scholarly journals Screening the Key Region of Sunlight Regulating the Flavonoid Profiles of Young Shoots in Tea Plants (Camellia sinensis L.) Based on a Field Experiment

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7158
Author(s):  
Jing Jin ◽  
Yi-Qing Lv ◽  
Wei-Zhong He ◽  
Da Li ◽  
Ying Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Flavonol Glycosides ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Quercetin Glycosides ◽  
Kaempferol Glycosides ◽  
Tea Plants ◽  
Tea Cultivar ◽  
Practical Field

Both UV and blue light have been reported to regulate the biosynthesis of flavonoids in tea plants; however, the respective contributions of the corresponding regions of sunlight are unclear. Additionally, different tea cultivars may respond differently to altered light conditions. We investigated the responses of different cultivars (‘Longjing 43’, ‘Zhongming 192’, ‘Wanghai 1’, ‘Jingning 1’ and ‘Zhonghuang 2’) to the shade treatments (black and colored nets) regarding the biosynthesis of flavonoids. For all cultivars, flavonol glycosides showed higher sensitivity to light conditions compared with catechins. The levels of total flavonol glycosides in the young shoots of different tea cultivars decreased with the shade percentages of polyethylene nets increasing from 70% to 95%. Myricetin glycosides and quercetin glycosides were more sensitive to light conditions than kaempferol glycosides. The principal component analysis (PCA) result indicated that shade treatment greatly impacted the profiles of flavonoids in different tea samples based on the cultivar characteristics. UV is the crucial region of sunlight enhancing flavonol glycoside biosynthesis in tea shoots, which is also slight impacted by light quality according to the results of the weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). This study clarified the contributions of different wavelength regions of sunlight in a field experiment, providing a potential direction for slightly bitter and astringent tea cultivar breeding and instructive guidance for practical field production of premium teas based on light regimes.

scholarly journals Flavonol Glycosides from the Leaves of Allium Macrostemon

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa Nakane ◽  
Tsukasa Iwashina
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Flavonol Glycosides ◽  
Steroidal Saponins ◽  
Quercetin Glycosides ◽  
Kaempferol Glycosides ◽  
Allium Macrostemon ◽  
First Time

Twelve flavonoids were isolated from Allium macrostemon leaves. Five compounds were identified as kaempferol 3,7-di -O-glucoside (1), kaempferol 3,4′-di- O-glucoside (2), quercetin 3- O-glucoside (3), kaempferol 3- O-glucoside (4) and isorhamnetin 3- O-glucoside (5) by UV spectra, LC-MS, acid hydrolysis and HPLC comparisons with authentic standards. Other flavonoids were characterized as kaempferol glycosides (6–8, 10 and 11) and quercetin glycosides (9 and 12). Other compounds, such as steroidal saponins, have been already found from the bulbs of A. macrostemon. However, flavonoids were reported for the first time from the leaves.

scholarly journals Flavonol Glycosides from Paederia scandens var. mairei

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1081-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nariyuki Ishikura ◽  
Zhi-qing Yang ◽  
Kunijiro Yoshitama ◽  
Kazu Kurosawa
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Flavonol Glycosides ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Quercetin Glycosides ◽  
Kaempferol Glycosides ◽  
Paederia Scandens

Abstract Four kaempferol glycosides and five quercetin glycosides have been isolated from a methanolic extract of Paederia scandens var. mairei leaves and stems, in which in addition four un­known glycosides of kaempferol and quercetin are present in a trace. Nine flavonol glycosides including a new glycoside quercetin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-xylosylglucoside (paederinin) were identified by PC, HPLC, UV spectral and NMR studies.

scholarly journals Flavonoid Glycosides in Brassica Species Respond to UV-B Depending on Exposure Time and Adaptation Time

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 494
Author(s):  
Susanne Neugart ◽  
Christiane Bumke-Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Species ◽  
Flavonoid Glycoside ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Adaptation Time ◽  
Quercetin Glycosides ◽  
Kaempferol Glycosides

Recently, there have been efforts to use ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) as a biotechnological tool in greenhouses. Leafy Brassica species are mainly considered for their ability to synthesize glucosinolates and are valued as baby salads. They also have a remarkable concentration of chemically diverse flavonoid glycosides. In this study, the effect of short-term UV-B radiation at the end of the production cycle was investigated without affecting plant growth. The aim was to verify which exposure and adaptation time was suitable and needs to be further investigated to use UV as a biotechnological tool in greenhouse production of Brassica species. It is possible to modify the flavonoid glycoside profile of leafy Brassica species by increasing compounds that appear to have potentially high antioxidant activity. Exemplarily, the present experiment shows that kaempferol glycosides may be preferred over quercetin glycosides in response to UV-B in Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis, for example, whereas other species appear to prefer quercetin glycosides over kaempferol glycosides, such as Brassica oleracea var. sabellica or Brassica carinata. However, the response to short-term UV-B treatment is species-specific and conclusions on exposure and adaptation time cannot be unified but must be drawn separately for each species.

