scholarly journals Prenatal Bisphenol a Exposure, DNA Methylation, and Low Birth Weight: A Pilot Study in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6144
Author(s):  
Yu-Fang Huang ◽  
Chia-Huang Chang ◽  
Pei-Jung Chen ◽  
I-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Yen-An Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
System Development ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Blood Samples

Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) may increase the risk of abnormal birth outcomes, and DNA methylation might mediate these adverse effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal BPA exposure on maternal and fetal DNA methylation levels and explore whether epigenetic changes are related to the associations between BPA and low birth weight. We collected urine and blood samples originating from 162 mother-infant pairs in a Taiwanese cohort study. We measured DNA methylation using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation 450 BeadChip in 34 maternal blood samples with high and low BPA levels based on the 75th percentile level (9.5 μg/g creatinine). Eighty-seven CpGs with the most differentially methylated probes possibly interacting with BPA exposure or birth weight were selected using two multiple regression models. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was utilized to narrow down 18 candidate CpGs related to disease categories, including developmental disorders, skeletal and muscular disorders, skeletal and muscular system development, metabolic diseases, and lipid metabolism. We then validated these genes by pyrosequencing, and 8 CpGs met the primer design score requirements in 82 cord blood samples. The associations among low birth weight, BPA exposure, and DNA methylation were analyzed. Exposure to BPA was associated with low birth weight. Analysis of the epigenome-wide findings did not show significant associations between BPA and DNA methylation in cord blood of the 8 CpGs. However, the adjusted odds ratio for the dehydrogenase/reductase member 9 (DHRS9) gene, at the 2nd CG site, in the hypermethylated group was significantly associated with low birth weight. These results support a role of BPA, and possibly DHRS9 methylation, in fetal growth. However, additional studies with larger sample sizes are warranted.

Associations between maternal prenatal stress, methylation changes in IGF1 and IGF2, and birth weight

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Montoya-Williams ◽  
J. Quinlan ◽  
C. Clukay ◽  
N. C. Rodney ◽  
D. A. Kertes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Prenatal Stress ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Tissue Samples

Maternal stress has been linked to low birth weight in newborns. One potential pathway involves epigenetic changes at candidate genes that may mediate the effects of prenatal maternal stress on birth weight. This relationship has been documented in stress-related genes, such as NR3C1. There is less literature exploring the effect of stress on growth-related genes. IGF1 and IGF2 have been implicated in fetal growth and development, though via different mechanisms as IGF2 is under imprinting control. In this study, we tested for associations between prenatal stress, methylation of IGF1 and IGF2, and birth weight. A total of 24 mother–newborn dyads in the Democratic Republic of Congo were enrolled. Ethnographic interviews were conducted with mothers at delivery to gather culturally relevant war-related and chronic stressors. DNA methylation data were generated from maternal venous, cord blood and placental tissue samples. Multivariate regressions were used to test for associations between stress measures, DNA methylation and birth weight in each of the three tissue types. We found an association between IGF2 methylation in maternal blood and birth weight. Previous literature on the relationship between IGF2 methylation and birth weight has focused on methylation at known differentially methylated regions in cord blood or placental samples. Our findings indicate there may be links between the maternal epigenome and low birth weight that rely on mechanisms outside known imprinting pathways. It thus may be important to consider the effect of maternal exposures and epigenetic profiles on birth weight even in the setting of maternally imprinted genes such as IGF2.

Tissue differences in DNA methylation changes at AHRR in full term low birth weight in maternal blood, placenta and cord blood in Chinese

Placenta ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Ying Tian ◽  
Marie-France Hivert ◽  
Xiaozhong Wen ◽  
Chuanbo Xie ◽  
Zhongzheng Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Tissue Differences

scholarly journals The effect of paternal methyl-group donor intake on offspring DNA methylation and birth weight

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pauwels ◽  
I. Truijen ◽  
M. Ghosh ◽  
R. C. Duca ◽  
S. A. S. Langie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Dna Hydroxymethylation ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Nutritional Studies

