scholarly journals Quality of Chopped Maize Can Be Improved by Processing

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1226
Author(s):  
Filip Jančík ◽  
Petra Kubelková ◽  
Dana Kumprechtová ◽  
Radko Loučka ◽  
Petr Homolka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Grain Processing

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different maize processing technologies, comparing treatments with conventional rollers (control), MCC MAX rollers and a Shredlage crop processor on the quality of chopped maize. All the three types of chopped maize were harvested on the same day from the same field where the same maize hybrid was grown. The chemical composition of chopped maize, degree of grain processing and particle size fractions, and the effect of the treatments on rumen disappearance of dry matter, organic matter, NDF and starch were assessed. The highest degree of grain processing was achieved with the Shredlage processor (79.2%), and at the same time this processing method had a tendency to produce the highest proportion of physically effective fibre (37.2%). Compared to the conventional rollers (control), the chopped maize produced using the Shredlage processor had higher disappearance of dry matter, organic matter and NDF after 48 h of rumen incubation and of starch after 24 h of incubation. The MCC MAX rollers provided higher disappearance of all nutrients compared to the control treatment after both 24 and 48 h of incubation.

Growth and quality of tropical forages in a temperate climate

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (89) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Pearson ◽  
KW Dawbin ◽  
DK Muldoon ◽  
LC Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
New South ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Tropical Forages ◽  
Hybrid Pennisetum

Dry matter accumulation in maize, hybrid pennisetum and mid- and late-season pearl millet were assessed following planting in mid-summer at Camden, New South Wales. Productivity was high in maize and hybrid pennisetum, the maximum above-ground rate of dry matter accumulation averaging 590 kg ha-1 day-1 for 20 days for maize in March 1975. Productivity was lower in the pearl millets which lodged in April of 1975 and 1976. Organic matter digestibility was superior in maize, phosphorus concentrations were higher in hybrid pennisetum and magnesium and calcium concentrations were the same in hybrid pennisetum as in maize. The concentrations of minerals would be generally too low to maintain highly-productive livestock if they were fed exclusively on these tropical forages.

ATTEMPTS TO IMPROVE SOLID STATE 13C NMR SPECTRA OF WHOLE MINERAL SOILS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. ARSHAD ◽  
J. A. RIPMEESTER ◽  
M. SCHNITZER
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
C Nmr

This study describes a number of different preparation techniques for recording solid state 13C NMR spectra of whole mineral soils. Removal of paramagnetic Fe3+ improves the quality of 13C NMR spectra of whole soils and of particle size fractions. The C:Fe ratio appears to be an important indicator for obtaining satisfactory 13C NMR spectra of whole soils and fractions separated from them. If the C:Fe ratio is >> 1, the quality of the spectrum will be good; if the ratio is > 1, a reasonable spectrum will be obtained, but if the ratio is < 1, the spectrum will be poor. Organic-matter-rich soil and particle size fractions separated by a flotation technique produce well-defined 13C NMR spectra, typical of humic materials. Reduction of C-enriched fractions with sodium dithionite and stannous chloride improves the spectral resolution. The data presented herein show that satisfactory solid state 13C NMR spectra can be run on untreated soil particle size fractions, non-magnetic portions of whole soils, and fractions enriched in soil organic matter by flotation, especially after chemical reduction. Key words: 13C NMR spectroscopy, paramagnetic mineral separation

Structural Characterization of Soil Organic Matter and Humic Acids in Particle-Size Fractions of an Agricultural Soil

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benny Chefetz ◽  
Jorge Tarchitzky ◽  
Ashish P. Deshmukh ◽  
Patrick G. Hatcher ◽  
Yona Chen
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Particle Size Fractions

scholarly journals Assessment of the Content of Dry Matter and Dry Organic Matter in Compost with Neural Modelling Methods

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Dawid Wojcieszak ◽  
Maciej Zaborowicz ◽  
Jacek Przybył ◽  
Piotr Boniecki ◽  
Aleksander Jędruś
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neural Model ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Neural Models ◽  
Test Error ◽  
Effective Assessment ◽  
Modelling Methods

Neural image analysis is commonly used to solve scientific problems of biosystems and mechanical engineering. The method has been applied, for example, to assess the quality of foodstuffs such as fruit and vegetables, cereal grains, and meat. The method can also be used to analyse composting processes. The scientific problem lets us formulate the research hypothesis: it is possible to identify representative traits of the image of composted material that are necessary to create a neural model supporting the process of assessment of the content of dry matter and dry organic matter in composted material. The effect of the research is the identification of selected features of the composted material and the methods of neural image analysis resulted in a new original method enabling effective assessment of the content of dry matter and dry organic matter. The content of dry matter and dry organic matter can be analysed by means of parameters specifying the colour of compost. The best developed neural models for the assessment of the content of dry matter and dry organic matter in compost are: in visible light RBF 19:19-2-1:1 (test error 0.0922) and MLP 14:14-14-11-1:1 (test error 0.1722), in mixed light RBF 30:30-8-1:1 (test error 0.0764) and MLP 7:7-9-7-1:1 (test error 0.1795). The neural models generated for the compost images taken in mixed light had better qualitative characteristics.

