scholarly journals Effects of Preconception Care and Periconception Interventions on Maternal Nutritional Status and Birth Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 606
Author(s):  
Zohra S. Lassi ◽  
Sophie G. E. Kedzior ◽  
Wajeeha Tariq ◽  
Yamna Jadoon ◽  
Jai K. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Pregnancy Intervals ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Pregnancy in adolescence and malnutrition are common challenges in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and are associated with many complications and comorbidities. The preconception period is an ideal period for intervention as a preventative tactic for teenage pregnancy, and to increase micronutrient supplementation prior to conception. Over twenty databases and websites were searched and 45 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-experimental interventions with intent to delay the age at first pregnancy (n = 26), to optimize inter-pregnancy intervals (n = 4), and supplementation of folic acid (n = 5) or a combination of iron and folic acid (n = 10) during the periconception period were included. The review found that educational interventions to delay the age at first pregnancy and optimizing inter-pregnancy intervals significantly improved the uptake of contraception use (RR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.42–2.05; two studies, n = 911; I2 = 0%) and (RR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.29–3.93; one study, n = 338), respectively. For periconceptional folic acid supplementation, the incidence of neural tube defects were reduced (RR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.41–0.77; two studies, n = 248,056; I2 = 0%), and iron-folic acid supplementation improved the rates of anemia (RR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.53–0.81; six studies; n = 3430, I2 = 88%), particularly when supplemented weekly and in a school setting. Notwithstanding the findings, more robust RCTs are required from LMICs to further support the evidence.

Parent-targeted postnatal educational interventions in low and middle-income countries: A scoping review and critical analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 60-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Dol ◽  
Marsha Campbell-Yeo ◽  
Gail Tomblin Murphy ◽  
Megan Aston ◽  
Douglas McMillan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Effective educational interventions for the promotion of sexual and reproductive health and rights for school-age children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arone Wondwossen Fantaye ◽  
Amos Wung Buh ◽  
Dina Idriss-Wheeler ◽  
Karine Fournier ◽  
Sanni Yaya
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Biological changes underlying the sexual and reproductive maturation of school-age children are linked with various sexual and reproductive health and rights risks. SRHR risks are predictors of poor SRHR outcomes, such as poor knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases and early sexual initiation occurring predominantly among school-age children. The aim of this proposed review, therefore, is to identify educational interventions that have proven to be effective in promoting or supporting the sexual and reproductive health and rights of school-aged children in low- and middle-income countries. Methods A systematic review of studies on the strategies promoting the SRHR of school-aged children shall be conducted. Electronic searches will be conducted from January 2000 onwards on the following databases: MEDLINE(R) ALL (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOHost), APA PsycInfo (Ovid), ERIC (Ovid), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Ovid), Education Source (EBSCOHost), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), SciELO Citation Index (Clarivate Analytics), Global Health (Ovid), and Sociological Abstract (Proquest). Studies eligible for inclusion will be randomized control trials (RCTs), non-randomized trials, quasi-experimental studies (e.g., pre-post tests), and observational studies (cross-sectional and cohort studies). Peer-reviewed studies published in English and/or French and involving school-aged children 5–10 years old will be included. The primary outcomes of interest will include knowledge, awareness, or attitudes about SRHR topics. The secondary outcomes of interest will include sexual and reproductive behaviors. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, abstract data, and full-text articles, and the methodological quality of each study will be appraised using JBI critical appraisal tools. A narrative synthesis of extracted data will be conducted. Discussion The systematic review will synthesize the evidence on existing educational interventions targeting SRHR outcomes of school-aged children in low- and middle-income countries. It will identify which interventions have proven to be effective, and which interventions have not proven to be effective in promoting or supporting their SRHR. Review findings will provide a useful reference for policy-makers, program developers, global health leaders, and decision makers who wish to support the SRHR of school-age children. Systematic review registration The protocol has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO CRD42020173158).

scholarly journals Community-based distribution of iron–folic acid supplementation in low- and middle-income countries: a review of evidence and programme implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine A Kavle ◽  
Megan Landry
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Iron Folic Acid ◽  
Low And Middle Income

