scholarly journals Evaluation of Anatomoradiological Findings on Trigeminal Neuralgia Patients Using Computed Tomography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Seçil Aksoy ◽  
Arzu Sayın Şakul ◽  
Durmuş İlker Görür ◽  
Bayram Ufuk Şakul ◽  
Kaan Orhan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Median Plane ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Foramen Ovale ◽  
Percutaneous Procedures ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Supraorbital Foramen

The study aimed to establish and evaluate anatomoradiological landmarks in trigeminal neuralgia patients using computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam CT. CT images of 40 trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and 40 healthy individuals were retrospectively analyzed and enrolled in the study. The width and length of the foramen rotundum (FR), foramen ovale (FO), foramen supraorbitale, and infraorbitale were measured. The distances between these foramen, between these foramen to the median plane, and between the superior orbital fissure, FO, and FR to clinoid processes were also measured bilaterally. Variations were evaluated according to groups. Significant differences were found for width and length of the foramen ovale, length of the foramen supraorbitale, and infraorbitale between TN and control subjects (p < 0.05). On both sides, FO gets narrower and the length of the infraorbital and supraorbital foramen shortens in the TN group. In most of the control patients, the plane which passes through the infraorbital and supraorbital foramen intersects with impression trigeminale; 70% on the right-side, and 67% in the left-side TN groups. This plane does not intersect with impression trigeminale and deviates in certain degrees. The determination of specific landmarks allows customization to individual patient anatomy and may help the surgeon achieve a more selective effect with a variety of percutaneous procedures in trigeminal neuralgia patients.

scholarly journals Bilateral sinoliths in the ethmoid sinus – a rare Cone Beam CT finding

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (25) ◽  
pp. 57-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Julieta Sava ◽  
Mugurel Constantin Rusu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Ethmoid Sinus ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ct Finding ◽  
Air Cells

Abstract Sinoliths are calculi found particularly in paranasal sinuses, the rarest location being the ethmoid air cells. There were previously reported only 4 cases of unilateral large ethmoidal sinoliths (ES), this one being the fifth report. We report here the incidental bilateral evidence in a 34-year-old female patient evaluated in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) of minor ES. The left ES, of 1.6 mm2 sagittal size, occupied the suprabullar cell, in front of the ground lamella and behind the anterior ethmoidal canal. The right ES, of 7.6 mm2, was located behind the ground lamella. The radiodensity of each ES was about 1000 HU, their bone quality being thus assessed. This is the first evidence of bilateral and clinically silent ethmoidal sinoliths. Being small-sized and incidentally found, it seems reasonable to consider that ethmoidal sinoliths could have a higher incidence but they are overlooked due to the lack of clinical manifestations.

scholarly journals A Novel Method of Locating Foramen Ovale for Percutaneous Approaches to the Trigeminal Ganglion

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (22;4) ◽  
pp. E345-E350
Author(s):  
Sung Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Trigeminal Ganglion ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Fluoroscopic Guidance ◽  
Foramen Ovale ◽  
Anatomic Landmarks ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Percutaneous Procedures ◽  
Novel Method

Background: For patients with trigeminal neuralgia who do not respond to medication and for whom surgical approaches are too risky, percutaneous procedures targeting the trigeminal ganglion are the current standard treatment. Percutaneous procedures are performed via the transoval approach under radiologic guidance. Identification of the foramen ovale (FO) under fluoroscopic guidance is an important part of determining the success or failure of the procedures. Objectives: Previous studies have described how to visualize the FO under fluoroscopic guidance, but those methods are limited by poor reproducibility. In this study, we have investigated how to visualize the FO clearly and easily under fluoroscopic guidance. Study Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: University hospital in Korea. Methods: Seventy-two 3-dimensional facial computed tomography scans without anatomic abnormalities of the skull base were analyzed for verifying the novel method. First, the mandibular angle and the occipital cortical line were overlapped and then turned by 15° oblique rotation using the software package. After these manipulations, the visualization of the FO was graded according to a 4-point scale (0: poor; 1: fair; 2: good; 3: excellent), and the inferior transfacial and oblique angles were measured. Results: This enabled clear visualization of the FO. The mean visual grade of 54 right and 46 left FO (total 100) was 2.74 (0: poor; 1: fair; 2: good; 3: excellent). All recorded FOs had at least grade 2 visibility. Limitations: This study is lacking application in clinical practice and comparative data to the submental view. Conclusions: The mandible angle and the occipital cortex line are obvious anatomic landmarks and are visible even to nonexperienced practitioners. Therefore, our method using these anatomic landmarks can improve the reproducibility and accuracy of FO visualization. Key words: Trigeminal neuralgia, foramen ovale, trigeminal ganglion, 3-dimensional (3D) facial computed tomography (CT) scans

