scholarly journals Renoprotection of Selected Antioxidant-Rich Foods (Water Spinach and Red Grape) and Probiotics in Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Rats

Life ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Sneha Sarwar ◽  
Md. Jamal Hossain ◽  
Nafis Md. Irfan ◽  
Tamima Ahsan ◽  
Md. Saidul Arefin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Uremic Toxin ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Oxidative And Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Red Grape ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Objectives: The current study investigated the curative effects of two selected antioxidant-rich foods (water spinach and red grape) and probiotics on the kidney exposed to nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin. Methods: A total of 30 Wistar Albino female rats equally divided into six groups were studied for seven days. Except for the normal control (NC) group, all groups received 80 mg/kg/day gentamicin (GEN) injection intra-peritoneally for seven days. NC and GEN groups received only regular diet. In the water spinach group (GEN + WS) and red grape (GEN + RG) groups, rats were provided with 20 g/rat/day of boiled water spinach and 5 mL/rat/day of red grape juice, respectively. The probiotic (GEN + P4) and (GEN + P8) groups received 4 × 109 and 8 × 109 viable bacteria, respectively. On the 8th day, all the rats were sacrificed to collect blood and kidney. Serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed. In addition, kidney histopathology was taken for final observation. Results: Both antioxidant-rich foods and probiotic (P4) significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated the GEN-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress and improved kidney function by lowering uremic toxin (serum creatinine, and uric acid) levels. Histopathological findings of kidney tissues of all groups were consistent with the biochemical findings. Conclusion: The current preclinical study suggests that the consumption of antioxidant-rich foods might be a promising fighting option against gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress. However, extensive studies and clinical monitoring are immediately required to determine the appropriate probiotic doses and mechanism of action for such effects.

scholarly journals The role of oxidative and nitrosative stress in the pathology of osteoarthritis: Novel candidate biomarkers for quantification of degenerative changes in the knee joint

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Franz ◽  
Laura Joseph ◽  
Constantin Mayer ◽  
Jan-Frieder Harmsen ◽  
Holger Schrumpf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Synovial Membrane ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Oxidative And Nitrosative Stress ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequently diagnosed joint disorder worldwide with increasing prevalence and crucial impact on the quality of life of affected patients through chronic pain, decreasing mobility and invalidity. Although some risk factors, such as age, obesity and previous joint injury are well established, the exact pathogenesis of OA on a cellular and molecular level remains less understood. Today, the role of nitrosative and oxidative stress has not been investigated conclusively in the pathogenesis of OA yet. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify biological substances for oxidative and nitrosative stress, which mirror the degenerative processes in an osteoarthritic joint. 69 patients suffering from a diagnosed knee pain participated in this study. Based on the orthopedic diagnosis, patients were classified into an osteoarthritis group (OAG, n=24) or in one of two control groups (meniscopathy, CG1, n=11; anterior cruciate ligament rupture, CG2, n=34). Independently from the study protocol, all patients underwent an invasive surgical intervention which was used to collect samples from the synovial membrane, synovial fluid and human serum. Synovial biopsies were analyzed histopathologically for synovitis (Krenn-Score) and immunohistochemically for detection of end products of oxidative (8-isoprostane F2α) and nitrosative (3-nitrotyrosine) stress. Additionally, the fluid samples were analyzed for 8-isoprostane F2α and 3-nitrotyrosine by competitive ELISA method. The analyzation of inflammation in synovial biopsies revealed a slight synovitis in all three investigated groups. Detectable concentrations of 3-nitrotyrosine were reported in all three investigated groups without showing any significant differences between the synovial biopsies, fluid or human serum. In contrast, significant increased concentrations of 8-isoprostane F2α were detected in OAG compared to both control groups. Furthermore, our data showed a significant correlation between the histopathological synovitis and oxidative stress in OAG (r=0.728, P<0.01). There were no significant differences between the concentrations of 8-isoprostane F2α in synovial fluid and human serum. The findings of the current study support the hypothesis that oxidative and nitrosative stress are components of the multi-factory pathophysiological formation of OA. It seems reasonable that an inflammatory process in the synovial membrane triggers the generation of oxidative and nitrosative acting substances which can lead to a further degradation of the articular cartilage. Based on correlations between the observed degree of inflammation and investigated biomarkers, especially 8-isoprostane F2α seems to be a novel candidate biomarker for OA. However, due to the finding that also both control groups showed increased concentrations of selected biomarkers, future studies have to validate the diagnostic potential of these biomarkers in OA and in related conditions of the knee joint.

