scholarly journals Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat Analysis of Clonal Complex 17 Serotype III Group B Streptococcus Strains Causing Neonatal Invasive Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11626
Author(s):  
Jen-Fu Hsu ◽  
Jang-Jih Lu ◽  
Chih Lin ◽  
Shih-Ming Chu ◽  
Lee-Chung Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Comparative Sequence Analysis ◽  
Rflp Pattern ◽  
Invasive Diseases ◽  
Short Palindromic Repeat ◽  
Group B

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important pathogen of neonatal infections, and the clonal complex (CC)-17/serotype III GBS strain has emerged as the dominant strain. The clinical manifestations of CC17/III GBS sepsis may vary greatly but have not been well-investigated. A total of 103 CC17/III GBS isolates that caused neonatal invasive diseases were studied using a new approach based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) loci and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses. All spacers of CRISPR loci were sequenced and analyzed with the clinical presentations. After CRISPR-RFLP analyses, a total of 11 different patterns were observed among the 103 CRISPR-positive GBS isolates. GBS isolates with the same RFLP patterns were found to have highly comparable spacer contents. Comparative sequence analysis of the CRISPR1 spacer content revealed that it is highly diverse and consistent with the dynamics of this system. A total of 29 of 43 (67.4%) spacers displayed homology to reported phage and plasmid DNA sequences. In addition, all CC17/III GBS isolates could be categorized into three subgroups based on the CRISPR-RFLP patterns and eBURST analysis. The CC17/III GBS isolates with a specific CRISPR-RFLP pattern were more significantly associated with occurrences of severe sepsis (57.1% vs. 29.3%, p = 0.012) and meningitis (50.0% vs. 20.8%, p = 0.009) than GBS isolates with RFLP lengths between 1000 and 1300 bp. Whole-genome sequencing was also performed to verify the differences between CC17/III GBS isolates with different CRISPR-RFLP patterns. We concluded that the CRISPR-RFLP analysis is potentially applicable to categorizing CC17/III GBS isolates, and a specific CRISPR-RFLP pattern could be used as a new biomarker to predict meningitis and illness severity after further verification.

scholarly journals Invasion and trafficking of hypervirulent group B streptococci in polarized enterocytes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253242
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Valerio De Gaetano ◽  
Germana Lentini ◽  
Roberta Galbo ◽  
Francesco Coppolino ◽  
Agata Famà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Endocytic Pathway ◽  
Cell Junctions ◽  
Neonatal Infections ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group B

Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus or GBS) is a commensal bacterium that can frequently behave as a pathogen, particularly in the neonatal period and in the elderly. The gut is a primary site of GBS colonization and a potential port of entry during neonatal infections caused by hypervirulent clonal complex 17 (CC17) strains. Here we studied the interactions between the prototypical CC17 BM110 strain and polarized enterocytes using the Caco-2 cell line. GBS could adhere to and invade these cells through their apical or basolateral surfaces. Basolateral invasion was considerably more efficient than apical invasion and predominated under conditions resulting in weakening of cell-to-cell junctions. Bacterial internalization occurred by a mechanism involving caveolae- and lipid raft-dependent endocytosis and actin re-organization, but not clathrin-dependent endocytosis. In the first steps of Caco-2 invasion, GBS colocalized with the early endocytic marker EEA-1, to later reside in acidic vacuoles. Taken together, these data suggest that CC17 GBS selectively adheres to the lateral surface of enterocytes from which it enters through caveolar lipid rafts using a classical, actin-dependent endocytic pathway. These data may be useful to develop alternative preventive strategies aimed at blocking GBS invasion of the intestinal barrier.

Letter to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-158
Author(s):  
Sarmistha B. Hauger
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Negative Blood Culture ◽  
Letter To The Editor ◽  
The Face ◽  
Important Addition ◽  
Group B

I find the report by Nudelman et al of this 11-week-old infant with group B streptococcal extremity cellulitis interesting in several aspects. First, this report is an important addition to our knowledge of the clinical manifestations of group B Streptococcus (GBS) infections. The negative blood culture in the face of a positive aspirate culture is surprising in that given the child's presentation with irritability and fever, one would have expected the infant to be septic.

