scholarly journals Amino Acid Composition of Amniotic Fluid during the Perinatal Period Reflects Mother’s Fat and Carbohydrate Intake

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2136
Author(s):  
Mitsue Sano ◽  
Haruna Nagura ◽  
Sayako Ueno ◽  
Akira Nakashima
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Habitual Diet ◽  
Dietary Content ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

Dietary content during pregnancy is important because it is necessary for the growth of the fetus. With the assumption that the nutritional status of the fetus can be monitored by measuring amino acid concentrations in the amniotic fluid, we investigated whether the habitual dietary intake of pregnant women affected the composition of the amniotic fluid and the significance of performing amniotic fluid analysis. The subjects were 34 mothers who delivered full-term babies by cesarean section. Three biological samples were collected from the mothers: blood, cord blood, and amniotic fluid. At the same time, the mothers’ prenatal nutritional intake information was also recorded. When the amino acid contents of the samples were compared with the mothers’ nutrient intake, many amino acids in the amniotic fluid were positively correlated with lipid intake, but not with protein intake. There was a negative correlation between lipid intake and carbohydrate intake, and the amino acid contents of the amniotic fluid were also negatively correlated with carbohydrate intake. The results of this study were consistent with those found in animal models, suggesting that the analysis of amniotic fluid may be a useful method to investigate the effects of habitual diet during human pregnancy on the fetus.

730: Amniotic fluid amino acid concentrations in relation to gestational age and maternal nutrient intake in a group of pregnant women

2008 ◽  
Vol 199 (6) ◽  
pp. S208
Author(s):  
Alexandra-Maria Michaelidou ◽  
Apostolos Athanasiadis ◽  
Maria Fotiou ◽  
Athanasios Koutsos ◽  
Constantinos Leventis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

scholarly journals Validation of Accuracy-based Amino Acid Reference Materials in Dried-Blood Spots by Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Newborn Screening Assays

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1269-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H Chace ◽  
Barbara W Adam ◽  
S Jay Smith ◽  
J Richard Alexander ◽  
Steven L Hillman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

Abstract Background: Advances in technology and the earlier release of newborns from hospitals have pressed the demand for accurate calibration and improved interlaboratory performance for newborn screening tests. As a first step toward standardization of newborn screening aminoacidopathy tests, we have produced six-pool sets of multianalyte dried-blood-spot amino acid reference materials (AARMs) containing predetermined quantities of five amino acids. We describe here the production of the AARMs, validation of their amino acid contents, and characterization of their homogeneity and their stability in storage. Methods: To each of six portions of a pool of washed erythrocytes suspended in serum we added Phe (0–200 mg/L), Leu (0–200 mg/L), Met (0–125 mg/L), Tyr (0–125 mg/L), and Val (0–125 mg/L). Six-pool sets (1300) were prepared, dried, and packaged. We used isotope-dilution mass spectrometry to estimate the endogenous amino acid concentrations of the AARMs and validate their final amino acid concentrations. We used additional tandem mass spectrometry analyses to examine the homogeneity of amino acid distribution in each AARM, and HPLC analyses to evaluate the stability of the amino acid contents of the AARMs. Results: The absolute mean biases across the analytic range for five amino acids were 2.8–9.4%. One-way ANOVAs of the homogeneity results predicted no statistically significant differences in amino acid concentrations within the blood spots or within the pools (P >0.05). Regression slopes (0 ± 0.01) for amino acid concentrations vs storage times and their P values (>0.05) showed no evidence of amino acid degradation at ambient temperatures, 4 °C, or −20 °C during the intervals tested. Conclusion: The validation, homogeneity, and stability of these blood spots support their use as a candidate national reference material for calibration of assays that measure amino acids in dried-blood spots.

scholarly journals AMINO ACID CONCENTRATIONS IN MATERNAL AND FETAL BLOOD AND IN AMNIOTIC FLUID AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF A PHENYLALANINE LOAD IN PREGNANT FASCICULARIS MONKEYS

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 224A-224A
Author(s):  
Siegfried M Pueschel ◽  
Joan M Boylan ◽  
Benjamin T Jackson ◽  
George J Piasecki
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Fetal Blood ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

Effects of early-and mid-pregnancy under-nutrition on maternal and foetal plasma free amino acid concentrations in Scottish Blackface and Suffolk sheep

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 74-74
Author(s):  
J A Rooke ◽  
M Werkman ◽  
K McIlvaney ◽  
C M Dwyer ◽  
C J Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Foetal Development ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

Nutrient intake during pregnancy affects foetal development and placental function in a range of species, often with long-term effects on offspring viability. Maternal supply and placental transport of amino acids are key to delivering amino acids for foetal metabolism. Maternal under-nutrition has been shown to reduce both maternal and foetal amino acid concentrations even after a period of re-feeding (Kwon et al. 2004). Intriguingly whether sheep have been adapted to a harsh environment or not appears to influence the extent of any reduction (Jobgen et al. 2008). The present study therefore tested whether plasma amino acid concentrations differed between Scottish Blackface (B) sheep adapted to a hill environment and a lowland breed (Suffolk, S) selected for lean tissue growth when challenged by a period of under-nutrition.

Influence of exercise on free amino acid concentrations in rat tissues

1981 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Dohm ◽  
G. R. Beecher ◽  
R. Q. Warren ◽  
R. T. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Acidic Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

Levels of free amino acids in muscle, liver, and plasma were measured in rats that had either swum (1 or 2 h) or run (until exhausted). Exercise lowered alanine levels in all three tissues except for liver of exhausted rats. Exercise decreased the plasma levels of the acidic amino acids and their amides. Glutamate and glutamine levels were depressed in muscle, and the glutamine level was lowered in liver by exercise. Aspartate concentration was lowered by exercise in liver but elevated in muscle. The branched-chain amino acids were generally elevated by exercise as were tyrosine, phenylalanine, methionine, and lysine. Plasma 3-methylhistidine concentration was also elevated by an exercise bout. The changes observed in the amino acid contents of muscle, liver, and plasma are consistent with the increase in protein degradation during exercise that we previously reported. The lowered levels of some amino acids (e.g., alanine, glutamine, glutamate) seem to suggest that amino acid catabolism and/or gluconeogenesis is increased by exercise.

scholarly journals Nitrogen metabolism in a grapevine in vitro system

OENO One ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Nuria Llorens ◽  
Lluís Arola ◽  
Cinta Bladé ◽  
Albert Mas
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Nitrite Reductases ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations ◽  
Abundant Amino Acid

<p style="text-align: justify;">Ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, protein and individual and total amino acid contents were determined in grapevine (cv Sauvignon) cultured <em>in vitro</em>. The enzyme activities of nitrate and nitrite reductases, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthetase and dehydrogenase were also determined. The nitrogen taken up by the plants was 70% of the total nitrogen in the medium after 75 days of <em>in vitro</em> culture. Most of the nitrogen taken up was recovered in the leaves, yet only ammonia and amino acid concentrations were significantly higher in leaves. In roots, glutamine was the most abundant amino acid. In leaves, the most abundant amino acids were aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, alanine, arginine and g-aminobutirate. All enzyme activities were higher in roots than in leaves. These results suggest that both roots and leaves incorporate inorganic nitrogen into organic forms.</p>

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