scholarly journals Hospital Regimens Including Probiotics Guide the Individual Development of the Gut Microbiome of Very Low Birth Weight Infants in the First Two Weeks of Life

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Kurath-Koller ◽  
Charlotte Neumann ◽  
Christine Moissl-Eichinger ◽  
Raimund Kraschl ◽  
Claudia Kanduth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: It is unknown to what extent the microbiome of preterm infants is influenced by hospital regimens including the use of different probiotics when it comes to the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Methods: Prospective controlled multicenter cohort study including very low birth weight infants from three neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) between October 2015 and March 2017. During this time span, stool was sampled every other day during the first two weeks and samples were subjected to amplicon-based microbiome analyses. Out of these, seventeen negative controls were processed (German Registry of Clinical Trials (No.: DRKS00009290)). Results: The groups (3 × 18 infants) showed no statistically significant difference regarding gestational age, birth weight, APGAR scores and oxygen demand. 2029 different taxa were detected, including Enterococcus and Staphylococcus, as well as the probiotic genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium predominating. The bacterial load was found to increase earlier on when probiotics were used. Without probiotics administration, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium contributed only marginally to the fecal microbiome. Some infants did not respond to probiotic administration. The samples from all centers participating reached a very similar diversity after two weeks while the microbiome samples from all three centers clustered significantly yet varied from each other. Conclusion: Probiotics proved to be safe and initiated an earlier increase of bacterial load (with marked individual divergences), which might play a crucial role in the prevention of neonatal morbidities. Meconium was found not to be free of bacterial DNA, and oral antibiotics did not influence the fecal microbiome development negatively, and hospital regimes led to a center-specific, distinct cluster formation.

Neonatal Outcome of Babies Born to Women 40 Years and Older in a Jamaican Birth Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Trotman ◽  
Maureen Samms-Vaughan ◽  
Charlene Coore-Desai ◽  
Jody-Ann Reece ◽  
Oluwayomi Olugbuyi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minute Apgar Score

Objective The study aimed to determine the outcome of babies born to women ≥40 years in a Jamaican birth cohort. Patients and Methods Maternal demographic data and neonatal data for women ≥40 years who delivered live singleton babies and their younger counterparts aged 20 30 years were extracted from the JA KIDS birth cohort dataset. Outcome measures were preterm birth, low birth weight, very low birth weight, extremely low birth weight, macrosomia, a low 5-minute Apgar score <7, admission to the neonatal unit, and neonatal death. Descriptive analyses were performed; statistical significance was taken at the level p <0.05. Results A total of 5,424 women and their babies were entered into the study, 5,099 (94%) women were aged 20 to 30 years (mean age ± standard deviation [SD]: 24.5 ± 3.2 years) and 325 (6%) were aged ≥40 years (mean age ± SD: 41.5 ± 1.6 years). A greater percentage of preterm babies (18%) were born to women ≥40 years than to their younger counterparts (14%; p = 0.04). There was no difference in the proportion of low birth weight infants, very low birth weight infants, or extremely low birth weight infants born between the two groups (p > 0.05). There was also no significant difference in the proportion of babies who were macrosomic and in those who had a low 5-minute Apgar score <7. There were 866 (16%) neonatal admissions, 67/325 (21%) of these babies were born to women aged ≥40 years and 799/5,099 (16%) were born to their younger counterparts (p = 0.01). The commonest reason for admission was prematurity. While 60 babies died, there was no significant difference between both groups with 56 (1%) born to women 20 to 30 years and 4 (1%) born to women ≥40 years (p = 0.48). Conclusion Adverse outcomes noted for babies born to women ≥40 years were prematurity and the need for neonatal admission. However, no excess mortality was recorded. Key Points

Clinical characteristics of newborn with different birth weight (results of a multicenter cohort study)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan A Deev ◽  
Kristina V Kulikova ◽  
Olga S Kobyakova ◽  
Evgeny S Kulikov ◽  
Aleksandr V Holopov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Multicenter Cohort