scholarly journals 158. Invasive Group B Streptococcal Diseases in Adults: A Retrospective Study in Thailand (2013–2017)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S105-S105
Author(s):  
Nasikarn Angkasekwinai ◽  
Nantaporn Pirogard ◽  
Pakpoom Phoompoung ◽  
Amornrut Leelaporn
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Invasive Diseases ◽  
Siriraj Hospital ◽  
Group B ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background Group B Streptococcus (GBS) has been increasingly associated with invasive diseases in nonpregnant adults. This study aims to describe the epidemiology of invasive GBS (iGBS) diseases in adult patients. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Siriraj Hospital between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2017. We included adult patients with a positive culture of GBS isolated from sterile sites. Results Among 224 patients recruited to the study, 170 patients (75.9%) had bacteremia. The median age of all patients was 63 years (IQR 53–73 years) and 52.7% were female. Approximately 80% of all patients had comorbid diseases. Diabetes mellitus (38.8%), cancer (18.8%) and heart disease (12.5%) were the three most common comorbidities. Skin and soft-tissue infection (30.8%), septic arthritis (21.4%), primary bacteremia (21%), and meningitis (7.1%) were the four most common presenting syndrome of iGBS diseases. Overall mortality within 30 days of infection was 12%. Non-survived patients were older, had chronic kidney disease, bacteremia, pneumonia and had at least one comorbidity than survived patients. However, only pneumonia was found independently associated with the 30-day overall mortality, with adjusted odd ratio (aOR) of 24.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.95–104.75). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 69 isolates demonstrated that 7 (10%) and 9 (13%) were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, respectively. All isolates remain susceptible to penicillin. Conclusion Invasive GBS is an emerging disease in non-pregnant adults particularly in elderly and diabetes mellitus patients. Two-thirds of iGBS patients have concomittant bacteremia. Even though the overall mortality was 12% but a significant morbidity was observed. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Emergence of the First Levofloxacin-Resistant Strains of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated in Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 2466-2469 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Piccinelli ◽  
F. Gargiulo ◽  
S. Corbellini ◽  
G. Ravizzola ◽  
C. Bonfanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Topoisomerase Iv ◽  
Double Mutation ◽  
Unknown Significance ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Group B ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTOf 901 group B streptococcus strains analyzed, 13 (1.4%) were resistant to levofloxacin (MICs of >32 μg/ml for seven isolates, 2 μg/ml for four isolates, and 1.5 μg/ml for four isolates). Mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrase and topoisomerase IV were identified. A double mutation involving the Ser-81 change to Leu forgyrAand the Ser-79 change to Phe or to Tyr forparCwas linked to a high level of fluoroquinolone resistance. In addition, two other mutational positions inparCwere observed, resulting in an Asp-83-to-Tyr substitution and an Asp-83-to-Asn substitution. Different mutations were also observed ingyrB, with unknown significance. Most levofloxacin-resistant GBS strains were of serotype Ib and belonged to sequence type 19 (ST19) and clonal complex 19 (CC-19). Most of them exhibited theepsilongene.

scholarly journals Structural and Genetic Diversity of Group B Streptococcus Capsular Polysaccharides

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 3096-3103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Cieslewicz ◽  
Donald Chaffin ◽  
Gustavo Glusman ◽  
Dennis Kasper ◽  
Anup Madan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Antigenic Variation ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Synthetic Enzymes ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important pathogen of neonates, pregnant women, and immunocompromised individuals. GBS isolates associated with human infection produce one of nine antigenically distinct capsular polysaccharides which are thought to play a key role in virulence. A comparison of GBS polysaccharide structures of all nine known GBS serotypes together with the predicted amino acid sequences of the proteins that direct their synthesis suggests that the evolution of serotype-specific capsular polysaccharides has proceeded through en bloc replacement of individual glycosyltransferase genes with DNA sequences that encode enzymes with new linkage specificities. We found striking heterogeneity in amino acid sequences of synthetic enzymes with very similar functions, an observation that supports horizontal gene transfer rather than stepwise mutagenesis as a mechanism for capsule variation. Eight of the nine serotypes appear to be closely related both structurally and genetically, whereas serotype VIII is more distantly related. This similarity in polysaccharide structure strongly suggests that the evolutionary pressure toward antigenic variation exerted by acquired immunity is counterbalanced by a survival advantage conferred by conserved structural motifs of the GBS polysaccharides.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification of Invasive Non-typeable Group B Streptococcus Isolates From Denmark (2015 to 2017)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Christian Slotved ◽  
Kurt Fuursted ◽  
Ioanna Drakaki Kavalari ◽  
Steen Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Genotype V