Micro Composite Palmitoylethanolamide/Rutin Reduces Vascular Injury through Modulation of the Nrf2/HO−1 and NF-kB Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Fusco ◽  
Rosalba Siracusa ◽  
Enrico Gugliandolo ◽  
Alessio Filippo Peritore ◽  
Ramona D’Amico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Vascular Injury ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Neointimal Hyperplasia ◽  
Vascular Damage ◽  
Oxidative And Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Vessel Morphology ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Vascular remodeling processes induced by acute and chronic injuries are characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress. In arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis and restenosis, the progression of neointimal hyperplasia is a key event of vascular damage. Objective: Our study was aimed to investigate the inflammation and oxidative stress development during vascular impairment and the potential efficacy of treatment of new micro composite N-palmitoylethanolamine /Rutin at a ratio of 1:1 (PEA/RUT). The anti-inflammatory effects of Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) are well known. Rutin has important pharmacological actions, including antioxidant and vasoprotective. Methods: As model of vascular injury we used the complete ligature of the left carotid artery for fourteen days and administered PEA/RUT at the dose of 10 mg/Kg. Results: This study demonstrated that after fourteen days carotid ligation there is a substantial structural change in the vessel morphology, with inflammatory cells infiltration and reactive oxygen species production. PEA/RUT administration reduced change in vascular morphology, cytokines like monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and adhesion molecules expression like intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1), proinflammatory cytokines production (IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-), oxidative and nitrosative stress (nitrotyrosine and PARP expression and NRF2 pathway). Conclusions: Our data clearly demonstrate the beneficial effect of PEA/RUT administration in reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and vascular damage.

ROLE OF PREGNAN-X-RECEPTOR IN CELL RESISTANCE TO NITROSATIVE AND OXIDATIVE STRESS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Abalenikhina ◽  
◽  
Elena A. Sudakova ◽  
Pelageya Erokhina ◽  
Aleksey Shchulkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Pregnane X Receptor ◽  
Cell Resistance ◽  
Oxidative And Nitrosative Stress ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The article discusses the new role of pregnane X receptor (PXR) under conditions of oxidative and nitrosative stress. The results showed that the effect of hydrogen peroxide and S-nitrosoglu-tathione in high concentrations on Caco-2 cells leads to a decrease in cell viability, which is accompanied by an increase in the amount of PXR. These changes are offset by the addition of ketoconazole (inhibitor of PXR) to the medium.

Adverse effects of the classic antioxidant uric acid in adipocytes: NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative/nitrosative stress

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (2) ◽  
pp. C584-C596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Y. Sautin ◽  
Takahiko Nakagawa ◽  
Sergey Zharikov ◽  
Richard J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Map Kinases ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Uric acid is considered a major antioxidant in human blood that may protect against aging and oxidative stress. Despite its proposed protective properties, elevated levels of uric acid are commonly associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Furthermore, recent experimental studies suggest that uric acid may have a causal role in hypertension and metabolic syndrome. All these conditions are thought to be mediated by oxidative stress. In this study we demonstrate that differentiation of cultured mouse adipocytes is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and uptake of uric acid. Soluble uric acid stimulated an increase in NADPH oxidase activity and ROS production in mature adipocytes but not in preadipocytes. The stimulation of NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS by uric acid resulted in activation of MAP kinases p38 and ERK1/2, a decrease in nitric oxide bioavailability, and an increase in protein nitrosylation and lipid oxidation. Collectively, our results suggest that hyperuricemia induces redox-dependent signaling and oxidative stress in adipocytes. Since oxidative stress in the adipose tissue has recently been recognized as a major cause of insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease, hyperuricemia-induced alterations in oxidative homeostasis in the adipose tissue might play an important role in these derangements.