Most nutritional studies on the development of children focus on mother–infant interactions. Maternal nutrition is critically involved in the growth and development of the fetus, but what about the father? The aim is to investigate the effects of paternal methyl-group donor intake (methionine, folate, betaine, choline) on paternal and offspring global DNA (hydroxy)methylation, offspringIGF2DMR DNA methylation, and birth weight. Questionnaires, 7-day estimated dietary records, whole blood samples, and anthropometric measurements from 74 fathers were obtained. A total of 51 cord blood samples were collected and birth weight was obtained. DNA methylation status was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (global DNA (hydroxy)methylation) and pyrosequencing (IGF2DMR methylation). Paternal betaine intake was positively associated with paternal global DNA hydroxymethylation (0.028% per 100 mg betaine increase, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.053,P=0.03) and cord blood global DNA methylation (0.679% per 100 mg betaine increase, 95% CI: 0.057, 1.302,P=0.03). Paternal methionine intake was positively associated with CpG1 (0.336% per 100 mg methionine increase, 95% CI: 0.103, 0.569,P=0.006), and mean CpG (0.201% per 100 mg methionine increase, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.402,P=0.049) methylation of theIGF2DMR in cord blood. Further, a negative association between birth weight/birth weight-for-gestational agez-score and paternal betaine/methionine intake was found. In addition, a positive association between choline and birth weight/birth weight-for-gestational agez-score was also observed. Our data indicate a potential impact of paternal methyl-group donor intake on paternal global DNA hydroxymethylation, offspring global andIGF2DMR DNA methylation, and prenatal growth.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Malaria and Associated Factors among Delivering Mothers in Northwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Asmamaw Limenih ◽  
Woynshet Gelaye ◽  
Getaneh Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Plasmodium Infection ◽  
Blood Samples

Background. Malaria is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality especially in pregnant women and under-five-year-old children. However, data on the prevalence among delivering mothers, potential fetal transmission, and associated birth outcomes is lacking in Ethiopia. Objective. To assess the prevalence of Plasmodium infection from peripheral, placental, and cord blood samples among delivering mothers in Kuch health center, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 218 delivering mothers from February to May 2021 in Kuch health center. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and clinical and obstetric history of mothers were collected using a structured questionnaire. Giemsa stained blood films from maternal capillary and placental and umbilical cord blood were examined for plasmodium infection. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23 software package. Results. The prevalence of maternal, placental, and umbilical cord malaria was 6.4% (14/218), 2.3% (5/218), and 0.5% (1/218), respectively. Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax accounted 3.7% (8/218) and 2.8% (6/218), respectively, in maternal peripheral blood but only Plasmodium falciparum was detected in placental and umbilical cord blood samples. Maternal malaria had significant association with primigravida ( χ 2 = 12.611 , p = 0.002 ) and low birth weight ( χ 2 = 8.381 , p = 0.004 ). Placental malaria was also significantly associated with low birth weight ( χ 2 = 32.255 , p ≤ 0.001 ). Conclusion. The prevalence of malaria among delivering mothers was considerable. Maternal peripheral malaria had a significant association with gravidity and birth weight. Placental and umbilical cord malaria also had a significant association with birth weight. Pregnant mothers should be examined for malaria and receive appropriate treatment to prevent adverse birth outcomes.

scholarly journals Maternal hypertension-related genes affect the fetal growth via placenta

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Sato ◽  
Ayako Fudono ◽  
Chihiro Imai ◽  
Hidemi Takimoto ◽  
Iori Tarui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Maternal Hypertension ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maternal Blood Pressure

Abstract Low birth weight is associated with the development of cardio-metabolic diseases later in life1-4. A recent Mendelian Randomization Study concluded that the susceptibility of low-birth-weight infants to develop hypertension during adulthood is due to the inheritance of hypertension genes from the mother, and not to an unfavorable intrauterine environment5. Therein, it has been assumed that low birth weight is caused by maternal hypertension5,6, although there is no evidence to support such a linear relationship. In the present study, we have noted that most of blood pressure SNPs are related to vascular regulation7-9 and found that the relationship between maternal blood pressure-increasing polygenic score and reduction of offspring birth weight is mediated by a reduced growth of the placenta but not by the mother's high blood pressure. This suggests that the risk of hypertension of low-birth-weight infants may result from a poor placental environment.

