scholarly journals The Simultaneous Administration of a Probiotic or Prebiotic with Live Salmonella Vaccine Improves Growth Performance and Reduces Fecal Shedding of the Bacterium in Salmonella-Challenged Broilers

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed A. El-Shall ◽  
Ashraf M. Awad ◽  
Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack ◽  
Mohammed A. E. Naiel ◽  
Sarah I. Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Clinical Protection ◽  
Negative Effect

Salmonellosis is one of the most important bacterial diseases in poultry, causing heavy economic losses, increased mortality and reduced production. The aim of this study was the comparative efficacy of a commercial probiotic and/or prebiotic with a live attenuated Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) vaccine on the protection of broiler chickens from SE challenge. The efficacy of probiotic or prebiotic products, as well as a live Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) vaccine at the 7th day of age, administered via drinking water, were evaluated for clinical protection and effects on growth performance of broiler chickens experimentally challenged with SE at the 28th day of age. The use of probiotic or prebiotic simultaneously with the live Salmonella vaccine can diminish the negative effect of live vaccine growth performance, reducing mortality rate, fecal shedding, and re-isolation of SE from liver, spleen, heart and cecum. The use of probiotic or prebiotic simultaneously with the application of the live Salmonella vaccine is a good practice to diminish the negative effect of the harmful bacteria and improve the growth performance of broilers. Thus, further studies may be carried out with layers and breeders.

scholarly journals Enhancing Growth Performance, Organ Development, Meat Quality, and Bone Mineralisation of Broiler Chickens through Multi-Enzyme Super-Dosing in Reduced Energy Diets

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2791
Author(s):  
Jacoba I. Bromfield ◽  
Louwrens C. Hoffman ◽  
Darwin Horyanto ◽  
Elham A. Soumeh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Energy Reduction ◽  
Organ Development ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Negative Effect

This study identified the optimal multi-enzyme dose rate at three energy levels based on the production performance of broiler chickens. A 42-day grow out trial was conducted using 576 day-old mixed-sex ROSS308 broiler chickens in a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. Diets consisting of three metabolizable energy (ME) levels: standard energy (STD), 150 kcal/kg energy reduction (STD-150), and 200 kcal/kg energy reduction (STD-200), were cross factored with four multi-enzyme inclusion levels (0, 350, 700, and 1000 g/ton). The average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio increased linearly (p < 0.001) as the dietary ME was reduced, and the multi-enzyme addition improved the feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05) and mitigated the negative effect of the reduced energy diets (RED) on feed intake and feed conversion ratios. Carcass composition, organ weights, and meat quality were not affected by the experimental diets. The RED decreased abdominal fat weight (p < 0.05). Total ash, calcium, and phosphorous contents of the tibia bone were improved (p < 0.04) when the RED were supplemented with the multi-enzyme. Super-dosing multi-enzymes in RED mitigates the negative effect of ME reduction on growth performance while maintaining organ development and meat quality and improving bone mineral content.

scholarly journals EPIZOOTIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF SALMONELLA SPP. ISOLATED IN VARIOUS ASPECTS OF POULTRY PRODUCTION IN THE SOUTHERN BAČKA AND SREM REGION

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Marko Pajić ◽  
Dalibor Todorović ◽  
Maja Velhner ◽  
Dubravka Milanov ◽  
Vladimir Polaček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Systemic Infections ◽  
Research Period

Salmonella causes local and systemic infections of poultry, which may lead to substantial direct and indirect economic losses, presenting also significant risk to human health. Th e aim of this study was to monitor the occurrence of certain serotypes of Salmonella spp. isolated on poultry farmsin Southern Bačka and Srem regions in the period from 2010 to 2014, as recommended by the Book of rules of early detection, diagnostic, prevention of spreading and eradication of Salmonella spp. We analyzed the results obtained from the laboratory for clinical bacteriology to determine number of salmonella cases. From all samples that have been submitted for bacteriology analysis, salmonellas were isolated from 7.3% samples. Salmonella infantis was isolated from 50.3% of all salmonella-positive samples, mostly from materials supplied from broiler farms. Salmonella enteritidis was most frequently isolated in broiler chickens at the rate of 48.2%. Th ere is an increasing trend in the occurrence of Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella infantis on poultry farms from year to year. Our research revealed the highest incidence of salmonella isolates in broilers that died during transportation or within the fi rst three days upon arrival of chickens. During the five-year research period, 65 samples from parent fl ocks (63 from broiler breeders and 2 from parent fl ocks of layers) were salmonella positive, which makes 8.03% of all positive isolates. It is most likely that salmonella infection occurs due to infection of parent flocks and young chickens are infected trough both vertical and horizontal transmission.

scholarly journals Effect of peppermint oil and its microemulsion on necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-491
Author(s):  
Hend K. Sorour ◽  
Reham A. Hosny ◽  
Dalia M. A. Elmasry
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Peppermint Oil ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens

