scholarly journals Evaluation of the Applicability of the Ramp Metering to a Freeway Using Microsimulation: A Case Study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4406
Author(s):  
Seongkwan Lee ◽  
Amr Shokri ◽  
Abdullah Al-Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Geometrical Data ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Length Reduction

Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia, suffers from traffic congestion like other modern societies, during peak hours but also all day long, even without any incidents. To solve this horrible traffic congestion problem, various efforts have been made from the Active Traffic Management (ATM) aspect. Ramp metering (RM) is one of the representative methods of the ATM and has already proven its value in many locations worldwide. Unfortunately, RM has not yet been fully implemented in Saudi Arabia. This research aimed to assess the applicability of RM to a freeway in Riyadh using microsimulation. The widely known software VISSIM (PTV Planung Transport Verkehr AG, Germany, 1992) was chosen to compare the performances of various RM operating scenarios, such as fixedtime operation with different sub-scenarios and traffic-responsive operation using ALINEA (Asservissement Lineaire d’entree Autoroutiere) algorithm. For the simulations, this study targeted Makkah Road, one of the major freeways in Riyadh, and collected geometrical data and traffic data from that freeway. Analysis of four main scenarios and eight sub-scenarios, proved that overall performance of the fixed-time RM operation is generally good. The sub-scenario 4V3R of the fixed-time RM operation was the best in average queue length reduction. However, the traffic-responsive operation was best in average speed improvement.

scholarly journals Traffic Efficiency Models for Urban Traffic Management Using Mobile Crowd Sensing: A Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13068
Author(s):  
Akbar Ali ◽  
Nasir Ayub ◽  
Muhammad Shiraz ◽  
Niamat Ullah ◽  
Abdullah Gani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Mobile Crowdsensing ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Crowd Sensing ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Mobile Crowd

The population is increasing rapidly, due to which the number of vehicles has increased, but the transportation system has not yet developed as development occurred in technologies. Currently, the lowest capacity and old infrastructure of roads do not support the amount of vehicles flow which cause traffic congestion. The purpose of this survey is to present the literature and propose such a realistic traffic efficiency model to collect vehicular traffic data without roadside sensor deployment and manage traffic dynamically. Today’s urban traffic congestion is one of the core problems to be solved by such a traffic management scheme. Due to traffic congestion, static control systems may stop emergency vehicles during congestion. In daily routine, there are two-time slots in which the traffic is at peak level, which causes traffic congestion to occur in an urban transportation environment. Traffic congestion mostly occurs in peak hours from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. when people go to offices and students go to educational institutes and when they come back home from 4 p.m. to 8 p.m. The main purpose of this survey is to provide a taxonomy of different traffic management schemes for avoiding traffic congestion. The available literature categorized and classified traffic congestion in urban areas by devising a taxonomy based on the model type, sensor technology, data gathering techniques, selected road infrastructure, traffic flow model, and result verification approaches. Consider the existing urban traffic management schemes to avoid congestion and to provide an alternate path, and lay the foundation for further research based on the IoT using a Mobile crowd sensing-based traffic congestion control model. Mobile crowdsensing has attracted increasing attention in traffic prediction. In mobile crowdsensing, the vehicular traffic data are collected at a very low cost without any special sensor network infrastructure deployment. Mobile crowdsensing is very popular because it can transmit information faster, collect vehicle traffic data at a very low cost by using motorists’ smartphone or GPS vehicular embedded sensor, and it is easy to install, requires no special network deployment, has less maintenance, is compact, and is cheaper compared to other network options.

Analyzing and Soft Solutions to Vehicle Traffic Problems in Crowded Institutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-213
Author(s):  
Said Ali Hassan ◽  
Seraj Yousef Abed ◽  
Wael Salah Hassanein
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Vehicle Traffic ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Huge Data ◽  
Far Future ◽  
Waiting Lines

There is no doubt that the traffic problem is one of the problems faced by universities in different intensities for roads, intersections, and parklands. The negative effects of traffic congestion and bottlenecks are clear; they include extension of long waiting lines and increasing the time of transport with the consequences of ill effects. The effective solutions placed to resolve these problems need specialized studies relying on scientific methods for collecting and analyzing relevant data and drawing effective conclusions, recommendations, and solutions. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the problems of traffic congestion in crowded institutions, with realistic application to an anonymous University in Saudi Arabia as a case study and to provide the best solutions to achieve fluent flow of traffic at the present time and in the near and far future. Due to the complexity of the problem and its huge data and to facilitate the analysis process, the problem has been divided into three main sections, and the data is collected in four different ways.