scholarly journals Intrusion of maxillary molar roots into the maxillary sinus in a sample of the Egyptian population using cone beam computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esraa Ahmed Eid ◽  
Fatma Mostafa El-Badawy ◽  
Walaa Mohamed Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Egyptian Population ◽  
Maxillary Molar ◽  
Maxillary Sinus Floor ◽  
Sinus Floor ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background The proximity of the maxillary sinus floor to the maxillary molar roots increases the probability of oroantral communication on conducting any surgical or endodontic procedure in the involved area. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between each maxillary molar root and maxillary sinus floor using cone beam computed tomography. Predicting the probability of protrusion of each root into the sinus will consequently predict the probability of occurrence of the oroantral fistula in a sample of the Egyptian population. Results The total number of roots located outside the sinus was 121 (35.3%), while those contacting the sinus floor were 80 (23.3%) and those intruded the sinus were 141 (41.2%). The percentage of root intrusion into the sinus in males (56.9%) was significantly (p = 0.01) higher than females (42.9%). The probability of root intrusion in the left molars (54.2%) was non-significantly (p = 0.067) higher than that of the right side (44.3%). As for the type of tooth, the second molar showed the highest probability of root intrusion into the sinus (55.3%) followed by the third molars (52.6%) then the first molars (40.9). According to the type of root, the mesiobuccal root showed the highest probability of intrusion into the sinus (50.9%) followed by the palatal root (49.1%) then the distobuccal root (47.4%). However, the difference in both type of tooth and type of root was statistically non-significant (p = 0.051 and 0.869 respectively). As for the individual root with the highest probability of intrusion, the mesio-buccal root of the right third molar is the most frequent root to intrude the sinus (71.4%) and the mesio-buccal root of the right first molar is the least frequent (22.7%). Conclusions In a sample of the Egyptian population, males exhibit higher probability of root protrusion into the sinus than females. The side and type of tooth are of higher impact on the probability of its intrusion into the sinus compared to the type of root. Left second molars are at a higher risk of oroantral communications on surgical or endodontic procedures compared to other molars due to its highest probability of intrusion into the sinus.

scholarly journals A Diagnosis of Maxillary Sinus Fracture with Cone-Beam CT: Case Report and Literature Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selmi Yardimci Yilmaz ◽  
Melda Misirlioglu ◽  
Mehmet Zahit Adisen
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Maxillofacial Trauma ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Emergency Center ◽  
Frontal Wall

The purpose of this article is to present the case of maxillofacial trauma patient with maxillary sinus fracture diagnosed with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to explore the applications of this technique in evaluating the maxillofacial region. A 23-year-old male patient attempted to our clinic who had an injury at midface with complaints of swelling, numbness. The patient was examined before in emergency center but any diagnosis was made about the maxillofacial trauma. The patient re-examined clinically and radiographically. A fracture on the frontal wall of maxillary sinus is determined with the aid of CBCT. The patient consulted with the department of maxillofacial surgery and it is decided that any surgical treatment was not necessary. The emerging technique CBCT would not be the primary choice of imaging maxillofacial trauma. Nevertheless, when advantages considered this imaging procedure could be the modality of choice according to the case.

scholarly journals Versatility of the cone beam computed tomography in oral surgery: an overview

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Kishan G. Panicker ◽  
Anuroopa Pudukulangara Nair ◽  
Bipin Chandra Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Root Apices ◽  
Relationship Of

Cone beam CT (CBCT) produces threedimensional information on the facial skeleton, teeth and their surrounding tissues; and is increasingly being used in many of the dental specialties. This is usually achieved with a substantially lower effective dose compared with conventional medical computed tomography (CT). Periapical pathologies, root fractures, root canal anatomy and the true nature of the alveolar bone topography around teeth may be assessed. CBCT scans are desirable to assess posterior teeth prior to periapical surgery, as the thickness of the cortical and cancellous bone can be accurately determined as can the inclination of roots in relation to the surrounding jaw. The relationship of anatomical structures such as the maxillary sinus and inferior dental nerve to the root apices may also be clearly visualized. Measurements on CBCT are more accurate when compared with OPG. Therefore, CBCT permits the clinician to have all necessary information when planning dental implants. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the unique image display capabilities of maxillofacial CBCT systems and to illustrate specific applications in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Analisis gambaran histogramdan densitas kamar pulpa pada gigi suspek pulpitis reversibel dan ireversibel dengan menggunakan radiografi cone beam computed tomography (Histogram and density analysis of irreversible and reversible pulpitissuspected tooth using cone beam computed tomography radiography)

