scholarly journals Markers of Regenerative Processes in Patients with Bipolar Disorder: A Case-control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Artur Reginia ◽  
Jerzy Samochowiec ◽  
Marcin Jabłoński ◽  
Ewa Ferensztajn-Rochowiak ◽  
Janusz K. Rybakowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Lithium Salts ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Regenerative Processes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Progress in medical science has allowed the discovery of many factors affecting the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder, and among the most recent research directions are found regenerative and inflammatory processes. The role of regenerative processes remains particularly poorly explored, but available data encourage further research, which may explain the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the mobilization of stem cells into peripheral blood, in patients with bipolar disorder during stable phase, not treated with lithium salts. The study included 30 unrelated individuals with the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, with disease duration of at least 10 years, not treated with lithium salts for at least five years prior to the study. The control group consisted of 30 healthy subjects, matched for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), origin, socio-demographic factors and nicotine use. Blood samples underwent cytometric analyses to assess concentrations of: Very Small Embryonic Like (VSEL) CD34+, VSEL AC133+, HSC CD34+, HSC AC133+. There were no significant differences in stem cell levels between patients with BD and healthy controls. However, the level of VSEL cells AC133 + was significantly higher in type I BD patients compared to healthy controls. Our results indicate a disturbance in regenerative processes in patients with bipolar disorder.

Abnormal white matter integrity as a structural endophenotype for bipolar disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1547-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sarıçiçek ◽  
N. Zorlu ◽  
N. Yalın ◽  
C. Hıdıroğlu ◽  
B. Çavuşoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Corona Radiata ◽  
Left Posterior ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Bipolar Patients

BackgroundSeveral lines of evidence suggest that bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with white matter (WM) pathology. Investigation of unaffected first-degree relatives of BD patients may help to distinguish structural biomarkers of genetic risk without the confounding effects of burden of illness, medication or clinical state. In the present study, we applied tract-based spatial statistics to study WM changes in patients with BD, unaffected siblings and controls.MethodA total of 27 euthymic patients with BD type I, 20 unaffected siblings of bipolar patients and 29 healthy controls who did not have any current or past diagnosis of Axis I psychiatric disorders were enrolled in the study.ResultsFractional anisotropy (FA) was significantly lower in BD patients than in the control group in the corpus callosum, fornix, bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, posterior thalamic radiation, cingulum, uncinate fasciculus, superior corona radiata, anterior corona radiata and left external capsule. In region-of-interest (ROI) analyses, we found that both unaffected siblings and bipolar patients had significantly reduced FA in the left posterior thalamic radiation, the left sagittal stratum, and the fornix compared with healthy controls. Average FA for unaffected siblings was intermediate between the healthy controls and bipolar patients within these ROIs.ConclusionsDecreased FA in the fornix, left posterior thalamic radiation and left sagittal stratum in both bipolar patients and unaffected siblings may represent a potential structural endophenotype or a trait-based marker for BD.

Neuroserpin in Bipolar Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 518-523
Author(s):  
Rugül Köse Çinar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
System Functioning

Objective: Neuroserpin is a serine protease inhibitor predominantly expressed in the nervous system functioning mainly in neuronal migration and axonal growth. Neuroprotective effects of neuroserpin were shown in animal models of stroke, brain, and spinal cord injury. Postmortem studies confirmed the involvement of neuroserpin in Alzheimer’s disease. Since altered adult neurogenesis was postulated as an aetiological mechanism for bipolar disorder, the possible effect of neuroserpin gene expression in the disorder was evaluated. Methods: Neuroserpin mRNA expression levels were examined in the peripheral blood of bipolar disorder type I manic and euthymic patients and healthy controls using the polymerase chain reaction method. The sample comprised of 60 physically healthy, middle-aged men as participants who had no substance use disorder. Results: The gene expression levels of neuroserpin were found lower in the bipolar disorder patients than the healthy controls (p=0.000). The neuroserpin levels did not differ between mania and euthymia (both 96% down-regulated compared to the controls). Conclusion: Since we detected differences between the patients and the controls, not the disease states, the dysregulation in the neuroserpin gene could be interpreted as a result of the disease itself.

