scholarly journals The ED/TEG Indicator for the Identification of Endocrine Disrupting or Toxic Effects on Endocrine Glands of Crop Protection Products Used in Organic and Conventional Agriculture in France

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3477
Author(s):  
Adèle Paul ◽  
Johan Spinosi ◽  
Mounia El Yamani ◽  
Anne Maitre ◽  
Barbara Charbotel
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Epidemiological Tool ◽  
High Concern

Studying the human health impacts of pesticides and their endocrine disruptor (ED) effects is a public health concern. The aim of this study is to identify phytopharmaceutical active substances (PAS) that are an ED or are toxic on endocrine glands (TEG), and to propose an ED/TEG effect indicator. Five international official databases were analyzed to identify the occurrence of health outcomes for 458 PAS. Health outcomes targeting seven endocrine systems were selected. For each substance, the level of evidence of the collected information and the number of outcomes were used to affect a level of concern about ED/TEG effects. Among the substances studied, 10% had a global ED/TEG effect classified as ‘high concern’, 55% as ‘medium concern’, 9% as ‘low concern’, and 26% as ‘unknown’. Ten of the high ED/TEG concern substances and 170 medium or low concern substances were licensed in 2018 in France. The outcomes were mainly on the reproductive organs, thyroid, and adrenal glands. Eight of the 41 biocontrol products studied were classified: 5 were ‘high’ or ‘medium concern’ and 3 had ‘unknown effect’. Although the proposed ED/TEG indicator is not an official classification, it can be used as an epidemiological tool for classifying the occupational and environmental risks of substances in retrospective population studies and be useful for occupational health physicians.

Cutaneous Effects of Smoking

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 415-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoli Freiman ◽  
Garrett Bird ◽  
Andrei I. Metelitsa ◽  
Benjamin Barankin ◽  
Gilles J. Lauzon
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
English Language ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Mesh Terms

Background: Cigarette smoking is the single biggest preventable cause of death and disability in developed countries and is a significant public health concern. While known to be strongly associated with a number of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases and cancers, smoking also leads to a variety of cutaneous manifestations. Objective: This article reviews the effects of cigarette smoking on the skin and its appendages. Methods: A literature review was based on a MEDLINE search (1966–2004) for English-language articles using the MeSH terms cutaneous, dermatology, tobacco, skin, and smoking. An additional search was subsequently undertaken for articles related to smoking and associated mucocutanous diseases, with the focus on pathogenesis and epidemiologic data. Articles presenting the highest level of evidence and latest reports were preferentially selected. Results: Smoking is strongly associated with numerous dermatologic conditions including poor wound healing, wrinkling and premature skin aging, squamous cell carcinoma, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, hair loss, oral cancers, and other oral conditions. In addition, it has an impact on the skin lesions observed in diabetes, lupus, and AIDS. The evidence linking smoking and melanoma, eczema, and acne is inconclusive. Anecdotal data exist on the possible protective effects of smoking in oral/genital aphthosis of Behçet's disease, herpes labialis, pyoderma gangrenosum, acral melanoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS patients. Conclusions: An appreciation of the adverse cutaneous consequences of smoking is important. Dermatologists can play an integral role in promoting smoking cessation by providing expert opinion and educating the public on the deleterious effects of smoking on the skin.

scholarly journals Clinical and structural changes in reproductive organs and endocrine glands of sterile cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 774-781
Author(s):  
Evgeny Skovorodin ◽  
Ravil Mustafin ◽  
Svetlana Bogoliuk ◽  
George Bazekin ◽  
Valian Gimranov
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Functional System ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Ovarian Dysfunction ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Pars Anterior

Aim: The study aimed to determine both macroscopic and microscopic changes in the reproductive organs of sterile cows. Materials and Methods: Careful clinical and gynecological examinations (using histological and histochemical methods) of organs of culled sterile cows, such as ovaries, oviducts, the uterus, pars anterior adenohypophysis, thyroid body, and adrenals, were performed. Results: It was found that 20% of the examined cows in the farms of the Republic of Bashkortostan had pathology of reproductive organs. Ovarian dysfunction was diagnosed in 31% of sterile cows. Histological and histochemical studies revealed that high atresia of all types of ovarian follicles is associated with hypofunction of the ovaries. This was related to stromal vascular dystrophy and was accompanied by atrophy of thecal endocrine elements, resulting in decrease of endocrine and generative function of ovaries. Conclusion: Essential elements of the ovarian dysfunction pathogenesis are disorders of the functional system "ovary-pituitary-adrenal-thyroid gland" and the abnormality of utero-ovarian relationships, which differ significantly during hypofunction, in case of follicular cysts, and in case of persistent corpora lutea. This difference in abnormalities of utero-ovarian relationships should be considered when developing diagnostic and treatment methods and determining preventive measures.

