scholarly journals Assessment of the Potential of Trichoderma spp. Strains Native to Bagua (Amazonas, Peru) in the Biocontrol of Frosty Pod Rot (Moniliophthora roreri)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1376
Author(s):  
Santos Leiva ◽  
Manuel Oliva ◽  
Elgar Hernández ◽  
Beimer Chuquibala ◽  
Karol Rubio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Conditions ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
Frosty Pod Rot

The use of native Trichoderma strains has been proposed as a sustainable alternative to control cocoa diseases. The aim of this study was to assess indigenous Trichoderma strains from Bagua Province, Peru, with reference to their antagonistic characteristics in vitro and their potential for in vitro biocontrol against frosty pod rot (FPR) disease. A total of 199 strains were assessed for in vitro mycoparasitism, antibiosis, and potential antagonism. The effect of four strains was evaluated in vitro using epidemiological variables, yield, and efficacy at two sites (Copallín and La Peca). Significant differences (p < 0.05) were reported for all variables evaluated in vitro and in vitro. Mycoparasitism ranged from 32% to 100%, antibiosis from 33.36% to 57.92%, and potential antagonism from 42.36% to 78.64%. All strains were found to affect the in vitro-assessed parameters in addition to enhancing the productive yield. The efficiency ranged from 38.99% to 71.9% in Copallín, and 45.88% to 51.16% in La Peca. The CP24-6 strain showed the highest potential for biocontrol under field conditions when considering its effect on both sites.

scholarly journals Control of root rot (Phytophthora cinnamomi) in avocado (Persea Americana) with bioagents

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-211
Author(s):  
Ciro Hideki Sumida ◽  
Lucas Henrique Fantin ◽  
Karla Braga ◽  
Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri ◽  
Martin Homechin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
Antagonistic Potential

ABSTRACT Despite the favorable edaphoclimatic conditions for avocado production in Brazil, diseases such as root rot caused by the pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi compromise the crop. With the aim of managing root rot in avocado, the present study aimed to evaluate chemical and biological control with isolates of Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Thus, three assays were conducted to assess: (i) mycelial inhibition of P. cinnamomi by isolates of Trichoderma spp. and P. fluorescens from different crop systems; (ii) effect of autoclaved and non-autoclaved metabolites of P. fluorescens, and (iii) chemical or biological treatment of avocado seedlings on the control of root rot under field conditions. The isolates of Trichoderma spp. from maize cultivation soil and the commercial products formulated with Trichoderma presented greater antagonism (p <0.05) to the pathogen P. cinnamomi in the in vitro tests. Similarly, non-autoclaved metabolites of P. fluorescens presented antagonistic potential to control P. cinnamomi. Under field conditions, the fungicide metalaxyl and the bioagents showed effectiveness in controlling P. cinnamomi, as well as greater root length and mass. Results demonstrated potential for the biological control of avocado root rot with Trichoderma spp. and P. fluorescens.

Pathogenicity of Trichoderma spp. on the sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Dos Santos ◽  
O. D. Dhingra
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Inoculum Level ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
Rate Of Decline

One isolate of Trichoderma viride, 12 of T. koningii, 5 of T. harzianum, 11 of T. pseudokoningii, and 9 Trichoderma spp. obtained from 15 soils by baiting with the sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were tested for pathogenicity and aggressiveness in vitro and in field soil against the latter. Five isolates of T. koningii, two of T. harzianum, three of T. pseudokoningii, and one of an unidentified species killed 62–100% of the sclerotia within 25 days when tested in vitro. Two isolates of T. koningii killed 100% of the sclerotia within 7 days. One isolate of T. koningii killed 100% of the sclerotia within 60 days under field conditions, when soil was infested with 104, 106, or 108conidia/g. The rate of decline was more rapid at inoculum level of 106 and 108conidia/g of soil than at 104.

scholarly journals Antagonism of Trichoderma spp. strains against pea (Pisum sativum L.) Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi.

