scholarly journals Energy Balance in Wastewater Systems with Energy Recovery: A Portuguese Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Catarina Jorge ◽  
Maria do Céu Almeida ◽  
Dídia Covas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Total Input ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Regional Reference

This paper presents and discusses the application of a novel energy balance scheme for assessing energy efficiency in wastewater systems. The energy balance is demonstrated with a Portuguese real-life case study, using mathematical modelling to estimate the different energy components and to compute two energy efficiency indices. The total inflow intrinsic energy can represent a significant amount (>95%) of the total energy used in systems mainly composed of gravity sewers. The total input energy is significantly (four-times) higher in the wet season than in the dry season, mostly due to undue inflows (e.g., direct rainfall and infiltration). The potential for energy recovery strongly depends on the available head and flow rate at the delivery point, being 0.01 kWh/m3 in the current case, with a project payback period of 4 years. The energy balance components and the respective energy efficiency indices strongly depend on the considered reference elevation. Thus, a unique regional reference elevation is recommended in the calculations.

scholarly journals Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality after a Partially Energy-efficient Renovation of a Prefabricated Concrete Kindergarten Constructed in 1980’s in Slovenia

Prostor ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2 (60)) ◽  
pp. 346-359
Author(s):  
Vesna Lovec ◽  
Miroslav Premrov ◽  
Vesna Žegarac Leskovar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Technical Issue ◽  
Current Case

The majority of kindergartens situated in the territory of former Yugoslavia need renovation. Apart from their enhanced energy efficiency, renovated buildings will presumably offer better indoor environmental quality. According to the current case study, children using a classroom with new windows installed are exposed to substantially poorer indoor air quality due to airtightness and improper ventilation, which calls attention to a vital technical issue of the current renovation process.

Impacto de afluências indevidas no consumo energético em instalações elevatórias em sistemas de drenagem urbana

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Catarina Jorge ◽  
◽  
Maria do Céu Almeida ◽  
Dídia Covas
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Separate System ◽  
The Impact

As afluências indevidas são identificadas como um dos principais problemas dos sistemas de águas residuais e pluviais, levando a diversos problemas de desempenho dos mesmos, como sejam a ocorrência de inundações, a diminuição da eficiência hidráulica e energética, entre outros. A atuação no controlo de afluências indevidas perspetiva oportunidades de melhoria do desempenho em várias dimensões incluindo a componente de eficiência energética. Neste artigo desenvolve-se esta temática numa perspetiva de avaliação do desempenho de instalações elevatórias (IE) embora considerando o sistema como um todo. A metodologia adotada consiste em efetuar a análise de sensibilidade de um sistema separativo de águas residuais para cenários de ocorrência de afluências indevidas à rede, de modo a avaliar o impacto no consumo de energia e noutras variáveis relevantes do sistema. O caso de estudo utilizado consiste numa adaptação do caso de estudo real correspondente ao sistema de drenagem de águas residuais da Bacia da Venteira, Amadora. A finalidade é aferir uma abordagem para tratar esta temática de modo mais geral com base no caso de estudo referido, de forma a contribuir para a sensibilização para a adoção de metodologias operacionais e de monitorização que permitam ter dados para fazer uma gestão mais racional da energia nestes sistemas. As conclusões são genericamente aplicáveis a qualquer sistema separativo de águas residuais. Undue inflows are identified as one of the main problems in wastewater and stormwater systems, leading to several performance issues, such as flooding, decreased efficiency in water and energy use, among others. Acting in the control of undue inflows leads to performance enhancements in several dimensions including the energy efficiency component. This paper presents developments regarding performance evaluation of pumping stations, although considering the system as a whole. The proposed methodology consists of adopting a sensitivity analysis for a separate wastewater system, considering scenarios of undue inflows occurrences in the network, in order to evaluate the impact on energy consumption and other relevant variables of the system. The case study presented herein is adapted from a real life case study corresponding to the Venteira's domestic separate system (located at Amadora, Portugal). The main purpose is to assess an approach to address this issue, in order to contribute to increase awareness for the adoption of operational and monitoring methodologies to contribute for a more rational energy management in these systems. The conclusions are generally applicable to separate wastewater systems.

scholarly journals No-regret selection of effective control handles for integrated urban wastewater systems management under parameter and input uncertainty