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Lusi Epsilawati ◽  
Suhardjo Sitam ◽  
Sam Belly ◽  
Fahmi Oscandar
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Pulp Chamber ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Irreversible Pulpitis ◽  
Peak Value

Inflammation of the pulp is most common and difficult to diagnose. For it radiographs is necessary. One attempt to do is to assess its histogram and density. Radiography equipment that has the ability to analyze is cone beam computedtomography (CBCT). The purpose of this study is to analyze radiograph of the pulp chamber histogram: peak value,grayscale and trends, as well as the density on the condition reversible and irreversible pulpitis condition. The populationof this descriptive study is secondary data of CBCT-3D radiographs during 2012-2013. Selected sample of 75 data isreversible pulpitis, irreversible pulpitis 80 data, as well as 20 normal condition data as control. Data were analyzed byone way ANOVAand are presented in tables and graphs. The results showed that the value of the histogram under normalconditions showeda different significance for both the peak value of the reversible or irreversible pulpitis (p= 0.01). It isdifferent with a grayscale value, showed no significant different between normal with reversible pulpitis (p =0.997) and significantly different between normal and pulpitis reversible against pulpitis irrebversible (p= 0.03-0.01). There is a growing trend change is on the right direction of reversible and irreversible pulpitis. It was concluded that the irreversiblepulpitis, density and histogram shows the direction of more luscent compared with normal and reversible pulpitisconditions.

scholarly journals The Anatomical Position and Size of Greater Palatine Foramen and Canal in an Iranian Sample Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solmaz Valizadeh ◽  
Seyedeh Mahshid Ahmadi ◽  
Mitra Ghazizadeh Ahsaie ◽  
Zahra Vasegh ◽  
Navid Jamalzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
P Value ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Anatomical Position ◽  
The Third ◽  
Greater Palatine Foramen ◽  
The Right

Abstract IntroductionDetection of exact location of greater palatine foramen and its anatomical variations are vital prior to posterior maxillary surgeries and gingival grafts. The aim of this study is to determine the anatomical position and size of the greater palatine canal (GPC) and foramen (GPF) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.Materials and methodsIn this descriptive-analytic study, CBCT images of 148 patients were assessed. To determine the anatomical foramen position, the posterior maxilla area was divided into five regions on the axial view (A: from the mesial surface of the second molar to the center of the second molar, B: from the center of the second molar to its distal, C: from the mesial surface of the third molar to the center of the third molar, D: from the center of the third molar to the distal of the third molar, E: distal to the third molar.). The length of the canal was investigated on both coronal and sagittal views. Independent and paired T-test were used to analyze the data.ResultsAmong 80 females -68 males, the anatomical position of the GPF was mainly located in region E on the left (55%) and the right (50%), and then, respectively, in region D and region C. The mean diameter of GPF was 4/48 mm on the left and 4/63 mm on the right side (P-value = 0/01). The average length of the canal on the coronal view was 29.46 mm on the left side and 29.75 mm on the right (P-Value = 0/005). The average length of the canal on the sagittal view was 29.62 mm on the left and 30.02 mm on the right (P-value = 0/001).ConclusionThe anatomical position of the GPF was primarily located distal to the third maxillary molar. CBCT is a valuable diagnostic tool for evaluation of vital anatomic landmarks in the maxillofacial region prior to surgeries and interventions.

Gingival thickness assessment at mandibular incisors of orthodontic patients with ultrasound and cone-beam ct.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Kloukos ◽  
Lydia Kakali ◽  
George Koukos ◽  
Anton Sculean ◽  
Andreas Stavropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Gingival Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

Abstract Background Quantitative and qualitative analysis of several periodontal parameters plays an important role in several dental procedures. Aim of the current study was to assess gingival thickness (GT) at mandibular incisors of orthodontic patients with two methods and determine how these methods are compared to each other when assessing periodontal anatomy through soft tissue thickness.Methods The sample consisted of 40 consecutive adult orthodontic patients. GT was measured at both central mandibular incisors, mid-facially on the buccal aspect, 2mm apically to the free gingival margin with two methods: a) clinically with an Ultrasound device (USD) and b) radiographically with Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).Results CBCT measurements were consistently higher than USD measurements, with the difference ranging from 0.13 mm to 0.21 mm. No difference was noted between the repeated CBCT measurements at the right central incisor (Bias= 0.05 mm; 95% CI= -0.01, 0.11, p=0.104). Although the respective results for the left incisor indicated, statistically, that the measurements were not exactly replicated, the magnitude of the point estimate was small and not clinically significant (Bias= 0.06 mm; 95% CI= 0.01, 0.11, p=0.014). Small differences between CBCT measurements made by the 2 examiners at the left central incisor (bias= 0.06 mm, 95% CI= 0.01, 0.11, p=0.014) were detected. However, this difference was minor, and again, not clinically significant. The respective analysis on the right incisor showed no significant difference (bias= 0.05 mm, 95% CI= -0.01, 0.11, p=0.246).Conclusions Present data indicate that CBCT measurements were highly reproducible and yielded greater values compared to USD measurements.

