scholarly journals Adopting Artificial Intelligence in Public Healthcare: The Effect of Social Power and Learning Algorithms

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12682
Author(s):  
Tara Qian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Power Pattern

Although the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is still in its early stages, it is important to understand the factors influencing its adoption. Using a qualitative multi-case study of three hospitals in China, we explored the research of factors affecting AI adoption from a social power perspective with consideration of the learning algorithm abilities of AI systems. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participative observations, and document analysis, and analyzed using NVivo 11. We classified six social powers into knowledge-based and non-knowledge-based power structures, revealing a social power pattern related to the learning algorithm ability of AI.

Value co-creation in the B2B context: a diagnosis of knowledge management based on multiple case studies

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Bonamigo ◽  
Camila Guimarães Frech ◽  
Ana Carolina Custódio Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Knowledge Asymmetry ◽  
Business To Business ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to empirically investigate how organizations delivering services in business-to-business relations deal with the boundary paradox and knowledge asymmetry in value co-creation. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a qualitative multiple case study strategy. Datas were gathered through 13 semi-structured interviews that were then analyzed through the content analysis. Findings The authors identified three mechanisms that organizations use to deal with the boundary paradox and two strategies to handle the knowledge asymmetry. Research limitations/implications First, no opportunities were afforded to involve more participants. Second, owning to confidentiality reasons, not all organizations provided us documents to be analyzed. Practical implications The findings guide managers in balancing the use of contracts and trust in inter-firm collaborations and fostering the learning of customers. Also, insights to protect knowledge based on the paradox of openness in value co-creation. Originality/value This study’s findings address the gap in value co-creation literature concerning the lack of empirical studies.

Teachers' Attitudes Towards the Use of Tablets in Six EFL Classrooms

2020 ◽  
pp. 284-298
Author(s):  
Aysegul Liman Kaban ◽  
Isil Boy Ergul
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Efl Classrooms ◽  
Teachers Attitudes

This research study intends to explore teachers' use of tablets to in six EFL classrooms. The case study covers one private primary school in Istanbul, Turkey. Through the analysis of semi-structured interviews, the aim is to find out the factors affecting EFL teachers use of tablets, their attitudes towards using these devices, and the advantages and disadvantages they see in using tablets in their teaching. The study focuses on teachers' perspective as they are by and large ignored when it comes to the introduction of new technologies in educational institutions.

scholarly journals Social Networks and Supply Chain Management in Fish Trade

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402093181
Author(s):  
Carmen Pedroza-Gutiérrez ◽  
Juan M. Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to construct a theoretical framework to analyze the elements of the network structure and the relationship system within the seafood supply chain. The scope of the investigation is to evaluate how these elements influence the flow of products and the efficiency of the seafood supply chain and why these social interactions can create value and enhance competitive advantage. The model combines the resource- and knowledge-based view and the social network analysis applied to seafood supply chains. To demonstrate the application of the model, two theoretical examples and a real case study of the Mercado del Mar in Guadalajara, Mexico, are used. Primary data are obtained from semi-structured interviews, social network analysis metrics, and qualitative analysis. Findings are based on the analysis of theoretical examples and must be considered with caution. Nevertheless, the observations in the examples and case study provide new arguments to the relationship between the pattern of interrelationship and the efficiency of a supply chain. This study emphasizes the necessity of combining quantitative and qualitative analyses to understand and explain real-life supply networks.

scholarly journals Introducing artificial intelligence into a human resources function

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
Wilfried Niehueser ◽  
George Boak
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Employee Training ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Similar Work ◽  
A Company

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the attitudes of employees in a company dedicated to strategic recruitment towards the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) into their work processes and to consider the implications for training and development. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were carried out with seven employees who were using the new technology. Survey data was gathered from 109 employees who had not, at the time of the research, used the new technology. Findings The introduction of AI considerably improved the speed and efficiency of the work processes. The research found that those employees who had used the new technology were positive about its effects, indicating that it was easy to use, robust and highly productive. A proportion of employees who had not, at the time of the research, used the new system, were less sure that it would improve their ability to do their job. Implications for introducing such a system and for employee training are discussed. Research limitations/implications This is a relatively small sample in one organisation; further research should be undertaken to assess whether these findings apply more widely. Practical implications If these attitudes are found elsewhere, there are a number of simple, practical suggestions for how to introduce AI into similar work processes. Originality/value The use of AI is a topic attracting increasing interest and speculation, but there is as yet little empirical research on factors affecting its introduction and use.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF CULTUROLOGICAL DIMENSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
D. A. Funtova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain

High technologies have stimulated a rapidly growing knowledge-based paradigm. Therewith particular sciences seem to have separated from each other. Respectively, it brought to a certain misunderstanding about knowledge being differently directed and unreliable. Take, for instance, artificial intelligence, which is often discussed today by science and mass media. This phenomenon serves as a good example of a knowledge-based paradigm in action: it combines chemistry, computer science, engineering, linguistics, medicine, physics, philosophy and psychology. Culturology, as the broadest of the sciences, allows to comprehend artificial intelligence and opportunities it grants. Theoretically, a complete decoding of the brain cognitive processes will allow to predict the actions of the individual, to imitate and prototype him, as well as to create a model of artificial intelligence based on human intelligence. However, the modern science has not yet produced the method of such a decoding. The article considers the key differences between artificial intelligence and the human mind in accordance with relevant scientific data. The philosophy of mind and sensual subjective experience (qualia) are discussed, with the latter’s impact on culture and on individual’s life (a case study of the author’s experience of smell loss and its transformation) being analyzed. The article specifies how artificial intelligence shapes the axiological dimension of culture.

