scholarly journals Fragility Assessment of a Container Crane under Seismic Excitation Considering Uplift and Derailment Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 4660
Author(s):  
Quang Huy Tran ◽  
Jungwon Huh ◽  
Nhu Son Doan ◽  
Van Ha Mac ◽  
Jin-Hee Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Time History ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Seismic Excitation ◽  
Damage State ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Container Crane

While the container crane is an important part of daily port operations, it has received little attention in comparison with other infrastructures such as buildings and bridges. Crane collapses owing to earthquakes affect the operation of the port and indirectly impact the economy. This study proposes fragility analyses for various damage levels of a container crane, thus enabling the port owner and partners to better understand the seismic vulnerability presented by container cranes. A large number of nonlinear time-history analyses were applied for a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model to quantify the vulnerability of a Korean case-study container crane considering the uplift and derailment behavior. The uncertainty of the demand and capacity of the crane structures were also considered through random variables, i.e., the elastic modulus of members, ground motion profile, and intensity. The results analyzed in the case of the Korean container crane indicated the probability of exceeding the first uplift with or without derailment before the crane reached the structure’s limit states. This implies that under low seismic excitation, the crane may be derailed without any structural damage. However, when the crane reaches the minor damage state, this condition is always coupled with a certain probability of uplift with or without derailment. Furthermore, this study proposes fragility curves developed for different structural periods to enable port stakeholders to assess the risk of their container crane.

scholarly journals Fragility Assessment of Container Crane under Seismic Excitation Considering Uplift and Derailment Behavior

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang Huy Tran ◽  
Jungwon Huh ◽  
Nhu Son Doan ◽  
Van Ha Mac ◽  
Jin-Hee Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Time History ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Seismic Excitation ◽  
Damage State ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Container Crane

While the container crane is an important part of daily port operations, it has received little attention compared with other infrastructures, such as buildings and bridges. Crane collapse due to earthquake affects the operation of the port, and indirectly impacts the economy. This study proposes fragility analyses for various damage levels of the container crane that allow the port owner and partners to better understand the seismic vulnerability presented by container cranes. A large quantity of nonlinear time history analyses was applied for a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model to quantify the vulnerability of the container crane in considering the uplift and derailment behavior. The uncertainty of demand and capacity of the crane structures were also considered through random variables, i.e. elastic modulus of members, ground motion profile, and intensity. The results analyzed in the case of a Korean container crane showed that the probability of exceeding the first uplift with or without derailment is shown before the crane reaches the structure’s limit states. This means that under low seismic excitation, the crane might be derailed without any structural damage. But when the crane reaches the minor damage state, it is always coupled with a certain probability of uplift with or without derailment. This study also proposes the fragility curves developed for different structural periods to enable port stakeholders to assess the risk of their container crane.

Seismic Fragility Analysis of the Smithsonian Institute Museum Support Center

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Chu ◽  
James M. Ricles ◽  
Shamim N. Pakzad
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Seismic Fragility ◽  
Design Basis ◽  
Virginia Earthquake ◽  
Smithsonian Institute ◽  
Hazard Levels

This paper presents the seismic fragility assessment of the Smithsonian Institute Museum Support Center (MSC), which sustained appreciable damage during the 2011 Virginia earthquake. A three-dimensional (3-D) finite element model (FEM) for the building was created and validated using measured dynamic characteristics determined from field vibration test data. Two suites of bidirectional ground motions at different hazard levels were applied to the FEM to generate fragility curves for structural as well as nonstructural (storage cabinets) damage. The effect of brace yielding strength on structural and nonstructural damage is also investigated to provide recommendations for future retrofit. The fragility curves show that the spectral acceleration to cause structural damage to the building is not high. Due to low seismicity, however, the probability for the structure to be damaged at the design basis earthquake is small. Nevertheless, the probability for nonstructural damage is considerable, which is an important issue related to the seismic performance of the building.

scholarly journals Effect of Masonry Infill Constitutive Law on the Global Response of Infilled RC Buildings

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Marco Gaetani d’Aragona ◽  
Maria Polese ◽  
Andrea Prota
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Time History ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Constitutive Law ◽  
Concrete Frames ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Frames ◽  
Mediterranean Countries