AbstractObjectiveThe present literature review aimed to review the evidence for community-based distribution (CBD) of iron–folic acid (IFA) supplementation as a feasible approach to improve anaemia rates in low- and middle-income countries.DesignThe literature review included peer-reviewed studies and grey literature from PubMed, Cochrane Library, LILAC and Scopus databases.SettingLow- and middle-income countries.SubjectsNon-pregnant women, pregnant women, and girls.ResultsCBD programmes had moderate success with midwives and community health workers (CHW) who counselled on health benefits and compliance with IFA supplementation. CHW were more likely to identify and reach a greater number of women earlier in pregnancy, as women tended to present late to antenatal care. CBD channels had greater consistency in terms of adequate supplies of IFA in comparison to clinics and vendors, who faced stock outages. Targeting women of reproductive age through school and community settings showed high compliance and demonstrated reductions in anaemia.ConclusionsCBD of IFA supplementation can be a valuable platform for improving knowledge about anaemia, addressing compliance and temporary side-effects of IFA supplements, and increasing access and coverage of IFA supplementation. Programmatic efforts focusing on community-based platforms should complement services and information provided at the health facility level. Provision of training and supportive supervision for CHW on how to counsel women on benefits, side-effects, and when, why, and how to take IFA supplements, as part of behaviour change communication, can be strengthened, alongside logistics and supply systems to ensure consistent supplies of IFA tablets at both the facility and community levels.

scholarly journals Educational Curricula and Programs in Adolescent Medicine for Health Workers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4s) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen K. Miller ◽  
Sarah Jane Brown ◽  
Betsy Pfeffer ◽  
Peter Olupot-Olupot ◽  
Sabrina Kitaka
Keyword(s):  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Low And Middle Income

ABSTRACT Background Adolescent medicine (AM) has been increasingly recognized as critically important to the health of individuals during their transition to adulthood. On a global scale, AM is often underprioritized and underfunded. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), education and AM training is developing, and AM physicians often are from general medicine backgrounds. Objective The objective of our scoping review was to identify existing training curricula and educational tools designed to teach AM skills to health care workers in LMICs. Methods We followed PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews for article identification and inclusion. Online databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus, were used to identify papers. We included studies that took place in a LMIC, were available in English, and described any of the following: published educational curricula in AM, education-based intervention for HCWs that focused on AM, or a training opportunity in AM located in a LMIC. Results Our review includes 14 publications: 5 published curricula and 9 articles describing educational interventions or training opportunities in AM in LMICs. Curricula were relatively consistent in the topics included, although they varied in implementation and teaching strategies. The scholarly articles described educational materials and identified a number of innovative strategies for training programs. Conclusions Our review found existing high-quality AM curricula designed for LMICs. However, there is limited published data on their implementation and utilization. There is a continued need for funding and implementation of education in AM in resource-constrained settings.

scholarly journals Periconceptional folic acid supplementation: Knowledge, attitudes and counselling practice of Serbian pharmacists and pharmacy technicians

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 1127-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Zekovic ◽  
Dusanka Krajnovic ◽  
Marina Nikolic ◽  
Tatjana Stojkovic ◽  
Mirjana Gurinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Folate Intake ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Counselling Practice ◽  
Pharmacy Technicians

Background/Aim. The protective effect of periconceptional folic acid supplementation in reducing the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) and other adverse pregnancy outcomes has been scientifically confirmed. The present study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) of community pharmacists and pharmacy technicians with regards to counselling women of reproductive age on adequate folate intake. Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted among the nationwide stratified sample of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians, practicing in both private and state-owned community pharmacies in Serbia. The detailed literature review, expert consultation and pre-testing were employed in the questionnaire development. The descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software ver. 22. Results. Among 730 survey participants, 96.6% correctly identified types of deformities that could be prevented by folic acid and 77.0% recognized recommended dosage for women capable of becoming pregnant. However, fewer were able to recognize the optimal timing for folic acid supplementation (61.1%) and the proper dose for the NTD recurrence prevention (42.9 %). While 43.2% of pharmacy technicians thought that it was not their responsibility to provide a counselling concerning the measures for the prevention of congenital anomalies, only 4.7% of licensed pharmacists and none of the interns were of that opinion (?2 = 198.287; df = 4; p < 0.001). The majority of respondents (54.7%) reported provision of informative consultation concerning folic acid once a week, or few times a month, while only 10 stated to do so on a daily basis. In addition, based on self-report, only 36.7% of participants communicates information and advice regarding adequate folate status at their own initiative, while the rest addresses this topic only on the patients request, i.e., reactively. Conclusion. Although participants acknowledged the importance of their role in preconception health promotion, our findings revealed certain knowledge gaps as well as dominantly reactive counselling practice. Tailored educational interventions and professional support are needed to improve the engagement of community pharmacy personnel in this area of public health.

Some Conditions for Task Shifting in Low and Middle-Income Countries

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joop de Jong ◽  
Mark Jordans ◽  
Ivan Komproe ◽  
Robert Macy ◽  
Aline & Herman Ndayisaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Shifting ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income
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