scholarly journals Radiologists in the loop: the roles of radiologists in the development of AI applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian Scheek ◽  
Mohammad. H. Rezazade Mehrizi ◽  
Erik Ranschaert
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Development Teams ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quality Controller

Abstract Objectives To examine the various roles of radiologists in different steps of developing artificial intelligence (AI) applications. Materials and methods Through the case study of eight companies active in developing AI applications for radiology, in different regions (Europe, Asia, and North America), we conducted 17 semi-structured interviews and collected data from documents. Based on systematic thematic analysis, we identified various roles of radiologists. We describe how each role happens across the companies and what factors impact how and when these roles emerge. Results We identified 9 roles that radiologists play in different steps of developing AI applications: (1) problem finder (in 4 companies); (2) problem shaper (in 3 companies); (3) problem dominator (in 1 company); (4) data researcher (in 2 companies); (5) data labeler (in 3 companies); (6) data quality controller (in 2 companies); (7) algorithm shaper (in 3 companies); (8) algorithm tester (in 6 companies); and (9) AI researcher (in 1 company). Conclusions Radiologists can play a wide range of roles in the development of AI applications. How actively they are engaged and the way they are interacting with the development teams significantly vary across the cases. Radiologists need to become proactive in engaging in the development process and embrace new roles. Key Points • Radiologists can play a wide range of roles during the development of AI applications. • Both radiologists and developers need to be open to new roles and ways of interacting during the development process. • The availability of resources, time, expertise, and trust are key factors that impact how actively radiologists play roles in the development process.

scholarly journals Exploring the Decision to Volunteer Online in Health Virtual Community

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Norzaila Mohamad Nor ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Community ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Human Aspects ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Work Family

This paper is part of ongoing research seeking to explore why doctors volunteering online through health virtual community (HVC). Although many studies have investigated the reasons individual volunteer online, there has been scant research on the decision that influence doctors to participate online via HVC. Here, researchers report on the factors that influence doctors to volunteer online in HVC as the doctor’s heavy workload may postulated source of work-family conflict. A qualitative case study approach was used to explore and understand why doctors volunteering online in a HVC called DoktorBudak.com (DB). Seventeen semi-structured interviews were conducted with pediatricians and pediatricians related specialists. Important factors related to technological and human aspects were identified. Factors were related to information and communication technology (ICT), knowledge sharing, peers influence and rewards. This qualitative study offer some unique insights about factors affecting doctors volunteering online in HVC, which were rarely addressed in the existing literature of online volunteer. Since the healthcare system is undergoing the digitalization revolution through the inception of the HVCs, this study had discussed the factors that must be in place for digital systems to be operative.

scholarly journals A knowledge-based view of analytics capability in purchasing and supply management

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Öhman ◽  
Ala Arvidsson ◽  
Patrik Jonsson ◽  
Riikka Kaipia
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Supply Management ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Analytics Capability

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to elaborate on how analytics capability develops within the PSM function. This study is an in-depth exploration of how analytics capability develops within the purchasing and supply management (PSM) function.Design/methodology/approachA multiple case study was conducted of the PSM function of six case firms, in which primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews with PSM analytics stakeholders. The data were analyzed based on an analytics capability framework derived from the literature. Cases were chosen based on them having advanced PSM practices and ongoing analytics projects in the PSM area.FindingsThe findings shed light on how the firms develop their analytics capability in the PSM functional area. While we identify several commonalities in this respect, the authors also observe differences in how firms organize for analytics, bringing analytics and PSM decision-makers together. Building on the knowledge-based view of the firm, The authors offer a theoretical explanation of our observations, highlighting the user-driven side of analytics development, which has largely been unrecognized by prior literature. The authors also offer an explanation of the observed dual role that analytics takes in cross-functional initiatives.Research limitations/implicationsThe exploratory nature of our study limits the generalizability of our results. Further, our limited number of cases and interviewees indicate that there is still much to explore in the phenomenon of developing analytics capability.Practical implicationsOur findings can help firms gain a better understanding of how they could develop their analytics capability and what issues they need to consider when seeking leveraging data through analytics for PSM decisions.Originality/valueThis paper is, to the best knowledge of the authors, the first empirical study of analytics capability in PSM.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Bhutanese Secondary School Students’ Ability in Solving Mathematical Word Problems: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Phuntsho Wangmo
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Word Problems ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
School Students ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Mathematical Word Problems

Mathematical word problems are part of the school curriculum and are taught at all levels of education in Bhutan. However, it poses difficulties for many students because of the complexity of the solution process. There are various factors that affect students’ ability to solve mathematical word problems. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting Bhutanese secondary school students' ability to solve mathematical word problems. This study employed a qualitative case study approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. Four mathematics teachers and four students were selected as participants based on purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that factors such as language proficiency, reading skills, and contextual understanding affect students' ability in solving mathematical word problems. Moreover, the language proficiency of students, as well as teachers, was the most important factor for solving mathematical word problems. The study recommends the Ministry of Education places more importance on reading activities across schools in Bhutan to enhance language proficiency.

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