Evaluation of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Markers in Male Smokers

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 496-501
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel ◽  
Parisa Falsafi ◽  
Hamidreza Abolsamadi ◽  
Mohammad T. Goodarzi ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Cigarette smoke free radicals can cause cellular damage and different diseases. All the body fluids have antioxidants which protect against free radicals. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary total antioxidant capacity and peroxidase, uric acid and malondialdehyde levels in smokers and a nonsmoking control group. Methods: Unstimulated saliva was collected from 510 males. A total of 259 subjects were current smokers and 251 were non-smokers. The levels of salivary total antioxidant capacity, uric acid, peroxidase and malondialdehyde were measured using standard procedures. Data were analyzed with t test and ANOVA. Results: The smokers were younger and dental hygiene index was higher than healthy nonsmoking controls. The mean total antioxidant capacity in smokers and nonsmokers was 0.13±0.07 and 0.21±011, respectively (P=0.001). Smokers had significantly lower peroxidase and uric acid levels than healthy controls. In addition, the mean malondialdehyde levels in the smokers and nonsmokers were 4.55 ±2.61 and 2.79 ±2.21, respectively (P=0.001). Conclusion: Cigarette smoke produces free radical and oxidative stress, causing many side effects. Salivary antioxidant levels decreased and malondialdehyde levels increased in smokers, indicating the high oxidative stress among smokers compared to nonsmokers. Cigarette smoke had deleterious effects on main salivary antioxidants levels.

Eugenol improves tissue damage and oxidative stress in adult female rats after ovarian torsion/detorsion

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bita Barghi ◽  
Majid Shokoohi ◽  
Amir Afshin Khaki ◽  
Arash Khaki ◽  
Maryam Moghimian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Ovarian Torsion ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

CTRP3 protects against uric acid-induced endothelial injury by inhibiting inflammation and oxidase stress in rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022110471
Author(s):  
Junxia Zhang ◽  
Xue Lin ◽  
Jinxiu Xu ◽  
Feng Tang ◽  
Lupin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Endothelial Injury ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Hyperuricemia, which contributes to vascular endothelial damage, plays a key role in multiple cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to investigate whether C1q/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related protein 3 (CTRP3) has a protective effect on endothelial damage induced by uric acid and its underlying mechanisms. Animal models of hyperuricemia were established in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats through the consumption of 10% fructose water for 12 weeks. Then, the rats were given a single injection of Ad-CTRP3 or Ad-GFP. The animal experiments were ended two weeks later. In vitro, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were first infected with Ad-CTRP3 or Ad-GFP. Then, the cells were stimulated with 10 mg/dL uric acid for 48 h after pretreatment with or without a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-specific inhibitor. Hyperuricemic rats showed disorganized intimal structures, increased endothelial apoptosis rates, increased inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, which were accompanied by reduced CTRP3 and elevated TLR4 protein levels in the thoracic aorta. In contrast, CTRP3 overexpression decreased TLR4 protein levels and ameliorated inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, thereby improving the morphology and apoptosis of the aortic endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia. Similarly, CTRP3 overexpression decreased TLR4-mediated inflammation, reduced oxidative stress, and rescued endothelial damage induced by uric acid in HUVECs. In conclusion, CTRP3 ameliorates uric acid-induced inflammation and oxidative stress, which in turn protects against endothelial injury, possibly by inhibiting TLR4-mediated inflammation and downregulating oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Association between Serum Uric Acid and Oxidative Stress in Korean Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Jeong Ok ◽  
Kiyoung Kim ◽  
Sat Byul Park
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
And Oxidative Stress
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