scholarly journals (−)-Methyl-Oleocanthal, a New Oleocanthal Metabolite Reduces LPS-Induced Inflammatory and Oxidative Response: Molecular Signaling Pathways and Histones Epigenetic Modulation

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Tatiana Montoya ◽  
Catalina Alarcón-de-la-Lastra ◽  
María Luisa Castejón ◽  
Juan Ortega-Vidal ◽  
Joaquín Altarejos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
No Production ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Epigenetic Modulation

The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses of (−)-methyl-oleocanthal (met-OLE), a new metabolite of the extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) phenolic oleocanthal (OLE), were explored in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine peritoneal macrophages. Possible signaling pathways and epigenetic modulation of histones were studied. Met-OLE inhibited LPS-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrite (NO) production and decreased the overexpression of the pro-inflammatory enzymes COX-2, mPGES-1 and iNOS in murine macrophages. In addition, met-OLE was able to significantly decrease the activation of p38, JNK, and ERK mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and blocked canonical and non-canonical inflammasome signaling pathways. On the contrary, met-OLE upregulated haem oxigenase 1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf-2) expression in treated cells. Finally, met-OLE pretreated spleen cells counteracted LPS induction, preventing H3K18 acetylation or H3K9 and H3K27 demethylation. Overall, these results provide novel mechanistic insights into the beneficial effects of met-OLE regarding the regulation of the immune–inflammatory response through epigenetic changes in histone markers. This revealing evidence suggests that the methylated metabolite of OLE may contribute significantly to the beneficial effects that are associated with the secoiridoid-related compound and the usual consumption of EVOO.

The Protective Effects of Extra Virgin Olive Oil on Immune-mediated Inflammatory Responses

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Casas ◽  
Ramon Estruch ◽  
Emilio Sacanella
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Immune Mediated

Background and Objective: The increasing interest in the Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) hinges on the relevant role it plays in inflammatory diseases. Several clinical, epidemiological and experimental evidences suggest that consumption of the MeDiet reduces the incidence of certain pathologies related to oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and immune system diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). These reductions can be partially attributed to extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) consumption which has been described as a key bioactive food because of its high nutritional quality and its particular composition of fatty acids, vitamins and polyphenols. Indeed, the beneficial effects of EVOO have been linked to its fatty acid composition, which is very rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and has moderate saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The current knowledge available on the beneficial effects of EVOO and its phenolic compounds, specifically its biological properties and antioxidant capacity against immune-mediated inflammatory responses (atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, obesity, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease or neurodegenerative disease, among others) in addition to its potential clinical applications. Conclusion: The increasing body of studies carried out provides compelling evidence that olive polyphenols are potential candidates to combat chronic inflammatory states.

scholarly journals Extra virgin olive oil polyphenolic extracts downregulate inflammatory responses in LPS-activated murine peritoneal macrophages suppressing NFκB and MAPK signalling pathways

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1270-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cárdeno ◽  
M. Sánchez-Hidalgo ◽  
M. Aparicio-Soto ◽  
S. Sánchez-Fidalgo ◽  
C. Alarcón-de-la-Lastra
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Mapk Signalling ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Murine Peritoneal Macrophages

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is obtained from the fruit of the olive treeOlea europaeaL. Phenolic compounds present in EVOO have recognized anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

scholarly journals Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites

Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Serreli ◽  
Monica Deiana
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenols beneficial effects have widely been debated throughout the last three decades, with greater attention to hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, which are by far the most studied. The main concern about the evaluation of EVOO phenols activities in vitro and in vivo is that the absorption and metabolism of these compounds once ingested lead to the production of different metabolites in the human body. EVOO phenols in the ingested forms are less concentrated in human tissues than their glucuronide, sulfate and methyl metabolites; on the other hand, metabolites may undergo deconjugation before entering the cells and thus act as free forms or may be reformed inside the cells so acting as conjugated forms. In most in vitro studies the presence of methyl/sulfate/glucuronide functional groups does not seem to inhibit biological activity. Parent compounds and metabolites have been shown to reach tissue concentrations useful to exert beneficial effects others than antioxidant and scavenging properties, by modulating intracellular signaling and improving cellular response to oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory stimuli. This review aims to give an overview on the reported evidence of the positive effects exerted by the main EVOO polyphenols metabolites in comparison with the parent compounds.