scholarly journals Increased oxidative stress as a mechanism for decreased BDNF levels in acute manic episodes

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Kapczinski ◽  
Benício N Frey ◽  
Ana C Andreazza ◽  
Márcia Kauer-Sant'Anna ◽  
Ângelo B M Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Low Levels

OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: There is a growing amount of data indicating that alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and increased oxidative stress may play a role in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. In light of recent evidence demonstrating that brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels are decreased in situations of increased oxidative stress, we have examined the correlation between serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, a measure of lipid peroxidation, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in bipolar disorder patients during acute mania and in healthy controls. RESULTS: Serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were negatively correlated in bipolar disorder patients (r = -0.56; p = 0.001), whereas no significant correlation was observed in the control group.. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that alterations in oxidative status may be mechanistically associated with abnormal low levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor observed in individuals with bipolar disorder.

scholarly journals Analysis of socio-demographic and microbiological profile of vaginal discharge in patients attending Kathmandu University Hospital, Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-326
Author(s):  
Abha Shrestha ◽  
Nuche Ratna Tuladhar ◽  
Chander Dev Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Microbiological Profile ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Vaginal discharge and associated vaginal symptoms is very common amongst women of South East Asia, hence it is necessary to make accurate diagnosis and also for appropriate treatment by identifying the causative microorganisms. Objectives: To analyze the socio-demographic and microbiological profile of vaginal discharge. Methodology: This is a prospective, non-randomized study performed in one hundred and ninety three patients attending in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal. The patients with vaginal discharge and age of ?16 years included. Vaginal discharge was taken from the posterior and lateral fornices. The swab was cultured on blood, chocolate and Mac Conkey’s agar and incubated at 37°C for 24-48 hours. Fungus when isolated was subcultured onto Sabouraud dextrose agar. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 11.5 software. Result: The frequency of vaginal discharge was 1.67%. Most of the patients fell within 16-25 years. 50.3% patients were illiterate whereas only 3.1% was having master degree. 50.3% patients were having class V socioeconomic status where as only 2.6% had class I status. Housewife accounted for 67.9% whereas other occupation (petty business) accounted for only 5.2%. Most of the patients with vaginal discharge were from Newar and Tamang ethnic group. Bacterial vaginosis was isolated in 36.3% and normal flora accounted for 20.7%. Conclusion: There is still lack of awareness about the vaginal discharge be it abnormal discharge or physiological leucorrhea and related problems. So, it is worthwhile to create public awareness and also to find out the socio-demographic factors affecting the pattern of microbiological flora variation in vaginal discharge, as it gives us the clue regarding the use of appropriate antimicrobial therapy and the changes that can be made to the quality of life of the women.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(4) 2015 p.323-326

Alteration of gut microbiota in elderly postmenopausal women with osteoporosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjuan Li ◽  
Guangjian Mu ◽  
Binbin Ma ◽  
Panpan Lu ◽  
Haiquan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Functional Categories ◽  
Osteoclast Activity ◽  
Urine Creatinine

Abstract Osteoporosis is a common bone disorder worldwide and causes bone fragility and fracture. Gut microbiota colonizes the gastrointestinal tract, and is associated with bone metabolism and osteoporosis. In our study, the alteration of gut microbiota in osteoporosis and its effects on bone metabolism were investigated. A total of 36 elderly postmenopausal osteoporotic women and 12 healthy controls were recruited, and their fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing of gut microbiota on Illumina MiSeq platform. The venous blood and urine samples were also collected to determine the biochemical indexes. There was no obvious difference in Alpha diversity in the experiment group and control group, while differential Beta diversity was observed. The Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) model and variable importance in projection (VIP) scores showed that the osteoporotic women and healthy controls had different genera of Erysipelotrichaceae , Rothia , and Eubacterium . The metabolic function prediction of gut microbiota indicated that the experiment group had 634 unique functional categories, while the control group had 13 unique functional categories. The biochemical measurement revealed that the osteoclast activity indexes including urine N-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (NTX), serum NTX, and serum C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX) in the experiment group were higher than those in the control group, indicating that the osteoclast activity in osteoporotic women was increased. In addition, the correlation analysis of microbial metabolism with phenotypes showed the pathways in the significant modules of magenta, red, pink, and yellow were positively correlated with urine phosphate, urine creatinine, urine creatinine, serum calcium and other biochemical indexes. Collectively, our study identified the different genera between postmenopausal osteoporotic women and healthy controls, which might be potential targets for the treatment of osteoporosis.