scholarly journals Long term trends in fertility of soils under continuous cultivation and cereal cropping in southern Queensland. III. Distribution and kinetics of soil organic carbon in particle size fractions

Soil Research ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
RC Dalal ◽  
RJ Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Clay Size Fraction ◽  
Sand Size

Distribution of soil organic carbon in sand-, silt- and clay-size fractions during cultivation for periods ranging from 20 to 70 years was studied in six major soils used for cereal cropping in southern Queensland. Particle-size fractions were obtained by dispersion in water using cation exchange resin, sieving and sedimentation. In the soils' virgin state no single particle-size fraction was found to be consistently enriched as compared to the whole soil in organic C in all six soils, although the largest proportion (48%) of organic C was in the clay-size fraction; silt and sand-size fractions contained remaining organic C in equal amounts. Upon cultivation, the amounts of organic C declined from all particle-size fractions in most soils, although the loss rates differed considerably among different fractions and from the whole soil. The proportion of the sand-size fraction declined rapidly (from 26% to 12% overall), whereas that of the clay-size fraction increased from 48% to 61% overall. The proportion of silt-size organic C was least affected by cultivation in most soils. It was inferred, therefore, that the sand-size organic matter is rapidly lost from soil, through mineralization as well as disintegration into silt-size and clay-size fractions, and that the clay fraction provides protection for the soil organic matter against microbial and enzymic degradation.

scholarly journals Kajian Mutu dan Palatibilitas Silase dan Hay Ransum Komplit Berbasis Sampah Organik Primer pada Kambing Peranakan Etawah

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusmadi Yusmadi ◽  
Nahrowi Nahrowi ◽  
Muhammad Ridla
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Measuring Ph

The quality and palatibility of silage and hay complete ration based on organic primer garbage in peranakan etawah (PE) poadABSTRACT. This research was conducted to study the quality and palatability of silage and hay complete ration based on organic primer garbage in nine heads of Peranakan Etawah (PE) Goat. The quality of silage and hay was evaluated By measuring pH, total number of lactic acid Bacteria (LAB), palatability, dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) aroma and color of silage. Nine heads of peranakan etawah were grouped based on their lactation periode and randomly assigned to one of tree dietary treatments. The treatments were (1) Control rations; (2) silage complete ration (SRK); and (3) Hay complete ration (HRK). The results indicated that the silage had PH 4.15 and total number of LAB was 2.4 x 10 cfu/g of silage. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility of SRK were better than those of HRK. The palatability of SRK was higher than HRK but less than control. Storage of SRK for did not change dry matter and organic matter content. Organoleptic analysis indicated that texture and color of HRK were changed at after storage, while SRK was still constant. It is concluded that silage composed of organic primer garbage has high quality in terms of physical, chemical and microbial characteristics, prolong storage.

scholarly journals Properties of Humic Acids in Meadow Soils Irrigated With the Slope-And Flooding System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Banach-Szott ◽  
Andrzej Dziamski
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Hydrophobic Properties ◽  
Irrigation Ditch ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Degree Of Maturity

Abstract The aim of the research has been to determine the effect of many-year irrigation of unique grasslands on the properties of humic acids defining the quality of organic matter. The research was performed based on the soil (Albic Brunic Arenosol, the A, AE and Bsv horizons) sampled from Europe’s unique complex of permanent grasslands irrigated continuously for 150 years, applying the slope-and-flooding system; the Czerskie Meadows. The soil samples were assayed for the content of total organic carbon (TOC) and the particle size distribution. HAs were extracted with the Schnitzer method and analysed for the elemental composition, spectrometric parameters in the UV-VIS range, hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties and the infrared spectra were produced. The research results have shown that the HAs properties depended on the depth and the distance from the irrigation ditch. The HAs of the A horizon of the soils were identified with a lower “degree of maturity”, as reflected by the values of atomic ratios (H/C, O/C, O/H), absorbance coefficients, and the FT-IR spectra, as compared with the HAs of the Bsv horizon. The HAs molecules of the soils sampled furthest from the irrigation ditch were identified with a higher degree of humification, as compared with the HAs of the soils sampled within the closest distance. The results have demonstrated that many-year grassland irrigation affected the structure and the properties of humic acids.

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