scholarly journals Retinoprotective Effect of Wild Olive (Acebuche) Oil-Enriched Diet against Ocular Oxidative Stress Induced by Arterial Hypertension

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Álvaro Santana-Garrido ◽  
Claudia Reyes-Goya ◽  
M. Carmen Pérez-Camino ◽  
Helder André ◽  
Alfonso Mate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wild Olive ◽  
Minor Compounds

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases, including hypertensive eye diseases. The beneficial effects of olive oil on cardiovascular diseases might rely on minor constituents. Currently, very little is known about the chemical composition and/or therapeutic effects of the cultivated olive tree’s counterpart, wild olive (also known in Spain as acebuche—ACE). Here, we aimed to analyze the antioxidant and retinoprotective effects of ACE oil on the eye of hypertensive mice made hypertensive via administration of NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME), which were subjected to a dietary supplementation with either ACE oil or extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) for comparison purposes. Deep analyses of major and minor compounds present in both oils was accompanied by blood pressure monitoring, morphometric analyses, as well as different determinations of oxidative stress-related parameters in retinal layers. Aside from its antihypertensive effect, an ACE oil-enriched diet reduced NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase activity/gene/protein expression (with a major implication of NADPH oxidase (NOX)2 isoform) in the retinas of hypertensive mice. Supplementation with ACE oil in hypertensive animals also improved alterations in nitric oxide bioavailability and in antioxidant enzyme profile. Interestingly, our findings show that the use of ACE oil resulted in better outcomes, compared with reference EVOO, against hypertension-related oxidative retinal damage.

scholarly journals Generation of the Antioxidant Hydroxytyrosol from Tyrosol Present in Beer in a Randomized Clinical Trial (P06-003-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Boronat ◽  
Natalia Soldevila-Domenech ◽  
Julián Andrés Mateus ◽  
Patrícia Díaz ◽  
Marta Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Beer Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dose ◽  
Lager Beer

Abstract Objectives Hydroxytyrosol (HT) has been associated to health beneficial effects of extra virgin olive oil. Red wine is an indirect source of HT as it contains its precursor tyrosol (TYR), which is endogenously converted into HT. Beer is another source of TYR, which is originated during the fermentation as a secondary a metabolite of the amino acid tyrosine. The present work shows the first clinical study aimed at assessing the endogenous formation of HT following beer consumption. Methods Cross-over randomized clinical trial in healthy volunteers administered 250 mL of a dark beer (3.5 mg of TYR and 17.0 g alcohol), 250 mL of a lager beer (2.3 mg of TYR and 9.0 g alcohol), 250 mL of a non-alcoholic beer (1.4 mg of TYR and 0 g alcohol), and finally 150 mL of red wine (3.7 mg of TYR and 16.8 g alcohol). Urinary recovery of TYR and HT metabolites was quantified by LC/MS-MS. Results Results confirm that TYR present in beer is absorbed and endogenously converted into HT after its consumption (Figure 1). Nevertheless, the highest recovery was observed after red wine. Dark beer administration, which TYR and alcohol doses were equal to red wine, presented lower levels of TYR absorbed and hence, lower levels of HT generated. Lager and non-alcoholic beer presented dose-response absorption of TYR, but not an HT generation. Conclusions The present study is the first demonstrating that TYR present in beer is absorbed and endogenously biotransformed into HT in humans. HT generation is not TYR and alcohol dose-dependent and, is globally lower than following red wine, suggesting that other factors such as gas or other phenols could interfere in TYR bioavailability. Interestingly, HT recoveries after non-alcoholic beer are similar to those observed after alcoholic ones, limiting alcohol intake and the health and social problems associated to alcohol abuse. These findings could be relevant to understand the health effects associated to beer consumption. Funding Sources AB is recipient of a fellowship from ISCIII (PFIS), NS is recipient of a fellowship from Centro de Información Cerveza y Salud (Beca Manuel Oya) and CIBEROBN. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Organophosphorus Compounds and MAPK Signaling Pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4258
Author(s):  
Tahereh Farkhondeh ◽  
Omid Mehrpour ◽  
Constanze Buhrmann ◽  
Ali Mohammad Pourbagher-Shahri ◽  
Mehdi Shakibaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Extracellular Signals ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Mapk Signaling Pathways

