scholarly journals Metabolomic Signatures for the Effects of Weight Loss Interventions on Severe Obesity in Children and Adolescents

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Min-Ji Sohn ◽  
Woori Chae ◽  
Jae-Sung Ko ◽  
Joo-Youn Cho ◽  
Ji-Eun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Glutamate Metabolism ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

Childhood obesity has increased worldwide, and many clinical and public interventions have attempted to reduce morbidity. We aimed to determine the metabolomic signatures associated with weight control interventions in children with obesity. Forty children from the “Intervention for Children and Adolescent Obesity via Activity and Nutrition (ICAAN)” cohort were selected according to intervention responses. Based on changes in body mass index z-scores, 20 were responders and the remaining non-responders. Their serum metabolites were quantitatively analyzed using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry at baseline and after 6 and 18 months of intervention. After 18 months of intervention, the metabolite cluster changes in the responders and non-responders showed a difference on the heatmap, but significant metabolites were not clear. However, regardless of the responses, 13 and 49 metabolites were significant in the group of children with obesity intervention at 6 months and 18 months post-intervention compared to baseline. In addition, the top five metabolic pathways (D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism; arginine biosynthesis; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; TCA cycle; valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis) including several amino acids in the metabolites of obese children after 18 months were significantly changed. Our study showed significantly different metabolomic profiles based on time post obesity-related intervention. Through this study, we can better understand and predict childhood obesity through metabolite analysis and monitoring.

scholarly journals The importance of holistic intervention in children and adolescent obesity

2020 ◽  
pp. 179-188
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Children And Adolescent

Adolescence is a special stage in the development of obesity and implicitly for interventions to control it. From a nutritional point of view, the adolescent with weight problems is going through an extremely vulnerable period, the increased need of nutrients necessary for the correct physical and mental development being often unsatisfied due to poor eating habits. This article refers to the importance of sport and physical activity of any kind as an adjuvant treatment of childhood obesity and was conceived as a plea for the holistic approach to infantile obesity. The study briefly presents the pathological substrate of childhood obesity (statistics, causes, consequences, methods of diagnosis and treatment) and the solutions considered most effective in ameliorating and curing this problem. It highlights the role of movement in implementing specific treatments for childhood obesity, along with the modern approach to nutrition in contrast to lifestyle, and also the influence of family patterns on the manifestation of exercise and eating habits and their transmission from one generation to another. Evidence based on empirical research in the literature regarding intervention programmes in the treatment of childhood obesity is also presented. Healthy lifestyle modification programmes for weight control in children should be directed by health professionals (primary health care professionals, nutrition/diet professionals, teachers, physical activity professionals), who are specially trained in the field of infantile obesity.

scholarly journals Experiences of the mothers who have tried to intervene with their children’s obesity: A qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meihua Piao ◽  
Jeongeun Kim ◽  
Ahjung Byun ◽  
Woo Joung Joung
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Competitive Environments ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Control Body

Abstract Background: Childhood obesity has become increasingly prevalent not only worldwide but also in South Korea. It is known that the lifestyle habits and parents’ education were found to be effective. The aim of this research is to explore the experiences of obese children and their mothers regarding obesity and identifying barriers and facilitators to optimize their weight control practices.Methods: A qualitative method of focus group interview was used for the data collection. Overweight or obese children aged between 12 and 14 and their mothers participated in the interview.Results: Five pairs of participants (a mother and a child) were interviewed. Mothers tended to be aware of their children’s weight issue and tried to manage it themselves by supporting them more actively. They made considerable efforts to change their children’s lifestyles with regard to diet and exercise. Additionally, children expected to let their mothers guide them in order to control body weight. However, barriers to achieving their desired body weight were associated with their social contexts that prevented them from continuing their healthy lifestyles. Social context was influential for addressing childhood obesity. The busy and competitive environments in which they live forced the children into busy lifestyles that hindered them from performing their healthy habit promptly.Conclusions: The results suggest that interventions should be focused on setting a realistic goal and engaging in simple behaviors that could be performed in daily routine. Moreover, ensuring access to a communication channel with other parents or healthcare providers is important.

Abstract 6262: Obesity in Childhood is Associated With an Impaired Regenerative Capacity of Circulating Progenitor Cells and Vascular Dysfunction

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Erbs ◽  
Robert Höllriegel ◽  
Axel Linke ◽  
Agnieszka Burman ◽  
Daniela Friebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Lean Children

