scholarly journals Apoptosis of Eosinophil Granulocytes

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Martina Zustakova ◽  
Lucie Kratochvilova ◽  
Petr Slama
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Small Children ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Eosinophil Granulocytes ◽  
Allergic Disorders

In the past 10 years, the number of people in the Czech Republic with allergies has doubled to over three million. Allergic pollen catarrh, constitutional dermatitis and asthma are the allergic disorders most often diagnosed. Genuine food allergies today affect 6–8% of nursing infants, 3–5% of small children, and 2–4% of adults. These disorders are connected with eosinophil granulocytes and their apoptosis. Eosinophil granulocytes are postmitotic leukocytes containing a number of histotoxic substances that contribute to the initiation and continuation of allergic inflammatory reactions. Eosinophilia results from the disruption of the standard half-life of eosinophils by the expression of mechanisms that block the apoptosis of eosinophils, leading to the development of chronic inflammation. Glucocorticoids are used as a strong acting anti-inflammatory medicine in the treatment of hypereosinophilia. The removal of eosinophils by the mechanism of apoptosis is the effect of this process. This work sums up the contemporary knowledge concerning the apoptosis of eosinophils, its role in the aforementioned disorders, and the indications for the use of glucocorticoids in their related therapies.

Transitional Justice and Changing Memories of the Past in Central Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-44
Author(s):  
Roman David
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

Memories of wrongdoings are often viewed as an obstacle to reconciliation in divided societies. Is it due to the past or the present politics of the past? To examine the dilemma of essentialism versus presentism, this article investigates the impact of transitional justice on memories of wrongdoing. It theorizes that using different transitional justice strategies to deal with the same wrongdoing shapes memories in different ways. The theory is tested via vignette-based surveys in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland, which adopted distinct lustration laws. The results show that wrongdoing is viewed through lustration laws, reflecting present power constellations, not history.

scholarly journals Lustration in Europe and Serbia: The motivation for passing the laws on lustration and their social functions

Sociologija ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-306
Author(s):  
Milan Cakic
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Justice ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Opening Section

The main topic of this article are the motives that led to the adoption of lustration laws in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Serbia, and their social functions. In the opening section, lustration is placed in the wider framework of dealing with the past and two possible approaches to the phenomenon are discussed: to take it as part of the broader process of decommunization, or a measure of transitional justice. In the next section an attempt at defining the concept of lustration is made, with a view to eliminating some ambiguities surrounding it. Subsequently, two partially complementary theoretical models explaining the occurrence, form and severity of dealing with the past and lustration are presented. After that comes the description of the socio-political context at the time of the adoption of lustration laws in the three countries and identification of political and ideological forces that have supported or challenged it. Finally, the article attempts to answer the question whether lustration is a legitimate measure of settling historical justice, overcoming the legacies of socialism, a way to strengthen liberal democracy, or merely a tool in political struggles for power.

Decommissioning of Obsolete Nuclear Facilities in the UJV Rez, a. s.

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Tous ◽  
Josef Podlaha
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Nuclear Research Institute ◽  
Nuclear Program ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Dominant Position ◽  
Ultrasonic Bath ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dry Ice Blasting

More than 55 years of activities in the company UJV Rez, a. s. (Nuclear Research Institute Rez a.s. in the past) which is a leading institution in all areas of nuclear R&D in the Czech Republic and had a dominant position in the nuclear program since it was established (1955), there are several obsolete nuclear facilities that shall be decommissioned. The total amount of radioactive waste (RAW) resulting from decommissioning for the next processing will be ∼ 1500 m3 and the expected amount RAW for releasing into the environment is 240 tons after the decontamination. For the RAW processing several decontamination methods such as high press water jetting, chemical treating in ultrasonic bath, dry ice blasting and abrasive blasting were performed. Decommissioning started in 2003 and will be finished in 2016. This decommissioning of nuclear facilities in UJV is the only ongoing decommissioning project in the Czech Republic.

Social Policy in the Czech “Republic”: The Past and the Future of Reforms

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Večerník
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Pension System ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Scene

The article describes the development of Czech policy after 1989 and the controversies it caused. It first looks at the ambiguous nature of the communist welfare state and then proceeds to outline the theoretical alternatives. After early and energetic changes in the system, stagnation set in around the mid-1990s. Despite some problems, the current performance of the system is satisfactory, but its outlook in terms of long-term efficiency is unsatisfactory, as it will generate a rising debt into the future. In particular, the disadvantaged situation for families, the insufficient work motivation, and the frozen pension system are all causes for concern. The political shift to the right after 2006 ushered in reform measures and new reform plans. While reforms are necessary, their feasibility is uncertain owing to the fragility of the Czech political scene.

FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMPETENCE OF THE CITIZENS OF POLAND AND CZECH REPUBLIC WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF CURRENT ALL-EUROPEAN LINGUISTIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 512-523
Author(s):  
Yevhen Gromov ◽  
Alla Kolomiiets ◽  
Natalia Lazarenko ◽  
Olesia Zhovnych ◽  
Liliia Biretska
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Level ◽  
Economic Nature

The comparative analysis of the foreign language competence among the citizens of Poland and Czech Republic has been accomplished. The received findings were compared with current observations of all-European linguistic tendencies. Having analysed various statistics the authors succeeded in assembling the social portrait of an average multilingual European. The authors have also considered the fact that over the past years the official percentage of multilingual citizens, both in Poland and the Czech Republic, has significantly decreased due to intensive emigration processes. In the authors’ opinion, this problem is mostly of the socio-economic nature and demonstrates rather not the weakness of educational systems, but the ability of educational institutions of both countries to prepare competitive specialists who are able (due to the high level of foreign language competence) to find decent job in the labour-market of the United Europe. It has also been stated that since the foreign language competence has become a professional and cultural prerequisite for creation of the unified globalized Europe, and multilingualism has become a part of the European identity, the future specialists’ foreign language training in Ukraine should be conducted precisely taking into account the prospects of European integration.

Notes on the genus Taraxacum in Slovakia. I. Taraxacum sect. Hamata: a new group of dandelions in Slovakia

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohumil Trávníček ◽  
Radim Vašut
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Past ◽  
Species Descriptions ◽  
S Poland

AbstractThe hamate dandelion section (Taraxacum sect. Hamata H. Øllg.) represents a morphologically tight group of taxa, distributed in the oceanic and sub-oceanic regions of Europe. In Central Europe, it is mostly confined to freshly moist meadows, as well as places in the shade within urban areas. The known distribution area in Europe until now extended towards the E part of the Czech Republic and S Poland. During the past six years, we have discovered an additional eleven localities of hamate dandelions in NW and N Slovakia, which represents a corrected south-eastern limit for the distribution area of this section. In this paper, we discuss seven recognized taxa (T. boekmanii, T. fusciflorum, T. hamatiforme, Taraxacum hamatum, T. lamprophyllum, T. pseudohamatum, and T. quadrans). We provide a determinative key to the Slovakian hamate dandelions, brief species descriptions, comments on their distribution, a distribution map of the section in Slovakia, as well as images of all of the newly found species.

Mass Prefabricated-Panel Housing Construction in Private Ownership in the Czech Republic

2014 ◽  
Vol 1020 ◽  
pp. 692-697
Author(s):  
Eva Špačková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Building Facade ◽  
Housing Estates

Housing estates thus have been and will continue to be a long-term part of the housing the Czech Republic. Research addresses the artistic and architectural level of regeneration of prefabricated-panel buildings in the past twenty year, shows how the form of reconstructed facades has developed and illustrates the use of the building facade in the context of the environment in which the residential building is located.

scholarly journals Epidemiological relationships among penicillin non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae strains recovered in the Czech Republic

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Žemličková ◽  
Oto Melter ◽  
Pavla Urbášková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Penicillin Resistance ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Nationwide Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clone Sequence ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin

Since 1986, penicillin non-susceptible pneumococci (PNSP) have been found in the Czech Republic. As documented by a nationwide study, the proportion of invasive strains with reduced susceptibility to penicillin has fluctuated around 5 % in the past decade. Although the level of resistance to penicillin remains stable, the contribution of different capsular serotypes among the PNSP population varies. Whereas serotype 19A was predominantly associated with penicillin resistance until 1997, serotype 9V became most common among PNSP strains in 1998. In a collection of PNSP strains (n=225) isolated from 2000 to 2002, the most frequent serotype was 9V (n=91, 40·4 %), followed by 19F (n=30, 13·3 %) and 14 (n=25, 11·5 %). PFGE and multilocus sequence typing were used to characterize a set of PNSP of the currently predominant serotypes 9V (n=42), 14 (n=15) and 19F (n=14). The Spain9V-3 clone [sequence type (ST) 156] was responsible for a large proportion (100 % of serotype 9V strains, n=42; 93·3 % of serotype 14 strains, n=14) of the analysed strains. A representative of the Taiwan19F-14 clone (ST 236) was also recovered in the Czech Republic (a single isolate of serotype 19F). These findings confirm the spread of the major penicillin-resistant clones in the Czech Republic.

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