scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Markers in Chronic Kidney Disease with Emphasis on Diabetic Nephropathy

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 925
Author(s):  
Nina Vodošek Hojs ◽  
Sebastjan Bevc ◽  
Robert Ekart ◽  
Radovan Hojs
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

Diabetes prevalence is increasing worldwide, especially through the increase of type 2 diabetes. Diabetic nephropathy occurs in up to 40% of diabetic patients and is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Various factors affect the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. Hyperglycaemia increases free radical production, resulting in oxidative stress, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Free radicals have a short half-life and are difficult to measure. In contrast, oxidation products, including lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and nucleic acid oxidation, have longer lifetimes and are used to evaluate oxidative stress. In recent years, different oxidative stress biomarkers associated with diabetic nephropathy have been found. This review summarises current evidence of oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Although some of them are promising, they cannot replace currently used clinical biomarkers (eGFR, proteinuria) in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Urine of Metal Carpentry Workers Can Be Diagnostic for Occupational Exposure to Low Level of Welding Fumes from Associated Metals

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3167
Author(s):  
Flavia Buonaurio ◽  
Maria Luisa Astolfi ◽  
Daniela Pigini ◽  
Giovanna Tranfo ◽  
Silvia Canepari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Welding Fumes ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
The Impact

Urinary concentrations of 16 different exposure biomarkers to metals were determined at the beginning and at the end of a working shift on a group of workers in the metal carpentry industry. Five different oxidative stress biomarkers were also measured, such as the oxidation products of RNA and DNA metabolized and excreted in the urine. The results of workers exposed to metals were compared to those of a control group. The metal concentrations found in these workers were well below the occupational exposure limit values and exceeded the mean concentrations of the same metals in the urine of the control group by a factor of four at maximum. Barium (Ba), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb) and strontium (Sr) were correlated with the RNA oxidative stress biomarker, 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo), which was found able to discriminate exposed workers from controls with a high level of specificity and sensitivity. The power of this early diagnostic technique was assessed by means of the ROC curve. Ba, rubidium (Rb), Sr, tellurium (Te), and vanadium (V) were correlated with the level of the protein oxidation biomarker 3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NO2Tyr), and Ba, beryllium (Be), copper (Cu), and Rb with 5-methylcytidine (5-MeCyt), an epigenetic marker of RNA damage. These effect biomarkers can help in identifying those workers that can be defined as “occupationally exposed” even at low exposure levels, and they can provide information about the impact that such doses have on their health.

scholarly journals Glycemic control and its impact on oxidative stress biomarkers in type 2 diabetic patients treated with metformin: a cross-sectional analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 33630
Author(s):  
Ismaila A. Lasisi ◽  
Kamoru A. Adedokun ◽  
Musiliu A. Oyenike ◽  
Musa A. Muhibi ◽  
Ramat T. Kamorudeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Fasting Glycemia ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Glycemia Level ◽  
Total Antioxidant

AIMS: Evidence shows that diabetic patients may be predisposed to oxidative stress owing to increased glyco-oxidation and lipid peroxidation processes in consequence of chronic hyperglycemia. However, there is dearth of information whether glycemic control positively affects the antioxidant defense system in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated the potential association between glycemic control and oxidative stress biomarkers in controlled and uncontrolled diabetic states. METHODS: After obtaining ethical clearance, we included patients receiving metformin with glycated hemoglobin A1c ˂7.0% (glycemic control); newly diagnosed T2DM patients without glycemic control with hemoglobin A1c ˃7.0%; and apparently healthy normoglycemic individuals. The following biomarkers were determined: fasting glycemia level, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase activity, catalase activity, total antioxidant capacity and total cholesterol level. The comparisons between the groups were made by ANOVA. RESULTS: The participants were 260 in number: 80 with controlled diabetes, 80 uncontrolled and 100 controls. All participants were between 40 and 71 years old. Fasting glycemia level and hemoglobin A1c showed significant reductions (p<0.05) in controlled T2DM against the uncontrolled T2DM group, all the same both were significantly higher (p<0.05) against the controls. Likewise, malondialdehyde levels showed significant elevations (p<0.05) correspondingly in both uncontrolled and controlled T2DM against the controls, accompanied with significant reductions (p<0.05) in the antioxidative enzyme activities (glutathione peroxidase activity and catalase activity) and total antioxidant capacity levels against the controls. In addition, total cholesterol was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in controlled T2DM against both uncontrolled T2DM and controls, respectively. There were significant correlations between hemoglobin A1c and oxidative stress biomarkers (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: There was no remarkable difference in oxidative stress states between glycemic controlled and uncontrolled T2DM, despite differences in their fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin levels. Our data, therefore, suggest that chronic hyperglycemia and possibly anti-diabetic medicationmay both equally associate with oxidative stress. 