Flavonoids and UV Photoprotection in Arabidopsis Mutants

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 745-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken G Ryan ◽  
Ewald E Swinny ◽  
Chris Winefield ◽  
Kenneth R Markham
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Quercetin Glycosides ◽  
Kaempferol Glycosides ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Level

AbstractWild-type Arabidopsis L. leaves exposed to low ultraviolet-B (U V B ) conditions contained predominantly kaempferol glycosides, with low levels of quercetin glycosides. The flavonoid level doubled on treatment with UVB and an increase in the ratio of quercetin: kaempferol was observed. These results suggest that flavonols protect Arabidopsis plants from UVB damage, and indicate that the flavonoid 3’-hydroxylase (F3’H) enzyme, which converts dihydrokaempferol to dihydroquercetin, may play a crucial role. The tt7 mutant lacks this gene and, after treatment with sub-ambient UVB, contained kaempferol glycosides exclusively, to a level of total flavonols similar to that in wild-type Arabidopsis. Total flavonols after enhanced UVB treatment were higher in tt7 than in similarly treated wild-type plants, and only kaempferol glycosides were detected. Despite this high level, tt7 plants were less tolerant of UVB radiation than wild-type plants. These observations suggests that kaempferol is a less effective photoprotectant than quercetin. The chalcone isomerase (CHI) mutant (tt5) surprisingly did not accumulate naringenin chalcone, and this suggests that the mutation may not be restricted to the CHI gene alone. The concentration of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives did not change with UVB treatment in most varieties indicating that their role in UV photoprotection may be subordinate to that of the flavonoids.

Evaluation of morphological diversity of field pea [Pisum sativum subsp.arvense (L.)] germplasm under sub-tropical climate of Manipur

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bhuvaneswari ◽  
Susheel Kumar Sharma ◽  
P. Punitha ◽  
K. S. Shashidhar ◽  
K. L. Naveenkumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Diverse Field ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Linkage Method ◽  
Practical Field

An investigation was carried out to evaluate 51 diverse field pea genotypes at Langol Research farm, ICAR, RC, NEH region, Manipur centre for nine yield related quantitative traits and four morphological qualitative traits for practical field pea improvement in Manipur. The combined analysis of variance of genotypes for all the nine traits was found to be significant. The amount of variability in one variable as a linear function of another variable was also measured through phenotypic and genotypic correlation among nine quantitative traits. The pod number per plant, seed number per pod and 100 seed weight showed significant positive correlation with seed yield per plant both at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Multivariate analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that three principal components (PCs) accounted for > 75% of the total variation. The genotypes were grouped into seven clusters using distance based Agglomerative “Average linkage” method. Three genotypes IPF-5-19, EC-8495, HUDP-15 belonging to cluster II and DDR-30, early maturing variety belonging to Cluster VI were found promising in terms of seed yield for the region.

scholarly journals Polyamine Metabolism under Different Light Regimes in Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11717
Author(s):  
Orsolya Kinga Gondor ◽  
Judit Tajti ◽  
Kamirán Áron Hamow ◽  
Imre Majláth ◽  
Gabriella Szalai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Polyamine Metabolism ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Test Light ◽  
Lower Light ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Back Conversion ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Although the relationship between polyamines and photosynthesis has been investigated at several levels, the main aim of this experiment was to test light-intensity-dependent influence of polyamine metabolism with or without exogenous polyamines. First, the effect of the duration of the daily illumination, then the effects of different light intensities (50, 250, and 500 μmol m–2 s–1) on the polyamine metabolism at metabolite and gene expression levels were investigated. In the second experiment, polyamine treatments, namely putrescine, spermidine and spermine, were also applied. The different light quantities induced different changes in the polyamine metabolism. In the leaves, light distinctly induced the putrescine level and reduced the 1,3-diaminopropane content. Leaves and roots responded differently to the polyamine treatments. Polyamines improved photosynthesis under lower light conditions. Exogenous polyamine treatments influenced the polyamine metabolism differently under individual light regimes. The fine-tuning of the synthesis, back-conversion and terminal catabolism could be responsible for the observed different polyamine metabolism-modulating strategies, leading to successful adaptation to different light conditions.

scholarly journals Engineering the phototropin photocycle improves photoreceptor performance and plant biomass production

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (25) ◽  
pp. 12550-12557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaynee E. Hart ◽  
Stuart Sullivan ◽  
Paweł Hermanowicz ◽  
Jan Petersen ◽  
L. Aranzazú Diaz-Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Targeted Mutagenesis ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Plant Biomass Production

