scholarly journals Soil Ecosystems Change With Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Doblas-Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Living Conditions ◽  
Active State ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Cold Night ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Soil Mites ◽  
Changing Environments ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Soil Ecosystems

All the animals living below our feet are not still. They can move (to a lot of places because the soil is a 3D space) and to change (for example, from a cocoon to an active state). Therefore, the same soil below a given piece of field may not contain the same living communities in winter as in summer, or even during a sunny day compared to a cold night. For example, research on soil beetle larvae showed seasonal vertical movements, as the larvae searched for better living conditions. Moreover, the soil varies a lot during its formation, and consequently its inhabitants also change. In the case of oribatids, a minuscule but diverse group of soil mites, scientists observed changes in the community over dozen to hundreds of years! Many studies showed a basic but powerful principle: ecosystems are not still photographs, but instead are constantly changing environments.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Photoautotrophic Metabolism of Cyanobacteria: Biotechnological Implications

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Théo Veaudor ◽  
Victoire Blanc-Garin ◽  
Célia Chenebault ◽  
Encarnación Diaz-Santos ◽  
Jean-François Sassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ecosystems ◽  
Genetically Manipulated ◽  
Oxygen Evolving ◽  
Biologically Active Metabolites ◽  
Over Time

Cyanobacteria constitute the only phylum of oxygen-evolving photosynthetic prokaryotes that shaped the oxygenic atmosphere of our planet. Over time, cyanobacteria have evolved as a widely diverse group of organisms that have colonized most aquatic and soil ecosystems of our planet and constitute a large proportion of the biomass that sustains the biosphere. Cyanobacteria synthesize a vast array of biologically active metabolites that are of great interest for human health and industry, and several model cyanobacteria can be genetically manipulated. Hence, cyanobacteria are regarded as promising microbial factories for the production of chemicals from highly abundant natural resources, e.g., solar energy, CO2, minerals, and waters, eventually coupled to wastewater treatment to save costs. In this review, we summarize new important discoveries on the plasticity of the photoautotrophic metabolism of cyanobacteria, emphasizing the coordinated partitioning of carbon and nitrogen towards growth or compound storage, and the importance of these processes for biotechnological perspectives. We also emphasize the importance of redox regulation (including glutathionylation) on these processes, a subject which has often been overlooked.

scholarly journals Cyclic-di-GMP regulation promotes survival of a slow-replicating subpopulation of intracellularSalmonellaTyphimurium

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (13) ◽  
pp. 6335-6340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Petersen ◽  
Erez Mills ◽  
Samuel I. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Active State ◽  
Macrophage Infection ◽  
Fluorescent Biosensor ◽  
Changing Environments ◽  
Intracellular Environment ◽  
Mediated Reduction

SalmonellaTyphimurium can invade and survive within macrophages where the bacterium encounters a range of host environmental conditions. Like many bacteria,S.Typhimurium rapidly responds to changing environments by the use of second messengers such as cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP). Here, we generate a fluorescent biosensor to measure c-di-GMP concentrations in thousands of individual bacteria during macrophage infection and to define the sensor enzymes important to c-di-GMP regulation. Three sensor phosphodiesterases were identified as critical to maintaining low c-di-GMP concentrations generated after initial phagocytosis by macrophages. Maintenance of low c-di-GMP concentrations by these phosphodiesterases was required to promote survival within macrophages and virulence for mice. Attenuation ofS. Typhimurium virulence was due to overproduction of c-di-GMP−regulated cellulose, as deletion of the cellulose synthase machinery restored virulence to a strain lacking enzymatic activity of the three phosphodiesterases. We further identified that the cellulose-mediated reduction in survival was constrained to a slow-replicating persister population ofS.Typhimurium induced within the macrophage intracellular environment. As utilization of glucose has been shown to be required forS.Typhimurium macrophage survival, one possible hypothesis is that this persister population requires the glucose redirected to the synthesis of cellulose to maintain a slow-replicating, metabolically active state.

