scholarly journals Stamp-Charged Coke-Making Technology—The Effect of Charge Density and the Addition of Semi-Soft Coals on the Structural, Textural and Quality Parameters of Coke

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3401
Author(s):  
Michał Rejdak ◽  
Andrzej Strugała ◽  
Aleksander Sobolewski
Keyword(s):  
Coke Quality ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
World Market ◽  
Coke Production ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Blast Furnace Charge ◽  
Large Fluctuations ◽  
The Cost

Coke is an integral component of the blast furnace charge; therefore, it plays an important role in the integrated steelmaking process. Achieving the required coke quality parameters by producers requires the use of a high proportion of the highest quality coking coals (hard coking coals) in the coking blends, which significantly increases the unit production costs. Approximately 75% of these costs are constituted by the cost of the coal blend’s preparation. There is a deficit in the best quality coking coals on the world market and their supply are characterized by large fluctuations in quality parameters. Therefore, from the point of view of the economics of coke production, it is advantageous to produce high-quality coke from a coke blend with the highest possible content of cheaper coals. The paper presents the results of the influence of coal charge bulk density and semi-soft coking coal content in the coking blend on the textural and structural parameters of coke, which determine its quality. Research has shown that the application of increased density influences the parameters of the texture and structure of the coke, which shape its quality parameters. The use of stamp-charging technology contributes to the improvement of the coke quality or enables the production of coke of a predetermined quality from blends containing cheaper semi-soft coals.

scholarly journals Quality of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings grown on substrates with decomposed babassu palm stem

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romário Martins Costa ◽  
Marcos Renan Lima Leite ◽  
Sâmia dos Santos Matos ◽  
Rayssa Carolinne Mouzinho de Sousa ◽  
Raissa Rachel Salustriano da Silva-Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Babassu Palm ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACT The use of pre-sprouted seedlings in the implantation of sugarcane crops not only reduces the establishment period and production costs, but also has other advantages, such as a lesser requirement of propagules (stems) and greater phytosanitary control of the seedlings, when compared to conventional planting. Commercial substrates are also expensive and their use increases the cost of seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of sugarcane pre-sprouted seedlings grown on substrates with different proportions of decomposed babassu palm stem (DBPS), as well as to recommend the substrate formulation that provides the most favorable environment for the growth and development of sugarcane pre-sprouted seedlings. For preparation of the substrate (S), DBPS and soil were used in the following proportions: S1: 0 % of DBPS + 100 % of soil; S2: 20 % of DBPS + 80 % of soil; S3: 40 % of DBPS + 60 % of soil; S4: 60 % of DBPS + 40 % of soil; S5: 80 % of DBPS + 20 % of soil; S6: 100 % of DBPS + 0 % of soil. The use of S2 and S3 considerably improved the seedling quality parameters, such as sprout diameter and length, number of leaves and total, shoot and root dry mass. However, from an economic point of view, S2 is recommended for use.

scholarly journals Application Study of Sigmoid Regularization Method in Coke Quality Prediction

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shaohong Yan ◽  
Hailong Zhao ◽  
Liangxu Liu ◽  
Qiaozhi Sang ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Coke Quality ◽  
Coke Production ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Quality Prediction ◽  
Sigmoid Function ◽  
Blast Furnace Smelting ◽  
Coke Strength

Coke is an indispensable and vital flue for blast furnace smelting, during which it plays a key role as a reducing agent, heat source, and support skeleton. Models of prediction of coke quality based on ANN are established to map the functional relationship between quality parameters Mt, Ad, Vdaf, St,d, and caking property (X, Y, and G) of mixed coal and quality parameters Ad, St,d, coke reactivity index (CRI), and coke strength after reaction (CSR) of coke. A regularized network training method based on Sigmoid function is designed considering that redundancy of network structure may lead to the learning of undesired noise, in which weights having little impact on performance and leading to overfitting are removed in terms of computational complexity and training errors. The cascade forward neural network with validation is found to be the most suitable one for coke quality prediction, with errors around 5%, followed by feedforward neural network structure and radial basis neural networks. The cascade forward neural network may play a guiding role during the coke production.

Internal cost control of health resort institutions: Methodological aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 804-825
Author(s):  
Margarita F. SAFONOVA ◽  
Evgeniya S. VYALAYA
Keyword(s):  
Cost Control ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Continuous Control ◽  
Health Resort ◽  
Food Treatment ◽  
Tax Management ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Cost

Subject. This article analyzes the activities of therapeutic resort and spa facilities from the point of view of the social importance of the population's health. It discusses the problems of improving the system of cost control and calculating the cost of a unit of services provided by these facilities to obtain reliable information and optimize the costs. Objectives. Based on the analysis of statistical information and scientific sources, the article aims to form an opinion on the state of the health resort complex, the structure of costs, and their share by items and elements in the total amount of production costs, and develop a methodology for their continuous control, taking into account the industry specifics to minimize risks. Methods. For the study, we used analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, literature review, and the calculation, graphical, accounting and analytical methods. Results. The article finds that the service provided by the health resort industry organizations is complex (accommodation, food, treatment) and therefore, it has a multi-element cost structure, which entails certain financial, tax, management risks that need continuous monitoring. Conclusions and Relevance. The proposed methodology helps to continuously control the costs of a multi-component service provided by economic entities of the health resort sector, optimizing them taking into account the industry specifics. This makes it possible to make this service more accessible to all segments of the population. The results of the study can be used in the theory and practice of internal cost control and the formation of the cost of a unit of services provided by the health resort institutions, as well as for further scientific developments and practical application.