The number of invasive Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) non-typeable (NT) isolates in Denmark received since 1999 has in general accounted for 10% of all invasive GBS isolates. We present data on 55 clinical NT isolates based on clinical manifestations, clonal relationship, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants, and virulence factors. The GBS isolates included in this study were phenotypic-based NT obtained from 2015 to 2017, as well as 10 reference isolates. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on all isolates and the data were analyzed for the presence of both species specific genes, capsular genes (genotype), and other relevant genes. We furthermore compared different procedures for detection of serotype specific capsular genes. Overall we were able to genotype 54 of the 55 isolates. After retesting the isolates a phenotype was detected for 20 (36%) isolates, of which the initial phenotyping problem for 13 isolates was found to be due to a problem with serotype Ia specific antiserum. Thirty-five isolates remained phenotypic non-typeable with a majority of genotype V isolates which do not express a capsular gene. From all the Danish invasive GBS isolates from 2015 to 2017, the 35 NT isolates were all detected in the age group above 21 years with bacteremia. The 35 NT isolates belonged to six different well-known human pathogenic clonal complexes. The CDC recommended sequences for capsule genotyping were the most optimal for serotype prediction, because of the sequence simplicity and clear cutoff values. However we recommend to also use other capsular sequences for the NT isolates, if they cannot be genotyped by the CDC method.

scholarly journals Genotyping and Phylogenetic Analysis of Group B Streptococcus by Multiple Locus Variable Number Tandem Repeat Analysis in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e1121
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Khodaei ◽  
Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani ◽  
Naser Alizadeh ◽  
Alka Hassani ◽  
Mohammad Najafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tandem Repeat ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Multiple Locus ◽  
Repeat Analysis ◽  
Invasive Diseases ◽  
Group B ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS), also known as Streptococcus agalactiae, is well known as a causative agent for neonatal invasive diseases; it is also a major pathogen in adults. Analytic epidemiology is required to monitor the clinical isolates of GBS. However, there is insufficient information on the genetic background of GBS in Iran, and this information is needed to guide and develop a GBS vaccine. Materials and Methods: In total, 90 well-characterized GBS isolates were collected from April 2014 to August 2015. In this study, molecular typing was used to disclose a relationship between the multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) types, serotyping, and pilus islands. The isolates were characterized by the types of capsular polysaccharides and pilus islands and were examined by MLVA to study the epidemiological relationship of isolates. Results: The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between the distribution of serotypes and pilus island genes; GBS isolates were differentiated into 12 types by capsular polysaccharides and pilus islands analysis. The discriminatory power of an MLVA analysis was high based on the five most variable numbers of tandem repeat loci and 44 MLVA types that were identified. Conclusions: This study has provided useful insights into the genetic heterogeneity of GBS isolates in Tehran and Alborz, Iran. The extensive distribution of pilus islands in various serotypes and MLVA types throughout the GBS population refers to the advancement of the pilus-based GBS vaccines. [GMJ.2018;7:e1121]

scholarly journals Clonal dissemination of invasive and colonizing clonal complex 1 of serotype VI group B Streptococcus in central Taiwan

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 902-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Chuan Lin ◽  
Chao-Jung Chen ◽  
Kai-Hung Chiang ◽  
Ting-Yu Yen ◽  
Cheng-Mao Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Group B ◽  
Central Taiwan

Associations between capsular serotype, multilocus sequence type, and macrolide resistance inStreptococcus agalactiaeisolates from Japanese infants with invasive infections

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 812-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. MOROZUMI ◽  
T. WAJIMA ◽  
Y. KUWATA ◽  
N. CHIBA ◽  
K. SUNAOSHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Group B ◽  
Sequence Types

SUMMARYStreptococcus agalactiae(group B streptococcus; GBS) isolates (n = 150) from infants with invasive infections between 2006 and 2011 were analysed for capsular serotype, multilocus sequence type, and antibiotic susceptibility. In cases with late-onset disease (n = 115), primary meningitis was predominant (62·6%), but represented only 39·1% in cases with early-onset disease (n = 23). The most common serotype was III (58·7%), followed by Ia (21·3%) and Ib (12·7%). Sequence types (STs) of serotype III strains included ST17 (50·0%), ST19 (26·1%), ST335 (18·2%), ST27 (4·5%), and ST1 (1·1%). Predominant STs of serotypes Ia and Ib were ST23 (81·3%) and ST10 (84·2%), respectively. No penicillin-resistant strains were detected, but 22·0% of strains hadmef(A/E),erm(A), orerm(B) genes, which mediate macrolide resistance. A new ST335, possessing anmef(A/E) gene belonging to clonal complex 19 gradually increased in frequency. Improved prevention of invasive GBS infections in infants requires timely identification, and ultimately vaccine development.

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