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 1749-1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Ledergerber ◽  
T. Maruéjouls ◽  
P. A. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Global Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Input Uncertainty ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Regulatory water quality limits are extended from the wastewater resource recovery facility (WRRF) to the sewer system. It is thus necessary to properly integrate those systems for the evaluation of the overall emissions to the receiving water. The integration of the sewer system and the WRRF, however, leaves us with multiple potential options to reduce these emissions. The proposed approach builds on previous research using global sensitivity analysis (GSA) as a screening method for available control handles. It considers parameter and input uncertainty to select control handles that generate large benefits even if the model differs from reality. Results from a real-life case study indicate that the three top-rated handles are comparably effective for all considered uncertainty and variability scenarios. But the results also showed that this does not apply to lower-rated handles.

scholarly journals An Integrated Simulation Optimisation Decision Support Tool for Multi-Product Production Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Alvandi ◽  
Wen Li ◽  
Sami Kara
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
Simulation Optimisation ◽  
Np Hard Problem

Over the past decades, the rising energy prices and imposing environmental regulations have motivated manufacturers to improve the energy efficiency of their manufacturing processes. Manufacturers need to also consider energy efficiency in addition to classical performance measures. The additional performance dimension (energy-related indicators) significantly increases the complexity of classical production planning problems (e.g. scheduling), already known as NP-hard problem).To overcome the inherited complexity, an integrated simulation-optimization framework is proposed. The proposed approach tackles scheduling problem in a multi-product/multi-machine manufacturing environment and optimizes several production objectives simultaneously. A case study is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach in a real-life industrial facility.

scholarly journals Combining Sufficiency, Efficiency and Flexibility to Achieve Positive Energy Districts Targets

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Erba ◽  
Lorenzo Pagliano
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Positive Energy Balance ◽  
Urban Level

Energy efficiency, generation from renewable sources and more recently energy flexibility are key elements of present sustainability policies. However, we are beginning to see a recognition of the need to couple technological solutions with lifestyle and behavioral changes, sometimes labeled under the term “sufficiency”. Appropriate policies and design principles are necessary to enable sufficiency options, which in turn reveal that there is a bidirectional influence between the building and the district/city level. In this context, the authors discuss how city and building re-design should be implemented combining energy efficiency, flexibility, production from renewables and sufficiency options for achieving a positive energy balance at the district level even within the constraints of dense cities. Based on a review of recent advances, the paper provides a matrix of interactions between building and district design for use by building designers and city planners. It also compares possible scenarios implementing different strategies at the building and urban level in a case study, in order to evaluate the effect of the proposed integrated approach on the energy balance at yearly and seasonal time scales and on land take.

Contamination Lab of Turin (CLabTo)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora FIORE ◽  
Giuliano SANSONE ◽  
Chiara Lorenza REMONDINO ◽  
Paolo Marco TAMBORRINI
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Entrepreneurial Skills ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Positive Effect

Interest in offering Entrepreneurship Education (EE) to all kinds of university students is increasing. Therefore, universities are increasing the number of entrepreneurship courses intended for students from different fields of study and with different education levels. Through a single case study of the Contamination Lab of Turin (CLabTo), we suggest how EE may be taught to all kinds of university students. We have combined design methods with EE to create a practical-oriented entrepreneurship course which allows students to work in transdisciplinary teams through a learning-by-doing approach on real-life projects. Professors from different departments have been included to create a multidisciplinary environment. We have drawn on programme assessment data, including pre- and post-surveys. Overall, we have found a positive effect of the programme on the students’ entrepreneurial skills. However, when the data was broken down according to the students’ fields of study and education levels, mixed results emerged.

Participation and spatial transformation in large housing estates in Poland. Case study of Ursynów Północny

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Krystyna Ilmurzyńska
Keyword(s):  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Large Housing Estates ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
Housing Estates

Abstract This article investigates the suitability of traditional and participatory planning approaches in managing the process of spatial development of existing housing estates, based on the case study of Warsaw’s Ursynów Północny district. The basic assumption of the article is that due to lack of government schemes targeted at the restructuring of large housing estates, it is the business environment that drives spatial transformations and through that shapes the development of participation. Consequently the article focuses on the reciprocal relationships between spatial transformations and participatory practices. Analysis of Ursynów Północny against the background of other estates indicates that it presents more endangered qualities than issues to be tackled. Therefore the article focuses on the potential of the housing estate and good practices which can be tracked throughout its lifetime. The paper focuses furthermore on real-life processes, addressing the issue of privatisation, development pressure, formal planning procedures and participatory budgeting. In the conclusion it attempts to interpret the existing spatial structure of the estate as a potential framework for a participatory approach.

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