Analyzing Simulation-Based Active Traffic Management Impact on a Large-Scale Regional Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (8) ◽  
pp. 638-647
Author(s):  
Minha Lee ◽  
Chenfeng Xiong ◽  
Zheng Zhu ◽  
Weiyi Zhou ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dynamic Traffic Assignment ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
Traffic Impacts

A vast number of real-time corridor management strategies have been introduced because the dynamics of traffic patterns and increased congestion result in challenging problems on road systems. Although these strategies can offer positive impacts on regional traffic, their evaluation tools are often limited to the scope of one specific corridor. To fill this gap, this study integrates a mesoscopic dynamic traffic assignment simulation model with an existing traffic-responsive ramp metering strategy. This integrated model is suitable for network-wide analysis and large-scale simulation of integrated corridor management strategies. The integrated modeling platform is demonstrated as a practice-ready tool. We present a case study that explores the benefits of metering control under various traffic conditions in a real-world network in Maryland. Both local and network-wide impacts are illustrated in the case study. This is one of the first attempts to simultaneously analyze network-wide traffic impacts and capture minute-by-minute demand–supply interactions under managed corridor strategies. The results indicate that ramp metering is beneficial even under non-recurrent traffic conditions at multiple spatial resolutions.

scholarly journals Freeway ramp metering based on PSO-PID control

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260977
Author(s):  
Junjun Wei ◽  
Kejun Long ◽  
Jian Gu ◽  
Zhengchuan Zhou ◽  
Shun Li
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
Freeway Traffic ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Nonlinear Processing ◽  
Actual Profile

Ramp metering on freeway is one of the effective methods to alleviate traffic congestion. This paper advances the field of freeway ramp metering by introducing an application to the on-ramp, capitalizing on the macro traffic follow theory and improved the freeway traffic flow. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based on Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller is further developed to single ramp metering as well as to optimize the PID parameters. The approach is applied to a case study of the Changyi Freeway(G5513) in Hunan, China. The simulation is conducted by applying the actual profile traffic data to PID controller to adjust the entering traffic flow on the freeway on-ramp. The results show that the PSO-PID controller tends to converge in about 80 minutes, and the density tends to be stable after 240 iterations. The system has smaller oscillation, more accurate adjustment of ramp regulation rate, and more ideal expected traffic flow density. The traffic congestion on mainline is effectively slowed down, traffic efficiency is improved, and travel time and cost are reduced. The nonlinear processing ability of PSO-PID controller overcomes the defects of the traditional manual closing ramp, and can be successfully applied in the field of intelligent ramp metering.

scholarly journals “Traffic Congestion and Speed Delays at Benz Circle, Vijayawada Due to Construction Activities”, A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
B Akhila ◽  
K Sai Krishna ◽  
M Sri Nikhil ◽  
Malathi Narra
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

In urban areas, traffic congestion is a major problem. Heavy traffic flow on National Highways with high speed, when mixed up with local traffic at crossings, traffic congestion is likely to occur. This causes many negative effects like pollution, delay, accidents and improper traffic management at crossings. At Benz circle one of the rotary intersections in Vijayawada, the above problem frequently occurs. To reduce the ill effects, some solution is needed to be provided. So, as a solution- Construction of flyover at this intersection is proposed and accepted as the best alternative or solution for the problem. For this classified volume count survey and analysis is carried out and the capacity of the existing lane is checked. But in the mean-time of construction there might be increase in the traffic congestion and speed delays due to the diversion of routes. 

scholarly journals Towards automated road information framework a case study of Tanzania