This article is dedicated to analysis of clinical characteristics of children with different birth weight included in the multicenter cohort study of newborns. The study analyzed data 572 children who were stratified according to birth weight (normal, low, very low and extremely low body weight). As part of the protocol incorporating the patient’s visit was provided at the time of birth (visit 0), a retrospective collection of anamnestic data about the mother (Visit -1) and visit prospective study of children aged 12 months (Visit 1). As a result of the analysis, it was found that the increase in frequency of operative delivery, and reduction of Apgar score and the presence of the studied pathological conditions, to the greatest extent, common in children who had birth weight of less than 1500 in this case. The probability of a combination of 3 or more conditions (described in this paper), in the case of a child with an extremely low birth weight was higher in the 44-fold (OR = 44.52; CI95% 15,5-127,5), while when the newborn had very low birth weight - a chance of development was significantly higher only in the 7-fold (OR = 7.12; CI95% 2,4-20,9) compared with children who had a low birth weight. In this regard, there is a need not only to the use of modern technologies nursing of low birth weight infants, but also provide preventive care in a group of women with a high degree of perinatal risk and risk of preterm delivery, allowing prolong pregnancy up to 32 weeks and/or weight of the fruit body of more than 1000 g, which can improve the survival rates of patients and the prevention of premature severe disabling conditions in the future.

scholarly journals Association of perinatal factors of epilepsy in very low birth weight infants, using a nationwide database in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1472-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Matsushita ◽  
◽  
Yasunari Sakai ◽  
Michiko Torio ◽  
Hirosuke Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Periventricular Leukomalacia ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Neurological Sequelae ◽  
Psychomotor Delay ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective To determine clinical features of very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) who had developed epilepsy by age 3 years. Study design Multicenter cohort study using the Neonatal Research Network of Japan database. We analyzed clinical variables of 8431 VLBWIs who had recorded data of neurological sequelae at age 3 years. Logistic regression identified the association between variables and development of epilepsy. Result One hundred and forty-three (1.7%) infants developed epilepsy, 683 (8.1%) showed cerebral palsy (CP), and 1114 (13.2%) had psychomotor delay. Epilepsy was associated with history of sepsis [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 3.23], severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH; AOR 5.13), and cystic periventricular leukomalacia (PVL; AOR 12.7). Severe IVH and cystic PVL were also frequently associated with CP and psychomotor delay. Conclusion Severe IVH and cystic PVL are strongly associated with development of epilepsy, as well as other neurological sequelae, and are potential critical therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Differences in perceived parental stress between parents with very low birth weight infants and nurses in neonatal intensive care units, South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-307
Author(s):  
Seol-Hee Moon ◽  
Ho-Ran Park ◽  
Dong Yeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stress Score

Purpose: This descriptive study compared the perceived parental stress levels between parents with very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) and nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Methods: In total, 83 parents of VLBWIs and 78 NICU nurses were enrolled. Data were collected with the Parental Stress Scale (PSS) and analyzed using the t-test and analysis of variance in SAS version 9.4.Results: The average PSS score was 3.31 among parents and 3.45 among nurses. The stress score was significantly higher among nurses with children (t=2.46, p=.016) and senior nurses (t=2.12, p=.037). There was a significant difference in the stress score according to parents' education (t=3.29, p=.002) and occupation (F=3.14, p=.049) in the sights and sounds subscale. Mothers had significantly higher stress scores than fathers in the parental role alterations subscale (t=2.32, p=.023). Parental stress scores were higher than those perceived by nurses in the infant's appearance and behaviors subscale for breathing patterns (t=2.95, p=.004), followed by jerky/ restless behavior (t=2.70, p=.008).Conclusion: Nurses should provide explanations to parents of VLBWIs in order to reduce parental stress about the appearances and behavior of VLBWIs. This is more important than aspect of the NICU environment and education about parental roles.

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