scholarly journals Structural and Mechanical Properties of a-BCN Films Prepared by an Arc-Sputtering Hybrid Process

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Yuki Hirata ◽  
Ryotaro Takeuchi ◽  
Hiroyuki Taniguchi ◽  
Masao Kawagoe ◽  
Yoshinao Iwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Film Structure ◽  
Hybrid Process ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Volume

Amorphous boron carbon nitride (a-BCN) films exhibit excellent properties such as high hardness and high wear resistance. However, the correlation between the film structure and its mechanical properties is not fully understood. In this study, a-BCN films were prepared by an arc-sputtering hybrid process under various coating conditions, and the correlations between the film’s structure and mechanical properties were clarified. Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze the structural properties and chemical composition. Nanoindentation and ball-on-disc tests were performed to evaluate the hardness and to estimate the friction coefficient and wear volume, respectively. The results indicated that the mechanical properties strongly depend on the carbon content in the film; it decreases significantly when the carbon content is <90%. On the other hand, by controlling the contents of boron and nitrogen to a very small amount (up to 2.5 at.%), it is possible to synthesize a film that has nearly the same hardness and friction coefficient as those of an amorphous carbon (a-C) film and better wear resistance than the a-C film.

Tribological behavior of CrN coating on aluminum alloys deposited by arc ion plating

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 3133-3138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Zhou ◽  
Chang-Min Suh ◽  
Seock-Sam Kim ◽  
Ri-Ichi Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Arc Ion Plating ◽  
Crn Coating ◽  
Ion Plating ◽  
Wear And Friction

Dry sliding wear and friction tests of CrN coating on two types of aluminum alloy substrates, 6061 Al and 7075 Al, deposited by arc ion plating were performed with a ball-on-disk tribometer. The effects of normal load and the mechanical properties of the substrate on the friction coefficient and wear resistance of CrN coating were investigated. The worn surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that surface microhardness of CrN-coated 7075 Al is higher than that of CrN-coated 6061 Al. With an increase in normal load, wear volume increases, while the friction coefficient decreases. The friction coefficient of CrN-coated 6061 Al is higher than that of CrN-coated 7075 Al, while the wear resistance of CrN-coated 6061 Al is lower than that of the CrN-coated 7075 Al. This indicates that the substrate mechanical properties have strong influence on the friction coefficient and wear of CrN coating. The main wear mechanism was fragments of CrN coating, caused by apparent plastic deformation of substrate during wear tests.

Tribological Behavior of Phosphor Bronze against SAE52100 Steel under Different Lubricants

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 852-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Qiu Xia ◽  
Shinya Sasaki ◽  
Takashi Murakami ◽  
Miki Nakano
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Alpha Olefin ◽  
Steel Balls ◽  
Worn Surfaces

The friction and wear properties of phosphor bronze discs sliding against SAE52100 steel balls were evaluated using an Optimol SRV reciprocating friction and wear tester under the lubrication of pure poly-alpha-olefin (PAO) and PAO containing commercial phosphite ester, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDTP) and oleic acid additives. The morphologies of the worn surfaces of the phosphor bronze discs were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, the elemental compositions and chemical states of several typical elements on the worn surfaces of the phosphor bronze discs were examined by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The findings indicated that the phosphor bronze discs exhibited higher wear resistance under the lubrication of PAO containing phosphite ester than pure PAO, PAO containing ZDTP, and PAO containing oleic acid. Also, the phosphor bronze discs exhibited stable friction coefficients as low as 0.09-0.11 when lubricated with PAO containing phosphite ester. According to the XPS analyses, it was considered that the formation of CuO and phosphate led to lower friction coefficient and high wear resistance of phosphor bronze specimens lubricated with PAO containing phosphite ester. In the case of the phosphor bronze specimens lubricated with PAO containing ZDTP and oleic acid, the formation of organic compounds seemed to lead to lower friction coefficient, but did not seem to affect the wear resistance.

scholarly journals Influence of nitrogen on the tribological properties of a-C:H layers on the polycarbonate substrates

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafal Nowak ◽  
Stanislawa Jonas
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Chemical Inertness ◽  
Method Effects ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Disc Configuration ◽  
Improve Wear Resistance