scholarly journals Modeling analysis and lightweight design for an axle hub considering stress and fatigue life

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042092993
Author(s):  
Cuixia Zhang ◽  
Quande Dong ◽  
Liangxi Zhang ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Jianqing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Design Cycle ◽  
Stress And Deformation ◽  
Hub Model

The lightweight of axle hub has been recognized as a typical representative of reducing the quality of vehicles for energy saving and emission reduction. Therefore, a modeling analysis and lightweight design based on ANSYS for axle hub is proposed. Firstly, design dimensions and structural parameters of axle hub are modeled. The hub model is imported into workbench software to simulate the static analysis. The stress and deformation of the axle hub are obtained by mesh element division, boundary condition constraints and loading conditions, and the modal and fatigue strength of the hub are simulated to obtain the modal natural frequency and life data. Then, from the point of view of reducing the quality and safety of the hub, the structure of the hub is changed, the model is compared again, and the lightweight design scheme can be obtained. The results show that the weight of a hub decreases by 5.537% after lightening. This method can improve the structure, save materials, reduce production costs, and shorten the design cycle. This lightweight design method has important reference and practical significance for the lightweight design of axle wheels and similar products.

Location Area Design Algorithms for Minimizing Signalling Costs in Mobile Networks

2009 ◽  
pp. 682-695
Author(s):  
Vilmos Simon ◽  
Sándor Imre
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Location Update ◽  
Mobile Environment ◽  
Qos Parameters ◽  
Location Area ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Delay Variation

In the next generation, IP-based mobile networks, one of the most important QoS parameters, are the delay and the delay variation. The cell handover causes incremental signalling traffic, which can be critical from the point of view of delay variation. It worsens the quality parameters of the real-time services, which are the backbone of next generation mobile commercial services. We have designed and implemented two algorithms: a location area forming algorithm (LAFA) and a cell regrouping algorithm (CEREAL), which can help us to guarantee QoS parameters in the next generation mobile networks. We used our realistic mobile environment simulator to generate input statistics on cell changes and incoming calls for our algorithms and by comparing the values of the cost functions proposed by us, we recognized that significant reduction was achieved in the amount of the signalling traffic; the location update cost was decreased by 40-60% in average.

scholarly journals As indústrias têxtil e do vestuário na Comunidade Económica Europeia. Os novos factores de competitividade

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (59/60) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Pires
Keyword(s):  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
World Market ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
The World ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

THE EEC TEXTILE AND CLOTHING INDUSTRIES, THE NEW COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES - In spite of using new technologies, the textile and clothing industries remain intensive in workforce and thus sensitive to wage costs. The European firms must therefore find other competitive advantages based on product differentiation, quality and design. German and Italian T&C industries are good examples of how quality and design can help "mature" industries maintain a successful place in the world market. Nevertheless, the cost of production remains a problem. The use of the outwear processing traffic (OPT) allows the European textile industry to mantain the quality patterns of its products, profiting from cheap workforce. This more advantageous situation is due both to innovation and to low production costs.

scholarly journals Multicriteria model of the process of crushing rock

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Bugaev ◽  
L. A. Korobova ◽  
I. S. Tolstova ◽  
Yu. A. Demina
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Model Quality ◽  
Main Equipment ◽  
Active Experiment ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
The Cost

The article deals with the modernization and adjustment of the fine chalk grinding process. The crushing process is an energy-consuming procedure, annually spent about 5% of all energy produced on Earth, including the energy of internal combustion engines. This indicates its great importance. In addition to the cost of electricity, large expenses go to repair the equipment. The greatest replacements are made on the main working parts of machines. In the course of substitutions a lot of time is spent, in order not to spend this rather important resource, it is necessary to approach this procedure from a scientific point of view. The organization and conduct of research on the replacement of the main working parts of crushers and mills will increase the productivity of the main equipment, improve the quality of the finished product and reduce production costs in terms of energy saving. Modernization and adjustment of technological equipment in order to improve the production process of fine chalk significantly increase the service life of the main equipment. For this purpose, it is proposed to conduct an active experiment. Before carrying out the experiment, it is necessary to set the model. The classical regression analysis is based on the assumption that the model type is a priori specified with accuracy to the parameters, and that an experiment has already been implemented that supplies the initial data for the regression construction. Hence, the problem is to choose the best method of data processing. In this paper, we propose a fundamentally new approach-automatic evaluation of the model options on a set of indicators, the calculation of which is based on a set of pareto-optimal variants of the model.The proposed method made it possible to identify two best alternatives out of 16384. Obviously, this approach can be easily modified for any other set of regression model quality criteria.

Evaluation Of The Functional Of Space-Planning Arrangement Of A Building

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Initial Data ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
The Cost

The article focuses on the problem of the lack of objective evaluation of space-planning arrangement of buildings as a creative approach of the architect to the performing of functional tasks by the object. It is proposed to create a methodology for assessing the functional of space-planning solutions of buildings on the basis of numerical simulation of functional processes using the theory of human flows. There is a description of the prospects of using this method, which makes it possible to increase the coefficient of compactness, materials and works saving, more efficient use of space, reduce the cost of the life cycle of the building, save human forces and time to implement the functional of the building. The necessary initial data for modeling on the example of shopping and shopping-entertainment centers are considered. There are three main tasks for algorithmization of the functional of shopping centers. The conclusion is made about necessity of development of a method for objective assessment of buildings from the point of view of ergonomics of space-planning decisions based on the study of human behavior in buildings of different purposes.

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