The raising prevalence of obesity in childhood appears to preceed the development of atherosclerosis and the increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. This might be related to the fact that already in children, obesity is associated with classical risk factors for coronary disease, like hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes. Therefore, aim of the present study was to evaluate, whether obese children (compared to lean controls) are characterized by vascular damages and altered regenerative capacity of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CPCs) as an early indicator of developing atherosclerosis. Methods: In 30 obese (11±3 years of age, BMI 28.1±1.3) and 30 lean control children (12±3 years of age, BMI 17.5±0.4) insulin sensitivity was evaluated by oral glucose tolerance testing (OGT). Peripheral flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and intima media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery were assessed as measures of vascular integrity. The number of CD34/KDR+ CPCs was quantified using FACS analysis and the functional capacity of CPCs was determined by migration assay. Results: Obesity in early childhood is associated with peripheral insulin resistance as an early manifestation of diabetes (serum insulin in OGT after 120 min: 543±102 pmol/L in obese vs. 275±39 pmol/L in lean, p<0.05). FMD was significantly impaired in obese compared to lean children (reactive hyperemia index 1.25±0.05 vs. 1.55±0.08, p<0.05). Already in childhood, obesity was accompanied by a gain in IMT (0.40±0.01 mm vs. 0.30±0.01 mm in lean, p<0.05). Obese children had significantly reduced numbers of circulating CPCs compared to lean children (70±7 vs. 119±13 cells/mL blood, p<0.05). There was an inverse correlation between the number of CPCs and the extent of obesity as determined by BMI-SDS (r=−0.27, p<0.05). Additionally, functional capacity of CPCs was significantly reduced in obese children (migration following a SDF-1 gradient: 170±31 CPCs/1000 plated CPCs in obese vs. 258±37 CPCs/1000 plated CPCs in lean, p<0.05). Conclusion: Already in childhood, obesity is associated with an impaired endogenous regenerative capacity, which might result in generalized vascular damage as an early stage of atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Serum Apelin and Obesity-Related Complications in Egyptian Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1354-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maged A. El Wakeel ◽  
Ghada M. El-Kassas ◽  
Alyaa H. Kamhawy ◽  
Essam M. Galal ◽  
Maysa S. Nassar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Egyptian Children

BACKGROUND: The rapidly increasing prevalence of childhood obesity became a major burden on health worldwide, giving an alarm to clinicians and researchers. Adipocytes act as an active endocrine organ by releasing plenty of bioactive mediators (adipokines) that play a major role in regulating metabolic processes. Apelin is a recently identified adipokine that is expressed in adipocytes.AIM: The current work aimed to uncover the relation between serum apelin and childhood obesity and its related complications as hypertension and hyperglycemiaMETHOD: A group of 50 obese and 31 non-obese; sex- and age-matched children were enrolled in our study with a mean age of (9.5 ± 2.1) and (8.7 ± 1.3) respectively. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, were assessed in all studied participants, we also determined the lipid profile, serum insulin, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, HOMA-IR and serum apelin.RESULTS: Obese children had higher levels of HbA1c, FBG, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP Z-score); compared to controls (all P < 0.05). Apelin was significantly higher in obese children versus controls and correlated positively with BMI Z-Score (P = 0.008), DBP Z-Score (P = 0.02), cholesterol, TG (both P = 0.02), serum insulin (P = 0.003), FBG and HOMA-IR (both P = 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that FBG was the most effective factor in predicting the level of serum apelin (P = 0.04).CONCLUSION: This work supports the hypothesis that apelin may have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of health hazards related to obesity in children including insulin resistance, hypertension and a higher risk of occurrence of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Orthopedic Problems in Overweight and Obese Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 05-07
Author(s):  
GL Di Gennaro
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The United States ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Artery Disease

According to the data published by Haslam and James, about 10% of the world populations aged up to 18 areoverweight or obese [1]. In Europe, there are about 20% children with excessive body mass, 5% of whom sufferfrom obesity [2,3]. Childhood obesity is an ongoing epidemic in the United States [4,5]. The most recent data fromthe US indicate that 16.9% of children and adolescents are obese, defined as a body mass index (BMI) for age >95thpercentile [6,7] and there is evidence that the prevalence of obesity among children will reach 30% by 2030 [8].Childhood obesity is a risk factor for greater morbidity later in life, including diabetes, coronary artery disease andincreased mortality [4,5,9,10].

Systemic Perspective on Obesity in Childhood: A Preliminary Study on Power Interactions between Mother and Child

1995 ◽  
Vol 77 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1219-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Valtolina ◽  
Paola Ragazzoni
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Obese Child ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Dominant Position ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Relationship Style ◽  
The Relationship

33 mother-child dyads with an obese child (aged 9 to 12 years) and a similar control group were studied. The power interaction was used as an indicator of the style of the relationship between mother and child. To analyse the interactions the model of Watzlawick, Beavin, and Jackson was used because it considers three different possible situations of complementarity, symmetry, and parallelism. A revised version of the Scoresby Relationship Style Inventory was given. Analysis showed that dyads with obese children differ in some ways from the control dyads. These differences include the mother's dominant position in the relationship and the tendency of the obese child to avoid conflict and symmetry and to adopt a ‘one-down’ complementary position. We conclude it is important to improve the study of childhood obesity from a systemic perspective and to extend this analysis to other aspects of the complex familial picture to prevent overweight or to maintain it within reasonable limits thereby avoiding more serious complications.

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