Polycarbonate (PC) possesses many commercial applications. However, PC is still limited to non-abrasive and chemical-free environments due to its low hardness, low scratching resistance and high susceptibility to chemical attacks. To overcome this limitation, PC can be coated by hydrogenated amorphous carbon layers. The a-C:H layers have very attractive properties such as high hardness, infrared transparency, chemical inertness, low friction coefficients, and biocompatibility. Addition of nitrogen in the structure allows lowering internal stress and improve tribological properties of a-C:H layers. In this work, a-C:N:H layers were deposited from mixture CH4/N2 gases by RF PECVD method. Effects of the nitrogen incorporation on structure and tribological properties of deposited layers were investigated. The structure of layers were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The friction coefficient, wear resistance of a-C:H:N layers were estimated by tribometer in ball-on-disc configuration. The IR spectra of the obtained layers have demonstrated a presence of nitrogen bonded both to carbon and to hydrogen. A formation of the following bonds has been confirmed: -C?N, -NH2, -C?NH2, >C=NH. They are all typical for a-C:N:H layers. The tribological tests have shown that the layers reduce the friction coefficient of the polycarbonate (up to 50 %) and considerably improve wear resistance.

REYNOLDS 390 and A390

Alloy Digest ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Silicon Alloys ◽  
Aluminum Silicon Alloys ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract REYNOLDS 390 and A390 are hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys having excellent wear resistance coupled with good mechanical properties, high hardness, and low coefficients of expansion. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as casting, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: Al-203. Producer or source: Reynolds Metals Company.

scholarly journals Machinability and related properties of austempered ductile iron: A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4180-4190
Author(s):  
Ananda Hegde ◽  
Sathyashankara Sharma ◽  
Gowri Shankar M. C
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Austempered Ductile Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Sg Iron

When the ductile iron which is also known as Spheroidal Graphite (SG) iron, is subjected to austempering heat treatment, the material is known as austempered ductile iron (ADI). This material has good mechanical properties and has various applications in different fields. This revolutionary material with its excellent combination of strength, ductility, toughness and wear resistance has the potential to replace some of the commonly used conventional materials such as steel, aluminium and other light weight alloys as it offers production advantage as well. One of the problems encountered during manufacturing is machining of ADI parts owing to its high hardness and wear resistance. Many researchers over a period of time have reported the machinability aspects of the ADI. This paper presents a review on the developments made on the machinability aspects of ADI along with other mechanical properties.

Phase, microstructure, and wear behavior of Al2O3-reinforced Fe–Si alloy-based metal matrix nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-480
Author(s):  
Akash Saxena ◽  
Neera Singh ◽  
Bhupendra Singh ◽  
Devendra Kumar ◽  
Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Metal Matrix Nanocomposites ◽  
Matrix Nanocomposites

In the present work, phase, microstructure, and wear properties of Al2O3-reinforced Fe–Si alloy-based metal matrix nanocomposites have been studied. Composites using 2 wt.% and 5 wt.% of Si and rest Fe powder mix were synthesized via powder metallurgy and sintered at different temperature schedules. Iron–silicon alloy specimens were found to have high hardness and high wear resistance in comparison to pure iron specimens. Addition of 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% alumina reinforcement in Fe–Si alloy composition helped in developing iron aluminate (FeAl2O4) phase in composites which further improved the mechanical properties i.e. high hardness and wear resistance. Formation of iron aluminate phase occurs due to reactive sintering between Fe and Al2O3 particles. It is expected that the improved behavior of prepared nanocomposites as compared to conventional metals will be helpful in finding their use for wide industrial applications.

ELID Grinding Technology of Nano-Ceramic Scalpel

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 1560-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Cai Kuai ◽  
Fei Hu Zhang ◽  
Ya Zhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Preparation Technology ◽  
Elid Grinding ◽  
High Toughness ◽  
Edge Sharpness ◽  
Cutting Experiment ◽  
Promising Application

As the grain size of nano ceramic has reached nanometer grade, it possesses high hardness, high wear resistance and high toughness. Therefore, the scalpel made by nano ceramic has the virtue of high wear resistance, good corrosion resistance, long service life, non-toxic, non-static, sharp edge and so on, but the processing of this kind of scalpel is extremely difficult. This paper prepares the nano-ceramic scalpel by using ELID grinding technology, and also studies the thickness, surface roughness, edge sharpness of scalpel. The research results show that the thickness of prepared scalpel is 0.3 mm, the surface roughness is 6-60 nm and the edge radius is 200 nm, the cutting experiment on suture shows that this scalpel can meet the requirements of international standard for medical scalpel when the cutting force is less than 0.8 N. This further proves that the ELID grinding technology is suitable for the preparation of nano-ceramic scalpel. The preparation technology and technological equipment of nano-ceramic scalpel are proposed on the basis of above achievements, and this technology possesses promising application prospect.