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela-Aida K. Runyoro ◽  
Irina Zlotnikova ◽  
Jesuk Ko
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Traffic Theory

Abstract Traffic congestion problem has been noticed to have a serious impact on the economy of the country in terms of time wastage, energy consumption costs, human loss and environmental effects. Different strategies have been used so far all over the world as shown in the literature review. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is a multi-technology approach that can help to handle the issues and create a complete congestion reduction framework. This paper presents a case study for implementing automated road management system using networks in Tanzania, where three cities highly affected by traffic congestion have been studied. Study results show that these cities have not yet implemented new technologies in road traffic management; instead the traffic is controlled using traffic police officers and traffic lights only. The traffic lights use an old technology that cannot manage traffic in relation to the real-time situations. This study proposes components for a framework, which will assist automation in road traffic management. From the review of various existing ITS of which Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS) and Advanced Travel Information System (ATIS) are subsystems, we have identified the possibility to integrate the two sub-systems within the framework. Three-phase traffic theory has been referred, FOTO and ASDA models are applied to the automatic recognition and tracking of congested spatiotemporal traffic patterns on roads.

scholarly journals Effective Traffic Management System By Using Hydraulic Footpath

2020 ◽  
pp. 305-313
Author(s):  
Chetan N. Gawali ◽  
Amit R. Bhongade ◽  
Amit M. Ramteke ◽  
Nilesh G. Landge ◽  
Prafull P. Shende Author ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Queue Length ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Signalized Intersection ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Congested Traffic ◽  
Hydraulic Machine ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Traffic Management System

Vehicular traffic is the major problem in metropolitan cities because traffic congestion is increasing rapidly at signalized intersections; it results in chronic situation in dense downtown areas. Traffic congestion is also major problem for smooth transportation. So, here we adopted a mechanism which minimizes traffic problems and that mechanism is called hydraulic machine. Hydraulic machine is the mechanisms which lift the things up and down at a particular height. Our purpose is to create a mechanism which lifts the footpath at signalized intersection up and down when there is more traffic at signalized intersection. We studied about the various congested signalized intersection areas and then selected Bhim Square for our study. We collected the peak hour traffic data using videography survey method and categorized the vehicles into different classes. Calculate the queue length at bhim square using normal footpath and again calculate the queue length for same traffic data by using hydraulic foothpath. On comparing the reduction of queue length percentage we observed that hydraulic footpath is more preferable than the normal footpath for congested traffic at signalized intersection, because it reduce approximate 60% queue length. Also, hydraulic footpath gives extra space at signalized intersection and it helps to increase service volume.

scholarly journals Post Occupancy Evaluation of the Built Environment: A Case Study of Mosque Facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Hassanain ◽  
Mohammed Kajak ◽  
Mohammad B. Hamida ◽  
Ahmed M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Satisfaction Survey ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Post Occupancy Evaluation ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Behavioral Requirements

Mosques are religious and cultural facilities that are used as a place of worship, social gatherings, and religious events by Islamic communities. The built environment in these facilities should meet certain technical, functional, and behavioral requirements for worshipers. Mosques could endure critical defects and inadequate performance, with gaps in knowledge, of appraisal tools for their overall performance assessment. Therefore, this research was motivated by the need to identify and purpose an exemplary systematic process upon the conduct of post-occupancy evaluation, owing to the fundamental need for satisfactory conditions that need to be met by mosque facilities. Thus, this paper presents an exemplary post-occupancy evaluation of mosque facilities in Saudi Arabia; as a religious built environment. A triangulation approach of data collection and assessment methods were followed and discussed in this research. A case study mosque was selected, following a review of literature. Interviews and walkthrough inspection identified 34 performance elements. Users’ satisfaction survey data were collected and analyzed. Recommendations were proposed towards improving performance of the case study mosque as a religious built environment that demands satisfactory occupancy conditions. The findings indicated that worshipers were strongly satisfied with the conditions of the built environment in the case study facility; including acoustical comfort, spirituality, and aesthetic performance elements. This paper expands the boundaries of knowledge in terms of identification of mosques’ performance elements

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