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Eduardo Checa Coral ◽  
Maribel Toro Criollo ◽  
Jesica Descanse Vallejo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Native Strains ◽  
Absolute Control ◽  
Similar Incidence

The antagonistic effectiveness of native strains of Trichoderma spp. on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi. in vitro, greenhouse and field conditions, were evaluated. In laboratory conditions, the antagonistic capacity of 12 strains of Trichoderma spp., strains C2, C7, C12 and C21, exhibited a better behavior measured by the following variables: inhibition halo and mycelial growth. In greenhouse conditions, the four strains, which showed the best in vitro antagonistic behavior were evaluated using a DIA experimental design with factorial arrangement for three factors which corresponded to strain, concentration and dose. The results of this evaluation, showed that strains C12 and C21 at doses of 20 mL, and at concentrations of 108 and 106 conidia.mL-1, respectively. The best antagonistic response was determined by variables as follows: plant height, fresh root weight and incidence. Under field conditions, the evaluations were carried out in the municipalities of Ipiales, Pupiales and Gualmatán, in the Department of Nariño, Colombia. In each location, a BCA experimental design was used with four treatments and five replicates, treatments were as follows: C12 strains at 108 concentration, C21 at 106 concentration, chemical control and absolute control. In Gualmatan location, C12 and C21 strains, showed no antagonistic capacity, whereas in Ipiales and Pupiales locations, strain C12, presented a lower incidence of F. oxysporum than the control, but with no effect on yields. In Pupiales location, C21 strain surpassed in performance to the control treatment, even though the two treatments had similar incidence.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of Moniliophthora roreri isolates from selected morphology groups in harvested cacao pods and in vitro sensitivity to compost tea.

Bionatura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1569-1574
Author(s):  
Maria Isabel Jimenez Feijoo ◽  
Juan Manuel Cevallos-Cevallos
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Compost Tea ◽  
In Vitro Sensitivity ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
Frosty Pod Rot

Moniliopthora roreri is the frosty pod rot disease (FPD) and one of the most devastating cacao pathogens worldwide. However, M. roreri pathogenicity on harvested cacao pods and sensitivity to compost tea have not been fully described. Monosporic cultures of M. roreri from different morphology groups were obtained. The isolates’ pathogenicity was tested by inoculation onto harvested cacao pods, and symptoms were evaluated at 3-day intervals during 16 days before estimating the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). The sensitivity of M. roreri to compost tea was evaluated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 1 to 5 % compost tea. All morphology groups could infect harvested cacao pods during the 16 days with a disease severity index abode 75 %. Compost tea completely inhibited the growth of M. roreri when used at 4.5 % or higher. Results suggest a shortened biotrophic phase during the infection in harvested pods and a medium to high sensitivity of M. roreri to compost tea.

scholarly journals Crecimiento y antagonismo in vitro de Trichoderma spp., en el control de Moniliophthora roreri, mediante modelos matemáticos.

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Johan Reinaldo Párraga Vélez ◽  
Álvaro Gustavo Cañadas López ◽  
Diana Yasbeth Rade Loor ◽  
Peiro Cristóbal Fajardo Navarrete ◽  
Joffre Alberto Andrade Candell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri

Los modelos matemáticos permiten la descripción del crecimiento y la curva de antagonismo de Aislados de Trichoderma frente a patógenos mediante funciones sigmoidales de tres parámetros. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar el crecimiento de aislados nativos de Trichoderma spp., in vitro y determinar su capacidad antagónica en presencia de Moniliphthora roreri a través de modelos matemáticos. Esta investigación fue conducida en la Estación Experimental Portoviejo (EEP) del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP). Se colectaron 12 aislados de Trichoderma spp., de los cuales se evaluó su crecimiento y antagonismo bajo condiciones in vitro frente a M. roreri. La función de Hossfeld describe adecuadamente la función de crecimiento. Los aislados de Trichoderma spp., A1, A10 y A4 fueron los de mayor crecimiento, y presentaron diferentes parámetros entre cada uno de ellos. Los aislados A1, A6 y A2 fueron los que mostraron mayor antagonismo frente a M. roreri. El parámetro a del modelo Verhulst representa la capacidad de carga del medio de cultivo PDA. En este estudio se estableció una proporción inversamente a menor valores del parámetro a de la función de Verhults mayor es el antagonismo frente a M. roreri.

