sergei Guriev ◽  
Lukas Kleine-Rueschkamp ◽  
Elena Nikolova
Keyword(s):  
Social Cost ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Bright Side ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Using newly available data, we re-evaluate the impact of transition from plan to market in former communist countries on objective and subjective well-being. We find clear evidence of the high social cost of early transition reforms: cohorts born around the start of transition are about 1 centimetre shorter than their older or younger peers. We provide suggestive evidence on the importance on mechanisms that partially explain these results: the decline of GDP per capita and the deterioration of healthcare systems. On the bright side, we find that cohorts that experienced transition in their infancy are now better educated and more satisfied with their lives than their counterparts. Taken together, our results imply that the transition process has been a traumatic experience, but that its negative impact has largely been overcome.

scholarly journals “I Just Find It Easier to Let Go of Anger”: Reflections on the Ways in Which Yoga Influences How Young People Manage Their Emotions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingunn Hagen ◽  
Solbjørg Skjelstad ◽  
Usha Sidana Nayar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Yoga Intervention ◽  
Emotional Management ◽  
The Impact

In this article we discuss how young people experienced a school-based yoga intervention. We pay particular attention to how yoga provides a space for young people to deal with their emotions. We base our discussion on qualitative data from young people in Norway who participated in the European research project “Hippocampus: Promoting Mental Health and Wellbeing among Young People through Yoga.” The qualitative results are based on experiences described by these young people in individual semi-structured interviews and in diaries or logs. Our data include nine interviews performed in the spring of 2019 with young people of Norwegian and refugee background in their late teens and early twenties. There were also 133 logs noted by the students exposed to the yoga intervention. In the qualitative interviews, young people talk about yoga and emotional management, improved sleep habits, and regulation. They also report improved ability to regulate and cope with stress. Yoga seemed especially beneficial for refugee trauma. In this article, we have chosen to focus on the utterances of young people about emotions, as those were quite dominant in our data, especially in the interview material. We have identified instances of emotional regulation, but also of emotional processes and changes of emotions, all of which were related to these young students practicing yoga. The impact of yoga on emotions illustrates the potential of yoga to improve the well-being and mental health of young people.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 restrictions on preschool children’s eating, activity and sleep behaviours: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e051497
Author(s):  
Joanne Clarke ◽  
Ruth Kipping ◽  
Stephanie Chambers ◽  
Kate Willis ◽  
Hilary Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Healthy Activity ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesIn spring 2020, the first COVID-19 national lockdown placed unprecedented restrictions on the behaviour and movements of the UK population. Citizens were ordered to ‘stay at home’, only allowed to leave their houses to buy essential supplies, attend medical appointments or exercise once a day. We explored how lockdown and its subsequent easing changed young children’s everyday activities, eating and sleep habits to gain insight into the impact for health and well-being.DesignIn-depth qualitative interviews; data analysed using thematic analysis.SettingSouth West and West Midlands of England.ParticipantsTwenty parents (16 mothers; 4 fathers) of preschool-age children (3–5 years) due to start school in September 2020. Forty per cent of the sample were from Black, Asian or minority ethnic backgrounds and half lived in the most deprived areas.ResultsChildren’s activity, screen time, eating and sleep routines had been disrupted. Parents reported children ate more snacks, but families also spent more time preparing meals and eating together. Most parents reported a reduction in their children’s physical activity and an increase in screen time, which some linked to difficulties in getting their child to sleep. Parents sometimes expressed guilt about changes in activity, screen time and snacking over lockdown. Most felt these changes would be temporary, though others worried about re-establishing healthy routines.ConclusionsParents reported that lockdown negatively impacted on preschool children’s eating, activity and sleep routines. While some positive changes were identified, many participants described lack of routines, habits and boundaries which may have been detrimental for child health and development. Guidance and support for families during COVID-19 restrictions could be valuable to help maintain healthy activity, eating, screen time and sleeping routines to protect child health and ensure unhealthy habits are not adopted.

Measuring Impact of Stress in Sandwich Generation Caring for Demented Parents

GeroPsych ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence M. Solberg ◽  
Lauren B. Solberg ◽  
Emily N. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sandwich Generation ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Caregivers ◽  
The Impact

Stress in caregivers may affect the healthcare recipients receive. We examined the impact of stress experienced by 45 adult caregivers of their elderly demented parents. The participants completed a 32-item questionnaire about the impact of experienced stress. The questionnaire also asked about interventions that might help to reduce the impact of stress. After exploratory factor analysis, we reduced the 32-item questionnaire to 13 items. Results indicated that caregivers experienced stress, anxiety, and sadness. Also, emotional, but not financial or professional, well-being was significantly impacted. There was no significant difference between the impact of caregiver stress on members from the sandwich generation and those from the nonsandwich generation. Meeting with a social worker for resource availability was identified most frequently as a potentially helpful intervention for coping with the impact of stress.

Efficacy of Crisis Intervention

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Reisch ◽  
Petra Schlatter ◽  
Wolfgang Tschacher
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Step Therapy ◽  
Long Term Therapy ◽  
The Impact

This study assesses the efficacy of the treatment approach implemented in the Bern Crisis Intervention Program, where particular emphasis is placed on the remediation of suicide ideation and suicidal behavior, and depression, fear, and phobia are generally considered to be contributing factors. Four questionnaires addressing psychopathology, emotional well-being, social anxiety, and personality were administered prior to and after the treatment of 51 patients over a period of 2 to 3 weeks. The reduction of symptoms contributing to suicidal ideation and behavior was interpreted as indirect evidence of an antisuicidal effect of the program. Significant improvements were found in the psychopathology ratings, with depression and anxiety showing the largest reductions. The impact on personality and social phobia, however, was only moderate, and on average patients still exhibited symptoms after attending the program. This residual symptomatology points to the necessity of introducing a two-step therapy approach of intensive intervention targeted at the precipitating causes of the crisis, augmented by long-term therapy to treat underlying problems.

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