Absence and size of massa intermedia in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meltem Ceyhan ◽  
Baki Adapınar ◽  
Gokay Aksaray ◽  
Figen Ozdemir ◽  
Ertugrul Colak
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Specific Alteration ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Objective:To evaluate the absence and size of massa intermedia (MI), a midline thalamic structure, and its gender-specific alteration in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Methods:Thirty-five patients with schizophrenia (17 females and 18 males), 21 patients with bipolar disorder (15 females and 6 males) and 89 healthy controls (50 females and 39 males) were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. Thin-slice magnetic resonance images of the brain were evaluated. MI was determined in coronal and sagittal images, and area of the MI was measured on the sagittal plane.Results:Females had a significantly lower incidence of absent MI compared with males in the healthy control group. The absence of MI in schizophrenia and bipolar patients was not higher than the incidence in healthy controls. The size of MI showed a gender difference. The mean MI area size was smaller in female schizophrenia patients than in female controls, while no significant difference was observed between male schizophrenia patients and their controls.Conclusions:The size of MI, a gender difference midline structure, is smaller in females with schizophrenia, and the results of this study support other studies of structural aberration of the thalamus and other midline structures in the brains of patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Working memory networks and activation patterns in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: comparison with healthy controls

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Lycke Brandt ◽  
Tom Eichele ◽  
Ingrid Melle ◽  
Kjetil Sundet ◽  
Andrés Server ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Patient Groups

BackgroundSchizophrenia and bipolar disorder are severe mental disorders with overlapping genetic and clinical characteristics, including cognitive impairments. An important question is whether these disorders also have overlapping neuronal deficits.AimsTo determine whether large-scale brain networks associated with working memory, as measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), are the same in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and how they differ from those in healthy individuals.MethodPatients with schizophrenia (n = 100) and bipolar disorder (n = 100) and a healthy control group (n = 100) performed a 2-back working memory task while fMRI data were acquired. The imaging data were analysed using independent component analysis to extract large-scale networks of task-related activations.ResultsSimilar working memory networks were activated in all groups. However, in three out of nine networks related to the experimental task there was a graded response difference in fMRI signal amplitudes, where patients with schizophrenia showed greater activation than those with bipolar disorder, who in turn showed more activation than healthy controls. Secondary analysis of the patient groups showed that these activation patterns were associated with history of psychosis and current elevated mood in bipolar disorder.ConclusionsThe same brain networks were related to working memory in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and controls. However, some key networks showed a graded hyperactivation in the two patient groups, in line with a continuum of neuronal abnormalities across psychotic disorders.

scholarly journals Fractional anisotropy of the uncinate fasciculus and cingulum in bipolar disorder type I, type II, unaffected siblings and healthy controls

2018 ◽  
Vol 213 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya F. Foley ◽  
Matthew Bracher-Smith ◽  
Katherine E. Tansey ◽  
Judith R. Harrison ◽  
Greg D. Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Uncinate Fasciculus ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
The Right ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Disorder Type

BackgroundFractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus and the cingulum may be biomarkers for bipolar disorder and may even be distinctly affected in different subtypes of bipolar disorder, an area in need of further research.AimsThis study aims to establish if fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus and cingulum shows differences between healthy controls, patients with bipolar disorder type I (BD-I) and type II (BD-II), and their unaffected siblings.MethodFractional anisotropy measures from the uncinate fasciculus, cingulum body and parahippocampal cingulum were compared with tractography methods in 40 healthy controls, 32 patients with BD-I, 34 patients with BD-II, 17 siblings of patients with BD-I and 14 siblings of patients with BD-II.ResultsThe main effects were found in both the right and left uncinate fasciculus, with patients with BD-I showing significantly lower fractional anisotropy than both patients with BD-II and healthy controls. Participants with BD-II did not differ from healthy controls. Siblings showed similar effects in the left uncinate fasciculus. In a subsequent complementary analysis, we investigated the association between fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus and polygenic risk for bipolar disorder and psychosis in a large cohort (n= 570) of healthy participants. However, we found no significant association.ConclusionsFractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus differs significantly between patients with BD-I and patients with BD-II and healthy controls. This supports the hypothesis of differences in the physiological sub-tract between bipolar disorder subtypes. Similar results were found in unaffected siblings, suggesting the potential for this biomarker to represent an endophenotype for BD-I. However, fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus seems unrelated to polygenic risk for bipolar disorder or psychosis.Declaration of interestNone.

Emotional intelligence in bipolar disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S330-S330
Author(s):  
E. Chapela ◽  
J. Quintero ◽  
M. Félix-Alcántara ◽  
I. Morales ◽  
C. Javier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Type I ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Bipolar Patients

IntroductionEmotional intelligence is defined as the ability to process, understand and manage emotions. In bipolar disorder seem to be more conserved, with less functional impairment than other severe mental disorders as schizophrenia. So far, there are few studies analyzing emotional intelligence in bipolar disorder.ObjectiveThe objective of this research is to better understand the different characteristics and the factors affecting these social-cognitive dysfunctions in bipolar disorder.AimsTo explore possible factors related to emotional intelligence in these severe mental disorders: symptoms, cognitive functioning, quality of life and psychosocial function.Material and methodsTwenty-six adults bipolar type I patients were examined using MSCEIT (the most validated test for emotional intelligence), BPRS, YMRS, HDRS, WAIS-IV, TMT and Rey Figure in order to determine the level of emotional intelligence and factors relate.ResultsBipolar patients show lack of emotional intelligence when compared with general population. Cognitive impairment and age are the principal factors related.DiscussionResults are discussed and compared with recent literature.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Cytomegalovirus Antibody Elevation in Bipolar Disorder: Relation to Elevated Mood States

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Prossin ◽  
R. H. Yolken ◽  
M. Kamali ◽  
M. M. Heitzeg ◽  
J. B. Kaplow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Antibody Concentration ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cmv Reactivation ◽  
Hsv 1

The neurobiology of mood states is complicated by exposure to everyday stressors (e.g., psychosocial, ubiquitous environmental infections like CMV), each fluctuating between latency and reactivation. CMV reactivation induces proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α) associated with induction of neurotoxic metabolites and the presence of mood states in bipolar disorder (BD). Whether CMV reactivation is associated with bipolar diagnoses (trait) or specific mood states is unclear. We investigated 139 BD type I and 99 healthy controls to determine if concentrations of IgG antibodies to Herpesviridae (e.g., CMV, HSV-1, and HSV-2) were associated with BD-I diagnosis and specific mood states. We found higher CMV antibody concentration in BD-I than in healthy controls (T234=3.1,Puncorr=0.002;Pcorr=0.006) but no difference in HSV-1 (P>0.10) or HSV-2 (P>0.10). Compared to euthymic BD-I volunteers, CMV IgG was higher in BD-I volunteers with elevated moods (P<0.03) but not different in depressed moods (P>0.10). While relationships presented between BD-I diagnosis, mood states, and CMV antibodies are encouraging, they are limited by the study’s cross sectional nature. Nevertheless, further testing is warranted to replicate findings and determine whether reactivation of CMV infection exacerbates elevated mood states in BD-I.

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