Background and Aim: Clostridium perfringens is one of the multiple drug-resistant intestinal pathogens causing necrotic enteritis disease, leading to great economic losses in poultry farms. This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of peppermint oil and its microemulsion (ME) as an alternative to antibiotics to control necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. Materials and Methods: Peppermint oil ME formulation (15% oil/water) was prepared and characterized by zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the peppermint oil and its ME were investigated. A total of 80 commercial one day old Arbor Acres broiler chickens were randomly assigned to four groups of 20 birds each. The four groups were the negative control, positive control, peppermint oil (0.5 mL/mL water/10 days old), and its ME (0.25 mL/mL water/10 days old) groups. C. perfringens was orally provided at concentration of 1×108 CFU/mL on days 14, 15, and 16. Clinical signs and mortality were observed daily. Growth performance, gross lesions and cecal samples were investigated and examined on days 21, 28, and 35. Results: Peppermint oil ME formulation has a polydispersity index, zeta potential and droplet size of 0.234, –24 mV±4.19, and 29.96±1.56 nm, respectively. LC–MS/MS analysis of oil and ME revealed common presence of phenolic compounds such as rosmorinic (360.31 g/mol), chlorogenic acid (354.31 g/mol), hesperidin (610.56 g/mol), and luteolin 7-O-β- glucuronide (462.1 g/mol). The treated groups with peppermint oil and ME showed lower lesions, mortality and colony-forming units in addition to higher growth performance (p<0.05) compared to the positive control group. Conclusion: Our study suggests the potential efficacy of peppermint oil and ME in the reduction of necrotic enteritis lesions and C. perfringens count.

scholarly journals Interaction of Soybean Varieties and Heat Treatments and Its Effect on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2668
Author(s):  
Florian Hemetsberger ◽  
Thomas Hauser ◽  
Konrad J. Domig ◽  
Wolfgang Kneifel ◽  
Karl Schedle
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor Activity ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Negative Effect

As production of European soybeans is expected to grow, optimal processing conditions need to be ensured for small and heterogeneous batches of soybeans. The effect of different soybean varieties, as well as heat treatments, on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens was investigated. Two varieties, regarded as heat stable and heat labile after preliminary experiments, were partially de-oiled and thermally processed at 110 °C for 20 min and 120 °C for 20 min. The resulting soybean cakes were integrated into a mash diet and subjected to a 36-day long feeding experiment. A total of 336 one-day-old broiler chickens were divided into 24 pens, resulting in 6 replicates per treatment. With application of the 110 °C treatment, analysis of soybean cakes showed that the commonly required reduction in trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) was only reached with one soybean variety. The higher processing temperature of 120 °C ensured sufficient TIA reductions in both soybean varieties. Elevated TIA concentrations resulted in decreased growth performances (p < 0.05) of the chickens, whereas no negative effect from overheating on growth performance appeared. Total-tract nitrogen retention (p < 0.05) and pre-caecal digestibility of several amino acids (p < 0.10) decreased with higher processing temperatures but had no negative effects on growth performance. In conclusion, the results indicate that processing conditions adjusted to the different varieties are essential to ensure optimal product quality.

scholarly journals A Recombinant Turkey Herpesvirus Expressing F and HN Genes of Avian Avulavirus-1 (AAvV-1) Genotype VI Confers Cross-Protection against Challenge with Virulent AAvV-1 Genotypes IV and VII in Chickens

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Śmietanka ◽  
Jolanta Tyborowska ◽  
Monika Olszewska-Tomczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Domańska-Blicharz ◽  
Zenon Minta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition Test ◽  
Challenge Study ◽  
Viral Vaccine ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Clinical Protection

Newcastle disease (ND) is responsible for significant economic losses in the poultry industry. The disease is caused by virulent strains of Avian avulavirus 1 (AAvV-1), a species within the family Paramyxoviridae. We developed a recombinant construct based on the herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) as a vector expressing two genes: F and HN (HVT-NDV-F-HN) derived from the AAvV-1 genotype VI (“pigeon variant” of AAvV-1). This recombinant viral vaccine candidate was used to subcutaneously immunize one group of specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens and two groups of broiler chickens (20 one-day-old birds/group). Humoral immune response was evaluated by hemagglutination-inhibition test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The efficacy of the immunization was assessed in two separate challenge studies performed at 6 weeks of age with the use of virulent AAvV-1 strains representing heterologous genotypes IV and VII. The developed vaccine candidate elicited complete protection in SPF chickens since none of the birds became sick or died during the 2-week observation period. In the broiler groups, 90% and 100% clinical protection were achieved after challenges with AAvV-1 of IV and VII genotypes, respectively. We found no obvious relationship between antibody levels and protection assessed in broilers in the challenge study. The developed recombinant HVT-NDV-F-HN construct containing genes from a genotype VI AAvV-1 offers promising results as a potential vaccine candidate against ND in chickens.

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