An Attempt at Biological Control of Blossom Blight of Rose Caused by Botrytis cinerea Using some Local Trichoderma spp. Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
G. Zadehdabagh ◽  
K. Karimi ◽  
M. Rezabaigi ◽  
F. Ajamgard
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
Cut Rose

The northern of Khuzestan province in Iran is mainly considered as one of the major areas of miniature rose production. Blossom blight caused by Botrytis cinerea has recently become a serious limiting factor in rose production in pre and post-harvest. In current study, an attempt was made to evaluate the inhibitory potential of some local Trichoderma spp. strains against B. cinerea under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The in vitro results showed that all Trichoderma spp. strains were significantly able to reduce the mycelial growth of the pathogen in dual culture, volatile and non-volatile compounds tests compared with control, with superiority of T. atroviride Tsafi than others. Under in vivo condition, the selected strain of T. atroviride Tsafi had much better performance than T. harzianum IRAN 523C in reduction of disease severity compared with the untreated control. Overall, the findings of this study showed that the application of Trichoderma-based biocontrol agents such as T. atroviride Tsafi can be effective to protect cut rose flowers against blossom blight.

ANTAGONISMO in vitro DE Trichoderma spp. A PATÓGENOS DO CACAUEIRO

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Stela Dalva Vieira Midlej Silva ◽  
Marcos Vinícius Oliveira dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Spp

Management of collar rot disease in chickpea by Trichoderma species

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
PREM PANDEY ◽  
G. C. SAGAR ◽  
SUNDARMAN SHRESTHA2 ◽  
HIRAKAJI MANANDHAR ◽  
RITESH K. YADAV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

Nine isolates of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from different agro- ecological regions of Nepal viz; Jumla, Palpa, Chitwan, Tarahara, Banke, Illam and Salyan and screened against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Adreded soil borne phytopathogen causing collar rot of chickpea in chickpea; In-vitro efficacy of nine fungal antagonist (Trichoderma spp.) against Sclerotium rolfsii were screened. Pot experiment was done to find out the effective management of S. rolfsi through Tricoderma using different methods i.e. Seed treatment, soil drenching and soil application. All the tested isolates of Trichoderma spp. were found effective on mycelial growth inhibition and sclerotial parasitization of S. rolfsii. Trichoderma isolated from Palpa district showed maximum growth inhibition (%) of pathogen periodically after 48(93.78%), 72(96.00%), 96(97.96%) and 120(100.00%) hours of inoculation. Parasitized sclerotium showed minimum sclerotial germination on agar plates. Moreover, Trichoderma species isolated from Palpa districts showed second best percent mycelial growth inhibition periodically at 72(25.00%), 120(29.16%), 168(29.16%) and 216(29.16%).In pot experiment at 40 days after sowing, Seedling height was maximum in soil drenching with 30g per 100ml of water (22.27cm) and Mortality percentage of seedlings was least or highest disease control was observed in seed treated with 109cfu/ml (0.000%).

Estimation of genetic parameters associated with frosty pod rot (Moniliophthora roreri) and cacao production in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Solís Bonilla ◽  
Uilson Vanderlei Lopes ◽  
Alfredo Zamarripa Colmenero ◽  
Biaani Beeu Martínez Valencia ◽  
Carlos Hugo Avendaño Arrazate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
Frosty Pod Rot ◽  
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters
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