Sudden Onset of Diplopia and a Skeletal Muscle Antibody

2021 ◽  
pp. 160-162
Author(s):  
John R. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Patent Foramen Ovale ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Foramen Ovale ◽  
Clinical Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

A 62-year-old man with a history of migraine came to the emergency department with sudden onset of horizontal diplopia and, subsequently, bilateral ptosis. He noted feeling unsteady when walking. He reported that the diplopia worsened throughout the day. He had a history of hepatitis C infection. He had some vision loss in his left eye, which was thought to relate to a retinopathy. He disclosed that he had a history of cold feet and had notably high arches. He had a pacemaker because of syncope attributed to sick sinus syndrome. Computed tomography angiography of the head and neck were ruled negative for intracranial stenosis, occlusions, or aneurysms. Computed tomography of the head indicated a tiny lacunar infarct in the right caudate head. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain identified a tiny, periaqueductal, enhancing abnormality in the right midbrain that was thought to be likely ischemic, but there was some concern for a demyelinating or inflammatory lesion. Cerebrospinal fluid evaluation indicated an increased protein concentration. Serologic evaluation for myasthenia gravis striational antibodies were positive at a titer of 1:240. Serum protein studies indicated the presence of polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. Myasthenia gravis was effectively ruled out. Given the hyperacute time course, the patient’s clinical disorder was most probably explained by an ischemic stroke that affected the oculomotor nuclei regions causing ptosis and ophthalmoparesis. On follow-up, the patient was discovered to have a patent foramen ovale. Whether the patent foramen ovale was a contributing factor to the stroke is uncertain. The recurrence rate in this setting is thought to be low relative to other causes of stroke. Ultimately it was decided to not close the patent foramen ovale and to maintain the patient on clopidogrel and adult low-dose aspirin. The onset of diplopia is typically sudden, but this occurs exclusively with vascular pathologic processes. Diplopia that appears intermittently with diurnal variation suggests the possibility of a neuromuscular junction disease such as myasthenia gravis.

scholarly journals Cone-beam computed tomography analysis on root and canal morphology of mandibular first permanent molar among multiracial population in East Coast Malaysian population

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 410-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prunella Ubung Deng ◽  
Mohamad Syahrizal Halim ◽  
Sam'an Malik Masudi ◽  
Saaid Al-Shehadat ◽  
Basaruddin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Malaysian Population ◽  
Permanent Molar ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the variations in the number of root and canal in the mandibular first permanent molars (MFPMs) teeth in East Coast Malaysian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CBCT images which show MFPMs recorded in HUSM Dental Clinic between January 2015 and June 2016 was obtained and analyzed for their number of roots and canals. A total of 208 CBCT images of MFPMs were collected; 118 patients had unilateral molars and 90 patients had bilateral molars. The following observations were made: (1) root number; (2) number of canals per root; and (3) comparisons of number of roots and canals according to gender, ethnicity, and position. Results: The majority of cases of bilateral MFPM had the same number of roots (95.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 89.01%, 98.78%) on both the right and left side and only 4 cases (4.4%, 95% CI: 1.22%, 10.99%) had 3 roots on the right and 2 roots on the left sides. The majority of cases had the same number of canals on both sides (66.7%, 95% CI: 55.95, 76.26%) and 33.3% (95% CI: 23.74%, 44.05%) with unequal number of canals. The occurrence of the number of canals was not independent of the sides of the arch (P < 0.001) and there was statistically significantly greater proportion of cases who had greater number of canals on the right side than the left (P = 0.03). The prevalence of right single-rooted MFPM was very small at 0.3% (n = 1) in a Malay male (95% CI: 0.00, 1.83) and the most prevalent was two roots first molar (88.4%). The number of roots was not associated with sex or ethnic group (P > 0.05). The MFPM with a single root was found to have only one mesial canal. For two rooted MFPM, the most prevalent occurrence was two canals at the mesial and one canal at the distal roots (59%); followed by single canals in each mesial and distal (21%) and double canals per root (18%). Three roots MFPM have either single or double canals in the mesial root and double canals in the distal root. Conclusions: The majority of population in the East Coast region of Malaysia has two roots and three root canals in their MFPMs. There was no difference in the number of roots between gender and ethnic and canals between ethnic.

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