The molecular signaling pathways that lead to cell survival/death after exposure to organophosphate compounds (OPCs) are not yet fully understood. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and the p38-MAPK play the leading roles in the transmission of extracellular signals into the cell nucleus, leading to cell differentiation, cell growth, and apoptosis. Moreover, exposure to OPCs induces ERK, JNK, and p38-MAPK activation, which leads to oxidative stress and apoptosis in various tissues. However, the activation of MAPK signaling pathways may differ depending on the type of OPCs and the type of cell exposed. Finally, different cell responses can be induced by different types of MAPK signaling pathways after exposure to OPCs.

scholarly journals Heat-killed Tsukamurella inchonensis reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in activated murine peritoneal macrophages

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 668-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nofouzi ◽  
M. Aghapour ◽  
B. Baradaran ◽  
GH Hamidian ◽  
P. Zare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
No Production ◽  
Griess Reaction ◽  
Indirect Technique ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

Tsukamurella inchonensis (T. inchonensis) is an aerobic species of Actinomycetales which has immunomodulatory activities when used as a suspension of killed bacilli. Here, the effects of T. inchonensis on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in mouse peritoneal macrophages have been examined. Peritoneal macrophages were harvested by lavaging with ice cold phosphate-buffered saline. Macrophages acquired from mice treated with different doses of T. inchonensis for seven days were cultured with 20 U/ml interferon-γ and 10 µg/ml lipopolysaccharide for in vivo assays. Nitrite levels were measured by using the diazotization method based on the Griess reaction, an indirect technique to determine nitric oxide (NO) production. T. inchonensis inhibited lipopolysaccharide-stimulated NO production in mouse peritoneal macrophages from mice previously exposed to concentrations of 108 and 5 × 10<sup>7</sup> CFU per flask. Also, T. inchonensis decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Thus, it can be concluded that T. inchonensis is a powerful inhibitor of lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in activated murine macrophages, and T. inchonensis may be useful as a novel agent for chemoprevention in inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Spices, Condiments, Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Aromas as Not Only Flavorings, but Precious Allies for Our Wellbeing

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 868
Author(s):  
Irene Dini ◽  
Sonia Laneri
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Human History ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Exciting Potential ◽  
Definition Of

Spices, condiments and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) are crucial components of human history and nutrition. They are substances added to foods to improve flavor and taste. Many of them are used not only to flavor foods, but also in traditional medicine and cosmetics. They have antioxidant, antiviral, antibiotic, anticoagulant and antiinflammatory properties and exciting potential for preventing chronic degenerative diseases such as cardiomyopathy and cancer when used in the daily diet. Research and development in this particular field are deeply rooted as the consumer inclination towards natural products is significant. It is essential to let consumers know the beneficial effects of the daily consumption of spices, condiments and extra virgin olive oil so that they can choose them based on effects proven by scientific works and not by the mere illusion that plant products are suitable only because they are natural and not chemicals. The study begins with the definition of spices, condiments and extra virgin olive oil. It continues by describing the pathologies that can be prevented with a spicy diet and it concludes by considering the molecules responsible for the beneficial effects on human health (phytochemical) and their eventual transformation when cooked.

scholarly journals Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Gallardo-Fernández ◽  
Ruth Hornedo-Ortega ◽  
Isabel M. Alonso-Bellido ◽  
José A. Rodríguez-Gómez ◽  
Ana M. Troncoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

Neuroinflammation is a common feature shared by neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), and seems to play a key role in their development and progression. Microglia cells, the principal orchestrators of neuroinflammation, can be polarized in different phenotypes, which means they are able to have anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory, or neurodegenerative effects. Increasing evidence supports that the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern is related to the reduction of cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases. A considerable intake of plant foods, fish, and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), as well as a moderate consumption of red wine, all characteristic of the Mediterranean diet (MD), are behind these effects. These foods are especially rich in polyphenols, being the most relevant in the MD hydroxytyrosol (HT) and their derivatives present in EVOO, which have demonstrated a wide array of biological activities. Here, we demonstrate that HT is able to reduce the inflammation induced by two different stimuli: lipopolysaccharide and α-synuclein. We also study the possible molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of HT, including the study of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, and inflammasome. Our data support the use of HT to prevent the inflammation associated with PD and shed light into the relationship between MD and this neurological disorder.

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