scholarly journals The effect of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills (IMB) model variables on Orthorexia Nervosa behaviors of pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Taştekin Ouyaba ◽  
Pınar Çiçekoğlu Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Behavioral Skills

Abstract Purpose This study aims to test the effect of the components of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model on Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) behavior of pregnant women and health outcomes using a hypothetical model. Methods The study is cross-sectional research and was carried out with 350 pregnant women who had the Non-Stress Test in the obstetrics outpatient clinic of a university hospital. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling method. The data were collected with a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the structural equation model.Results It was found that 26.6% of pregnant women had an ON tendency. Higher levels of information on healthy eating cause more ON behaviors (β=-0.25, p<.001). The higher motivation for healthy eating (β=0.71, p<.001) and a higher tendency to ON behaviors (β=-0.18, p=.001) are associated with better health outcomes.Conclusion Our findings show that high levels of information and motivation about healthy eating affect ON tendency and health outcomes. The findings are significant in that they lead and guide the interventions for the detection, prevention, and treatment of ON during pregnancy.Level of Evidence: Level V, cross-sectional study

scholarly journals Diversity of Activities, Emotions, and Pleasant Events and Their Associations With Mental and Cognitive Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 18-18
Author(s):  
Soomi Lee ◽  
Emily Urban-Wojcik ◽  
David Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Daily Experiences ◽  
Limited Opportunity ◽  
Pleasant Events

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically changed the structure of our daily lives. One of the most significant changes is a limited opportunity to engage in face-to-face social interactions and enjoy diverse daily activities. This raises a public health concern, because diverse experiences are critical sources of health by increasing social integration, cognitive reserve, and psychological resources. Recently, two lines of research have consistently shown that activity diversity or emodiversity is associated with multiple health outcomes. However, still more integrated efforts are needed to better understand diversity of daily experiences in various aspects and their contributions to health. This symposium brings together different endeavors towards understanding how diversity of daily experiences – activity diversity, emodiversity, and variety in positive experiences – are associated with health and well-being across adulthood. The topic of this symposium is timely to discuss potential prevention approaches to protect population well-being as the pandemic evolves. Paper 1 examines activity diversity (breadth and evenness of daily activity participation) and how it is related to positive and negative emodiversity (rich and balanced emotional experiences) differently by age groups. Paper 2 investigates the longitudinal relationship between activity variety across cognitive, physical, and social domains and cognitive functioning. Paper 3 examines variety in pleasant events and its associations with mental health outcomes. Paper 4 examines whether and how negative emodiversity is associated with mental illness during COVID-19. The discussant, Dr. David Almeida will integrate key findings from these studies, discuss their theoretical and methodological contributions, and consider opportunities for future research.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF CONVENTIONAL AGRICULTURE (TILLAGE X FERTILIZATION X PLANT PROTECTION) FOR SOYBEAN IN THE TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Felicia Mureșanu ◽  
Teodor Rusu ◽  
Felicia Chețan ◽  
Rozalia Kadar ◽  
Diana Hrișcău
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tillage System

"The purpose of this study was to improve conventional agricultural technologies in soybean crop to ensure a higher yield and reduced environmental impact under climate conditions specific for the Transylvanian Plain. For the experimental design a three-factorial experiment was set up (tillage x fertilization x plant protection products). Factor interaction was evaluated using formula AxBxC-R:4x4x4-3 to highlight the benefits of the practices. This study examined yield crops and size of the soybean plants in an effort to identify best practices. Yield was highly increased in conventional soil tillage system (3420 kg/ha), whereas for the minimum soil tillage system and for direct sowing there were no significant difference 2755-2995 kg/ha and 2605 kg/ha, respectively. Crop performance in terms of yield was highly influenced by the soil tillage system (57.5%), followed by plant protection treatments (22.9%) and fertilization (11.8%). Fertilization with N40P40 + gulle + green fertilizer ensured the highest soybean production (3132 kg/ha). Plant protection treatments during vegetation determined significant yield increases, with high influence of insecticides and a cummulative effect when both fungicides and insecticides were used (3193 kg/ha). Highest size of plants was registered in conventional soil tillage system. Overall crop protection treatments during vegetation (insecticide + fungicide) triggered not significant increases in plant size, except Teo TD soybean cultivar."

scholarly journals First trimester maternal exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals and metals and fetal size in the Michigan Mother–Infant Pairs study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn M. Goodrich ◽  
Mary E. Ingle ◽  
Steven E. Domino ◽  
Marjorie C. Treadwell ◽  
Dana C. Dolinoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Bisphenol S ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
The Impact

AbstractExposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals and metals are near ubiquitous worldwide, and their potential impact on children is a major public health concern. This pilot study was designed to characterize exposures to phthalates, phenols and metals among pregnant women in the first trimester, and to examine associations with fetal biometrics and birth weight. A total of 41 chemicals and elements were analyzed in urine from 56 mothers with full-term newborns from the Michigan Mother–Infant Pairs study. Bivariate analyses identified predictors of exposure biomarkers. Associations between birth weight, Fentonz-scores and second trimester fetal biometrics with toxicants were examined via multivariable linear regression. An average of 30 toxicants were detected in maternal urine. Fast food consumption was associated with several phthalate metabolites, phenols and metals, and canned food consumption with bisphenol F (P<0.05). Mono (3-carboxypropyl) phthalate was significantly associated with higher birth weight and Fentonz-score while the opposite was observed for bisphenol S. Estimated femur length from ultrasonography was significantly inversely associated with arsenic, barium and lead. While limited by sample size, this study is one of the first to evaluate birth outcomes with respect to emerging endocrine disrupting chemicals and to examine associations between toxicants and fetal biometrics. Exposure assessment was provided by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences’ Children’s Health Exposure Analysis Resource (NIEHS CHEAR), a resource available to children’s studies with the goal of combining data across cohorts in an effort to characterize the impact of toxicants on child health from birth and beyond.

scholarly journals Residential Proximity to Agricultural Fields and Neurological and Mental Health Outcomes in Rural Adults in Matlab, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3228
Author(s):  
Khalid M. Khan ◽  
Janesh Karnati ◽  
Ipsita Hamid ◽  
David Koceja ◽  
Mohammad Zahirul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Vibrotactile Threshold ◽  
Agricultural Fields ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Residential Proximity ◽  
Trail Making

Pesticide exposure is an important rural public health concern that is linked to a spectrum of health outcomes in farmers. However, little is known about these effects on residents living in close proximity to agricultural fields and who are not involved in regular farming. This paper compared the effects of residential proximity to farming lands on a number of neurological and mental health outcomes in adults. A cross-sectional study was performed on 57 adults involved in farming only occasionally in rural Matlab in Bangladesh. A health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS) and geocoding were used to define proximity to the agricultural field. Neurological health was measured using the trail making test, vibrotactile threshold measurement, and dominant ulnar nerve conduction velocity (NCV) amplitude. An adapted Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) questionnaire was used to evaluate mental health. Results indicated that respondents living near agricultural fields had significantly higher vibrotactile threshold in big toes (p < 0.004) and needed a longer time to complete the trail making test (p < 0.004) than those living far from fields after accounting for the covariates. Results of this pilot study suggest further investigations to establish the impact of pesticide exposure among occasional and non-farmers on neurological health outcomes.

scholarly journals Effect of exposure to PM10 on child health: evidence based on a large-scale survey from 184 cities in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. e002597
Author(s):  
Bidhubhusan Mahapatra ◽  
Monika Walia ◽  
Wiliam Robert Avis ◽  
Niranjan Saggurti
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Premature Births ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Child Health Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference

IntroductionAir pollution is increasingly becoming a serious global public health concern. Prior studies examining the effect of air pollution on health have ignored the role of households’ hygienic practices and socioeconomic condition, which are key determinants of the health status of a country like India. This study examines the effects of air pollution, measured in levels of particulate matters of size below 10 µg/m3 (PM10), on child-health outcomes after adjusting for hygiene practices.MethodsHealth data from the National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4) and PM10 levels provided by the Central Pollution Control Board were matched for 184 Indian towns/cities. Child health outcomes included neonatal mortality, post-neonatal mortality, premature births, children with symptoms of acute respiratory infections (ARI) and low birth weight. Multilevel mixed-effects models were used to estimate the risk associated with exposure to PM10.ResultAnalyses based on 23 954 births found that every 10-unit increase in PM10 level, increased the risk of neonatal mortality by 6% (adjusted RR (95% CI): 1.02 (1.02 to 1.09)), and the odds of symptoms of ARI among children by 7% (adjusted OR (95% CI): 1.07 (1.03 to 1.12)), and premature births by 8% (adjusted OR (95% CI): 1.08 (1.03 to 1.12)). There was no statistically significant difference in the effect of PM10 on child health regardless of household’s hygienic practices. Effects of PM10 on child health outcomes remained similar for cities whether or not they were part of the National Clean Air Program (NCAP).ConclusionExposure to PM10, regardless of hygienic practices, increases the risk of adverse child health outcomes. Study findings suggest that the focus of mitigating the effects of air pollution should be beyond the towns/cities identified under NCAP. Given the increasing industrialisation and urbanisation, a systemic, coherent approach is required to address the issue of air pollution in India.

144Ce in Tissues of Beagle Dogs After Inhalation of CeCl3 with Special Emphasis on Endocrine Glands and Reproductive Organs

1976 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Cuddihy ◽  
Bruce B. Boecker ◽  
Roger O. McClellan ◽  
George M. Kanapilly
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Beagle Dogs
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