The ability to enhance photosynthetic capacity remains a recognized bottleneck to improving plant productivity. Phototropin blue light receptors (phot1 and phot2) optimize photosynthetic efficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana by coordinating multiple light-capturing processes. In this study, we explore the potential of using protein engineering to improve photoreceptor performance and thereby plant growth. We demonstrate that targeted mutagenesis can decrease or increase the photocycle lifetime of Arabidopsis phototropins in vitro and show that these variants can be used to reduce or extend the duration of photoreceptor activation in planta. Our findings show that slowing the phototropin photocycle enhanced several light-capturing responses, while accelerating it reduced phototropin’s sensitivity for chloroplast accumulation movement. Moreover, plants engineered to have a slow-photocycling variant of phot1 or phot2 displayed increased biomass production under low-light conditions as a consequence of their improved sensitivity. Together, these findings demonstrate the feasibility of engineering photoreceptors to manipulate plant growth and offer additional opportunities to enhance photosynthetic competence, particularly under suboptimal light regimes.

scholarly journals Kaempferol Glycosides in the Flowers of Carnation and their Contribution to the Creamy White Flower Color

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Iwashina ◽  
Masa-atsu Yamaguchi ◽  
Masayoshi Nakayama ◽  
Takashi Onozaki ◽  
Hiroyuki Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
White Flower ◽  
Flavonol Glycosides ◽  
White Line ◽  
Kaempferol Glycoside ◽  
Kaempferol Glycosides ◽  
C Nmr ◽  
Pure White

Three flavonol glycosides were isolated from the flowers of carnation cultivars ‘White Wink’ and ‘Honey Moon’. They were identified from their UV, MS, 1H and 13C NMR spectra as kaempferol 3 -O-neohesperidoside, kaempferol 3 -O-sophoroside and kaempferol 3- O-glucosyl-(1→2)-[rhamnosyl-(1→6)-glucoside]. Referring to previous reports, flavonols occurring in carnation flowers are characterized as kaempferol 3- O-glucosides with additional sugars binding at the 2 and/or 6-positions of the glucose. The kaempferol glycoside contents of a nearly pure white flower and some creamy white flower lines were compared. Although the major glycoside was different in each line, the total kaempferol contents of the creamy white lines were from 5.9 to 20.9 times higher than the pure white line. Thus, in carnations, kaempferol glycosides surely contribute to the creamy tone of white flowers.

Photosynthetic potential of sun and shade Viola species

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1273-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Photosynthetic Plasticity ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Photosynthetic Responses ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Meadow Species

The photosynthetic responses of a forest floor violet (Viola blanda) and a related meadow species (Viola flmbriatula) grown under controlled conditions were measured to test the prediction that these two species were photosynthetically shade and sun adapted, respectively. Based on their low photosynthetic and dark respiration rates, and low light saturation and compensation points, both violets can be classified as shade-tolerant. The forest species was photosynthetically and morphologically inflexible when grown under high light conditions, which led to chlorosis and greatly decreased photosynthetic performance. Conversely, the meadow species was both photosynthetically and morphologically flexible; its photosynthetic performance allowed it to grow well under both high and low light regimes. As a consequence, morphological flexibility may play a greater role than physiological (i.e., photosynthetic) plasticity in regulating the distribution of these two violets under field conditions.

scholarly journals Polyphenol Diversity and Antioxidant Activity of European Cistus creticus L. (Cistaceae) Compared to Six Further, Partly Sympatric Cistus Species

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Brigitte Lukas ◽  
Laura Bragagna ◽  
Katharina Starzyk ◽  
Klaudia Labedz ◽  
Klaus Stolze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Flavonol Glycosides ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Antioxidative Capacity ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Quercetin Glycosides ◽  
Northern Shore ◽  
Cistus Creticus

This investigation focused on the qualitative and quantitative composition of polyphenolic compounds of Mediterranean northern shore Cistus creticus and six further, partly sympatric Cistus species (C. albidus, C. crispus, C. ladanifer, C. monspeliensis, C. parviflorus, C. salviifolius). Aqueous extracts of 1153 individual plants from 13 countries were analyzed via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The extracts of C. creticus were primarily composed of two ellagitannins (punicalagin and punicalagin gallate) and nine flavonol glycosides (myricetin and quercetin glycosides, with m-3-O-rhamnoside as the dominant main compound). Differences in the proportions of punicalagin derivatives and flavonol glycosides allowed the classification into two chemovariants. Plants containing punicalagin derivatives and flavonol glycosides were especially abundant in the western and central Mediterranean areas and in Cyprus. From Albania eastwards, punicalagin and punicalagin gallate were of much lesser importance and the predominant chemovariant there was a nearly pure flavonol type. With its two chemovariants, C. creticus takes a central position between the flavonol-rich, purple-flowered clade (besides C. creticus, here represented by C. albidus and C. crispus) and the more ellagitannin-rich, white- or whitish-pink-flowered clade (here represented by C. ladanifer, C. monspeliensis, C. parviflorus and C. salviifolius). The median antioxidative capacity of C. creticus plant material was, with 166 mg Trolox equivalents/g dry wt, about half of the antioxidative capacity of C. ladanifer (301 mg te/g dry wt), the species with the highest antioxidative potential.

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