scholarly journals Laser alloying of bearing steel with boron and self-lubricating addition

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Kotkowiak ◽  
Adam Piasecki ◽  
Michał Kulka
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Calcium Fluoride ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Laser Alloying ◽  
Amorphous Boron ◽  
Rolling Bearings ◽  
Borided Layer

Abstract 100CrMnSi6-4 bearing steel has been widely used for many applications, e.g. rolling bearings which work in difficult operating conditions. Therefore, this steel has to be characterized by special properties such as high wear resistance and high hardness. In this study laser-boriding was applied to improve these properties. Laser alloying was conducted as the two step process with two different types of alloying material: amorphous boron only and amorphous boron with addition of calcium fluoride CaF2. At first, the surface was coated with paste including alloying material. Second step of the process consisted in laser re-melting. The surface of sample, coated with the paste, was irradiated by the laser beam. In this study, TRUMPF TLF 2600 Turbo CO2 laser was used. The microstructure, microhardness and wear resistance of both laser-borided layer and laser-borided layer with the addition of calcium fluoride were investigated. The layer, alloyed with boron and CaF2, was characterized by higher wear resistance than the layer after laser boriding only.

scholarly journals Superior Mechanical Behavior and Fretting Wear Resistance of 3D-Printed Inconel 625 Superalloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Gao ◽  
Mingzhuo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Inconel 625 ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Inconel 625 Superalloy ◽  
Electron Beam Selective Melting

Additive manufacturing (AM) nickel-based superalloys have been demonstrated to equate or exceed mechanical properties of cast and wrought counterparts but their tribological potentials have not been fully realized. This study investigates fretting wear behaviors of Inconel 625 against the 42 CrMo4 stainless steel under flat-on-flat contacts. Inconel 625 is prepared by additive manufacturing (AM) using the electron beam selective melting. Results show that it has a high hardness (335 HV), superior tensile strength (952 MPa) and yield strength (793 MPa). Tribological tests indicate that the AM-Inconel 625 can suppress wear of the surface within a depth of only ~2.4 μm at a contact load of 106 N after 2 × 104 cycles. The excellent wear resistance is attributed to the improved strength and the formation of continuous tribo-layers containing a mixture of Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Cr2O3 and Mn2O3.

scholarly journals Effect of Nickel–Phosphorus and Nickel–Molybdenum Coatings on Electrical Ablation of Small Electromagnetic Rails

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1082
Author(s):  
Li-Shan Hsu ◽  
Pao-Chang Huang ◽  
Chih-Cheng Chou ◽  
Kung-Hsu Hou ◽  
Ming-Der Ger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Molybdenum Coating ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Electrochemically Deposited ◽  
Iron Material

The electromagnetic rail catapult is a device that converts electrical energy into kinetic energy, which means that the strength of electrical energy directly affects the muzzle speed of armature. In addition, the electrical conductivity, electromagnetic rails and armature surface roughness, and the holding force of the rail are influencing factors that cannot be ignored. However, the electric ablation on the surface of the electromagnetic rails caused by high temperatures seriously affects the service life performance of the electromagnetic catapult system. In this study, electrochemically deposited nickel-phosphorus and nickel-molybdenum alloy coatings are plated on the surface of electromagnetic iron rails and their effects on the reduction of ablation are investigated. SEM (scanning electron microscopy) with EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy) detector, XRD (X-ray diffraction), 3D optical profiler, and Vickers microhardness tester are used. Our results show that the sliding velocity of the armature decreases slightly with the increased roughness of the rail coating surface. On the other hand, the area of electric ablation on the rail surface is inversely related to the hardness of the rail material. The electrically ablated surface areas of the rails are in: annealed nickel–molybdenum < nickel–molybdenum < annealed nickel–phosphorus < nickel–phosphorus < iron material. Heat treatment at 400 and 500 °C, respectively for Ni–P and Ni–Mo alloys, significantly increases hardness due to the precipitation of intermetallic compounds such as Ni3P and Ni4Mo phases. Comprehensive data analysis shows that the annealed nickel–molybdenum coating has the best electrical ablation wear resistance. The possible reason for that might be attributed to the high hardness of the heat-treated nickel–molybdenum coating. In addition, the thermal resistance capability of molybdenum is better than that of phosphorus, which might also contribute to the high wear resistance to electric ablation.

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