scholarly journals A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial on Impacts of Pioglitazone on Oxidative Stress Markers in Diabetic Kidney Transplant Recipients

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kharazmkia ◽  
Shadi Ziaie ◽  
Pedram Ahmadpoor ◽  
Omid Moradi ◽  
Ali Khoshdel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Pioglitazone Group

Background: Oxidative stress as a major mediator of adverse outcomes in kidney transplant recipients who are prone to oxidative stress-mediated injury by pre-transplant and post-transplant conditions. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of Pioglitazone on oxidative stress biomarkers and blood glucose control in diabetic patients receiving insulin after kidney transplantation. Methods: In a triple-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial, sixty-two kidney transplanted diabetic patients (40 men and 24 women) were followed for 4 months after randomly assigned to the placebo group and Pioglitazone group (30 mg/d). All of the patients continued their insulin therapy irrespective of the group that they were assigned to evaluate the effects of the addition of pioglitazone on blood glucose and oxidative stress biomarkers, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total protein carbonyls (TPC) serum levels. Results: At baseline, there were no statistically significant differences in glycemic control levels and oxidative markers between the two groups. After 4 months of intervention, a significant improvement occurred in Hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) in the Pioglitazone group. The changes of HBA1c during 4 months of follow up in the Pioglitazone group show improvement in glucose control were as HBA1c in the placebo group increased by 0.3% (P = 0.0001). Moreover, at the end of the study, the MDA level was significantly lower in the Pioglitazone group (P < 0.0001, 1.22 - 3.90). Regarding the serum level of TPC, the changes were not statistically different at baseline and also at the end of the study between two groups. Conclusions: Administration of Pioglitazone in addition to insulin in diabetic kidney transplant patients not only improved glycemic control (evidenced by HBA1c) but also significantly decreased oxidative stress markers such as MDA.

scholarly journals The association of oxidative stress biomarkers with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujan Banik ◽  
Antara Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Purpose: Although the exact etiologies of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are not well defined, the effect of oxidative stress is considered an important factor in the development of T2DM. However, there are controversial outcomes in the association between oxidative stress biomarker levels and T2DM. The present study was aimed to critically examine the association of oxidative stress biomarkers with T2DM.Methods: We systematically searched different electronic databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science to find relevant articles up to 31 December 2019. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to define the variation between the study groups. Results: A total of 22 case-control studies with 2853 subjects (1667 diabetic patients and 1186 healthy controls) were selected for this meta-analysis. The pooled results of meta-analysis showed a significant difference in the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels [SMD (95% CI): 2.27 (1.62, 2.91)], nitric oxide (NO) levels [SMD (95% CI): 1.40 (0.00, 2.81)], glutathione (GSH) levels [SMD (95% CI): -1.76 (-2.94, -0.59)], and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels [SMD (95% CI): -1.40 (-2.28, -0.51)] between patients group and controls. Whereas, there was no significant difference observed in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels [SMD (95% CI): -1.20 (-2.55, 0.15)] and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) levels [SMD (95% CI): 0.07 (-2.80, 2.94)].Conclusion: The current meta-analysis suggests that oxidative stress might have a potential role in the pathogenesis of T2DM in humans. Further studies should be needed to elucidate the possible mechanism and strengthen this evidence.

scholarly journals Interrelations Between Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Obese Women with Two Complications (Hypertension, Diabetes)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-143
Author(s):  
Nessrine Samira Karaouzene ◽  
Hafida Merzouk ◽  
Amel Saidi Merzouk ◽  
Samira Bouanane ◽  
Lotfi Loudjedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Antioxidant Markers ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Background and aims: Interaction between oxidative stress and inflammation has not been comprehensively investigated in the association obesity – diabetes - hypertension. Our aim was to investigate interrelations between inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in obese women with two complications (hypertension, type 2 diabetes). Material and Methods: 54 obese patients without complications, 46 diabetic patients with obesity, 48 hypertensive diabetic obese women, and 120 healthy controls were recruited from the department of nuclear medicine (Algeria). Inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers were assayed by appropriate methods. Results: Inflammatory markers were significantly higher in all obese groups compared to controls. Elevated pro-oxidants and decreased antioxidant markers were noted in obese women. These alterations were accentuated when obesity was associated with hypertension and diabetes. A positive interrelationship between inflammatory mediators and oxidative status, and a negative one with antioxidants were noted during obesity. Hypertension and diabetes enhanced these correlations. Leptin, C-reactive protein, catalase, superoxide dismutase, ion superoxide, peroxynitrite were found to be the best inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers that can predict diabetes and hypertension in obese women. Conclusions: oxidative stress and inflammation were intimately interconnected in women obesity associated with diabetes and hypertension.

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