Masonry-infilled reinforced concrete frames represent a very common construction typology across the Mediterranean countries. The presence of infills substantially modifies the global seismic performances of buildings in terms of strength, stiffness, and energy dissipation. Although several research studies focused on the overall performances of infilled reinforced concrete frames, the modeling of infill panels remains an open issue due to the complex interaction between the infill and the frame and the uncertainties involved in the definition of the problem. In the present paper, an existing masonry-infilled RC frame designed according to obsolete seismic codes is chosen as a case study. A refined three-dimensional finite element model is built for performing nonlinear static and time-history analyses in order to investigate some significant aspects related to the modeling of infills. In particular, it is investigated the effect of different infill constitutive models on the seismic performance of infilled RC building expressed in terms of engineering demand parameters such as interstory drift ratios and peak floor accelerations, and on the generation of damage fragility curves.

A Kriging-Based Surrogate Model for Seismic Fragility Analysis of Unanchored Storage Tanks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Nam Phan ◽  
Fabrizio Paolacci ◽  
Daniele Corritore ◽  
Nicola Tondini ◽  
Oreste S. Bursi
Keyword(s):  
Surrogate Model ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Damage State

Abstract The seismic vulnerability of aboveground steel storage tanks has been dramatically proved during the latest seismic events, which demonstrates the need for reliable numerical models for vulnerability and risk assessments of storage facilities. While for anchored aboveground tanks, simplified models are nowadays available and mostly used for the seismic vulnerability assessment, in the case of unanchored tanks, the scientific community is still working on numerical models capable of reliably predicting the nonlinearity due to uplift and sliding mechanisms. In this paper, a surrogate model based on a Kriging approach is proposed for a case study of an unanchored tank, whose calibration is performed on a three-dimensional finite element (3D FE) model using a reliable design of experiments (DOE) method. The verification of the 3D FE model is also done through a shaking table campaign. The outcomes show the effectiveness of the proposed model to build fragility curves at a low computational cost of the critical damage state of the tank, i.e., the plastic rotation of the shell-to-bottom joint.

Damage-Involved Structural Pounding in Bridges under Seismic Excitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 754 ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Viscoelastic Model ◽  
Time History ◽  
Seismic Wave Propagation ◽  
Seismic Excitation ◽  
Lumped Mass ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Elevated Bridge

During severe earthquakes, pounding between adjacent superstructure segments of highway elevated bridges was often observed. It is usually caused by the seismic wave propagation effect and may lead to significant damage. The aim of the present paper is to show the results of the numerical analysis focused on damage-involved pounding between neighbouring decks of an elevated bridge under seismic excitation. The analysis was carried out using a lumped mass structural model with every deck element discretized as a SDOF system. Pounding was simulated by the use of impact elements which become active when contact is detected. The linear viscoelastic model of collision was applied allowing for dissipation of energy due to damage at the contact points of colliding deck elements. The results show that pounding may substantially modify the behaviour of the analysed elevated bridge. It may increase the structural response or play a positive role, and the response depends on pattern of collisions between deck elements. The results also indicate that a number of impacts for a small in-between gap size is large, whereas the value of peak pounding force is low. On the other hand, the pounding force time history for large gap values shows only a few collisions, but the value of peak pounding force is substantially large, what may intensify structural damage.

Building Seismic Vulnerability Study for China High Rises

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 2301-2304
Author(s):  
Fan Wu ◽  
Ming Wang ◽  
Xin Yuan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Story Drift

High-rise buildings, as a result of rapid urbanization in China, become one of popular structure kind. However, there have been few seismic vulnerability studies on high-rise buildings, and few fragility curves have been developed for the buildings. Based on the published data of more than 50 high rises and super high rises, the structural information such as building heights, mode periods, locations and sites, the maximum design story drift ratios, are collected and analyzed. The vulnerability analysis for high rises uses response spectrum displacement as seismic ground motion input, since the structures have comparatively long natural period. Using statistics and regression analysis, the relationship between the maximum story drift ratio and response spectrum displacement is established. Based on height groups and earthquake design codes, the fragility curves of different performance levels can be developed. These curves can provide good loss estimation of high rise structural damage under earthquake ground motion.