Antioxidant Levels in Cord Blood of Term Low Birth Weight Neonates Requiring Delivery Room Resuscitation

2021 ◽  
pp. 097321792199140
Author(s):  
Rimjhim Sonowal ◽  
Anamika Jain ◽  
V. Bhargava ◽  
H.D. Khanna ◽  
Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Delivery Room ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Major Congenital Malformations

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of various antioxidants, namely, vitamin A and E, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the cord blood of term low birth weight (LBW) neonates who required delivery room resuscitation (DRR). Materials and Methods: This case control study included 37 term LBW neonates who needed DRR as cases and 44 term neonates as controls (15 term LBW and 29 term normal birth weight) who did not require resuscitation at birth. Neonates suffering from major congenital malformations, infection, or hemolytic disease were excluded. Standard methods were used to measure the levels of vitamin A, vitamin E, SOD, catalase, and GPx levels in the cord blood. Results: Vitamin A and E levels were significantly low in cases compared to term LBW controls as well as term normal birth weight controls. Levels of SOD, GPx, and catalase were comparable in different study groups. Conclusion: Our study shows that term LBW neonates requiring DRR had significantly low levels of vitamin A and E in their cord blood. This might compromise their ability to tolerate oxidative stress during DRR.

scholarly journals Handling Associated with Drenching Does Not Impact Survival and General Health of Low Birth Weight Piglets

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Kevin Van Tichelen ◽  
Sara Prims ◽  
Miriam Ayuso ◽  
Céline Van Kerschaver ◽  
Mario Vandaele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Panel Test ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
The Mean

The increase in litter sizes in recent years has resulted in more low birth weight (LBW) piglets, accompanied by a higher mortality. A potential intervention to overcome this is drenching bioactive substances. However, if the act of drenching provokes additional stress in LBW piglets, it might counteract the supplement’s effect and be detrimental for the piglet’s survival. To study the effect of the drenching act, piglets from 67 sows were weighed within 4 h after birth. The mean litter birth weight (MLBW) and standard deviation (SD) were calculated. LBW piglets (n = 76) were defined as weighing between (MLBW-1*SD) and (MLBW-2.5*SD). They were randomly allocated to two treatments: “sham” (conducting the act of drenching by inserting an empty 2.5 mL syringe in the mouth during 20 s, once a day, d1 till d7; n = 37) or “no treatment” (no handling; n = 39). On day 1, 3, 9, 24 and 38, piglets were weighed and scored for skin lesions. Blood samples were collected on day 9 and 38 and analyzed to determine glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), urea, immunoglobulin G (IgG), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and a standard blood panel test. There was no difference between sham drenched and untreated piglets regarding any of the parameters. In conclusion, this study showed that drenching does not impose a significant risk to LBW piglets and can be applied safely during the first 7 days after birth.

scholarly journals Corrigendum to “High urinary concentrations of parabens and bisphenol A in very low birth weight infants” [Chemosphere 271 (2021) 129570]

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 130613
Author(s):  
Kenneth Strømmen ◽  
Jan Ludvig Lyche ◽  
Sissel Jennifer Moltu ◽  
Mette H.B. Müller ◽  
Elin Wahl Blakstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants

CAPACITY OF THYROXINE-BINDING GLOBULIN TO BIND TRIIODOTHYRONINE AND THYROXINE IN MATERNAL AND CORD BLOOD

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-375
Author(s):  
William M. Michener ◽  
W. Newlon Tauxe ◽  
Alvin B. Hayles
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Quantitative Difference ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin

Normal values for the measurement of thyroidal function using the erythrocytic uptake of I131-labeled triiodothyronine and the thyroxine-binding capacity of the inter-alpha globulin were established. Paired maternal and cord blood samples collected at the time of delivery were studied with these methods. The erythrocytic uptake of labeled hormone was increased in cord blood as compared to maternal blood. Cord blood apparently binds exogenous triiodothyronine in a different manner than it does exogenous thyroxine. Whether this is a qualitative or quantitative difference was not shown in this study.

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