Relationship of Sense of Coherence to Other Psychosocial Indices

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Holmberg ◽  
Anders Thelin ◽  
Eva-Lena Stiernström
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
The Mean

Summary: The concept of “sense of coherence” (SOC) has been widely recognized since it was first introduced by Antonovsky. The originality and usefulness of the SOC scale and its relation to other psychosocial measures has been the subject of lively debate. The aim of this paper was to test for associations between SOC and work-related psychosocial factors (mainly the Job Demand-Control model), general living conditions, education, and social network factors. Cross-sectional data from a population-based sample of 1782 rural males from nine counties in Sweden were analyzed with a multiple regression technique. The subjects were occupationally active at inclusion and the mean age was 50 years (range 40-60). SOC was assessed with the original 29-item questionnaire. Psychosocial variables and lifestyle factors were assessed using questionnaires and structured interviews. The mean SOC among the subjects was 152.3 (standard deviation, 19.4). A strong negative correlation was found between SOC and job demand, whereas a positive correlation with job control was demonstrated. A positive correlation with general living conditions and with social support was also found. However, there was no correlation to education and occupation. Thus, SOC was shown to be strongly correlated to work-related psychosocial factors and social support, but independent of sociodemographic factors.

Fitts' Law in 3D Space with Coordinated Hand Movements

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolu Zeng ◽  
Alan Hedge ◽  
Francois Guimbretiere
Keyword(s):  
Hand Movements ◽  
Fitts Law ◽  
3D Space

Interacting in 3D Space: Comparison of a 3D Two-handed Interface to a Keyboard-and-mouse Interface for Medical 3D Image Manipulation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Jacob Seagull ◽  
Peter Miller ◽  
Ivan George ◽  
Paul Mlyniec ◽  
Adrian Park
Keyword(s):  
Image Manipulation ◽  
3D Image ◽  
3D Space

Charakteristika von Liquorflussartefakten in 3D SPACE IR T1 Datensätzen

2010 ◽  
Vol 182 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Flöry ◽  
C Ginthoer ◽  
J Roeper-Kelmayr ◽  
A Doerfler ◽  
WG Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Space

Associations between environmental factors, living conditions and mental health in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2010 ◽  
Vol 72 (08/09) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Penner ◽  
F Alaze ◽  
E Berens ◽  
A Ruhe ◽  
L Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Living Conditions

Binding of Thrombin to Fibrin

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Róka ◽  
F. G. Rademacher
Keyword(s):  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Active State ◽  
Clot Formation ◽  
Constant Amount ◽  
Bovine Thrombin

After clot formation using bovine thrombin and bovine fibrinogen, one can detect no longer the total amount of thrombin. The amount missing in the supernatant is trapped in the clot and can be removed in active state after lysing the clot. The capacity for trapping thrombin by a constant amount of fibrin depends on the structure of the fibrinpolymer. This can be shown by producing different kinds of clots by variation of pH or monomer concentration during polymerisation or using Arvinmonomer insted of Thrombinmonomer. The trapped thrombin shows no clotting activity but some activity with chromogenic substrats remains. to neutralize trapped thrombin about 5 times more antithrombin III is necessary than for the same amount of free thrombin. The trapped thrombin diffuses out of the clot indicating the reversibility of the binding of thrombin to fribin.

DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF ORIBATID MITE FAUNA(ACARI: ORIBATIDA) IN THE FOREST FLOOR OF SATKOSIA BASIPALLY WILD LIFE SANCTUARY, ODISHA, INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SHELLEY ACHARYA ◽  
ADITI DUTTA
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Soil Mites ◽  
The Core ◽  
Humid Condition ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Wild Life

The studies were mostly concentrated in Nine forest ranges of the WLS including the core areas. The soil of this region mostly is dry, red and with iron and silica content. Though the soil mites are prevalent in moist humid condition, we got a diversed population of 20 different species under 14 genera which is less than average probably due to the soil condition. Protoribates magnus is the dominant species in this study. The species with larger ranges were Scheloribates curvialatus.

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