Seismic risk assessment of RC curved bridges through fragility curves

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina N. Serdar ◽  
Jelena R. Pejovic ◽  
Radenko Pejovic ◽  
Miloš Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Curved Bridges ◽  
Damage State ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
Probability Of Exceedance ◽  
Damage States

<p>It is of great importance that traffic network is still functioning in post- earthquake period, so that interventions in emergency situations are not delayed. Bridges are part of the traffic system that can be considered as critical for adequate post-earthquake response. Their seismic response often dominate the response and reliability of overall transportation system, so special attention should be given to risk assessment for these structures. In seismic vulnerability and risk assessment bridges are often classified as regular or irregular structures, dependant on their configuration. Curved bridges are considered as irregular and unexpected behaviour during seismic excitation is noticed in past earthquake events. Still there are an increasing number of these structures especially in densely populated urban areas since curved configuration is often suitable to accommodate complicated location conditions. In this paper special attention is given to seismic risk assessment of curved reinforce concrete bridges through fragility curves. Procedure for developing fragility curves is described as well as influence of radius curvature on their seismic vulnerability is investigated. Since vulnerability curves provide probability of exceedance of certain damage state, four damage states are considered: near collapse, significant damage, intermediate damage state, onset of damage and damage limitation. As much as possible these damage states are related to current European provisions. Radius of horizontal curvature is varied by changing subtended angle: 25 °, 45 ° and 90 °. Also one corresponding straight bridge is analysed. Nonlinear static procedure is used for developing of fragility curves. It was shown that probability of exceedance of certain damage states is increased as subtended angle is increased. Also it is determined that fragility of curved bridges can be related to fragility of straight counterparts what facilitates seismic evaluation of seismic vulnerability of curved bridges structures.</p>

scholarly journals The Effect Analysis of Strain Rate on Power Transmission Tower-Line System under Seismic Excitation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Li Tian ◽  
Wenming Wang ◽  
Hui Qian
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Seismic Excitation ◽  
Transmission Tower ◽  
Base Shear ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Line System

The effect analysis of strain rate on power transmission tower-line system under seismic excitation is studied in this paper. A three-dimensional finite element model of a transmission tower-line system is created based on a real project. Using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, incremental dynamic analysis of the power transmission tower-line system is conducted to investigate the effect of strain rate on the nonlinear responses of the transmission tower and line. The results show that the effect of strain rate on the transmission tower generally decreases the maximum top displacements, but it would increase the maximum base shear forces, and thus it is necessary to consider the effect of strain rate on the seismic analysis of the transmission tower. The effect of strain rate could be ignored for the seismic analysis of the conductors and ground lines, but the responses of the ground lines considering strain rate effect are larger than those of the conductors. The results could provide a reference for the seismic design of the transmission tower-line system.

scholarly journals Seismic vulnerability of traditional masonry building a case study of Byasi, Bhaktapur

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Shyam Sundar Basukala ◽  
Prem Nath Maskey
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Time History ◽  
Masonry Building ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Rapid Visual Screening ◽  
Visual Screening

Historic buildings of Nepal are mainly constructed from masonry structure. Since masonry structures are weak in tension which leads to the failure of structure. So, to avoid possible damage in environment lives and property it is urgent to conduct vulnerability assessments. Seismic vulnerability of historic masonry buildings constructed in Bhaktapur at Byasi area is carried out for the case study. Five load bearing masonry buildings were selected out of 147 buildings considering opening percentage, storey and type of floor for modeling in SAP 2000 V10 Various methods of rapid visual screening (FEMA 154, EMS 98) are used to determine the vulnerability of the selected building. The Selected Building response is carried out by linear time history analysis. The seismic vulnerability of masonry structures is determined in terms of fragility curves which represent the probability of failure or damage due to various levels of strong ground motions for different damage state slight, moderate, extensive and collapse. From the result of Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) and Fragility curves of the buildings it is found that whole, buildings are found vulnerable from future earthquake.

Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of Mid-Story Isolation and Reduction Structures Based Stochastic Vibration

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 3988-3991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Ju Chang ◽  
Jian Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Time History ◽  
Time History Analysis ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Reduction Effect

This study focus on derivation of such fragility curves using classic mid-story isolation and reduction structures (MIRS) in China metropolis. A set of stochastic earthquake waves compatible with the response spectrum of China seismic code selected to represent the variability in ground motion. Dynamic inelastic time history analysis was used to analyze the random sample of structures. The result reveal that good effect for superstructure and reduction effect for substructure of MIRS is favorable and obvious under major earthquake, Weak position of MIRS was be pointed out and fragility curves of typical MIRS of China was obtained finally.

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