scholarly journals Experimental Measurement of Absorption Coefficients for Effective Erbium-Doping Concentration to Optimize Few-Mode Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers with Low Differential Mode Gain

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Yan Xu ◽  
Baojian Wu ◽  
Xinrui Jiang ◽  
Haomiao Guo ◽  
Feng Wen
Keyword(s):  
Doping Concentration ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Absorption Loss ◽  
Differential Mode ◽  
Transmission Method ◽  
Modal Gain ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Erbium Doped

According to the analytical expression for modal gain of few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (FM-EDFAs), we propose a method of measuring the absorption loss coefficients of few-mode signals in few-mode erbium-doped fibers (FM-EDFs) by extrapolating the mode–gain curve dependent on the average population inversion. The absorption loss coefficient of an FM-EDF was measured in our experimental platform and used to estimate the effective erbium-ion doping concentration. The feasibility of the extrapolation method was verified by simulation and comparison with the transmission method. Furthermore, the FM-EDFAs with high modal gain and low differential mode gain (DMG) could be optimized by adjusting the FM-EDF’s length and pump power. The analysis process presented here is very useful for the efficient design of FM-EDFAs from a practical point of view.

Performance Analysis of an EDFA Utilizing a Partially Doped Core Fiber (PDCF)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ahad ◽  
M.C. Paul ◽  
S.Z. Muhd-Yassin ◽  
A. Mansoor ◽  
H.A. Abdul-Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Doping Concentration ◽  
Noise Figure ◽  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
The Core ◽  
Erbium Ions ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Ion Doping ◽  
Amplifier Gain ◽  
Core Fiber ◽  
Erbium Ion

AbstractThe effect of transversal design in Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers’ gain and noise figure performance is illustrated in this work. In this work, we investigate experimentally a single pass 980 nm pumped EDFA with partially doped Erbium core fiber (PDCF), which has the core partially doped with Erbium ions. Later, the enumerated results for PDCF are compared with a standard fully doped EDF, having similar Erbium ion doping concentration. The PDCF Amplifier gain and noise figure performance is studied against different pump power and signal power at different operating wavelengths. The noise figure indicates improvement due to reduced spontaneous emission from un-doped region of the core.

Strongly Coupled Few-mode Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifiers with Ultralow Differential Modal Gain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaping Liu ◽  
Xutao Wang ◽  
Zhiqun Yang ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Guifang Li
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Modal Gain ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Erbium Doped

Azimuthal dependence of modal gain and its impact on gain equalization in multimode erbium-doped fiber amplifiers

Optik ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 3538-3543
Author(s):  
Zujun Qin ◽  
Song Ye ◽  
Wentao Zhang ◽  
Xianming Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Azimuthal Dependence ◽  
Modal Gain ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Gain Equalization

scholarly journals Gain Equalization for Few-Mode Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers via Strong Mode Coupling

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
Yaping Liu ◽  
Zhiqun Yang ◽  
Xutao Wang ◽  
Yongmin Jung ◽  
Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Transfer Matrix ◽  
Mode Coupling ◽  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Modal Gain ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Gain Equalization ◽  
Strong Mode ◽  
Step Index Fiber

Few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (FM-EDFAs) are one of the most important optical subsystems for successful space division multiplexed transmission systems. In this paper, we propose a new FM-EDFA designed to achieve significantly reduced differential modal gain (DMG) via strong mode coupling. Using a new numerical model based on a fiber transfer matrix, the DMGs of FM-EDFAs are systematically investigated and two different types of six-mode fiber amplifiers are analyzed, as exemplar demonstrations. In a uniformly doped step-index fiber, the DMG can be reduced from 9.3 to 1.1 dB (i.e., 8.2 dB reduction) and further reduced to 0.5 dB in a dual-layer doping structure.

Adaptive Modal Gain Equalization Techniques in Multi-Mode Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2133-2143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Nasiri Mahalati ◽  
Daulet Askarov ◽  
Joseph M. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Modal Gain ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Gain Equalization ◽  
Multi Mode

scholarly journals Sustainable Electric Personal Mobility: The Design of a Wireless Charging Infrastructure for Urban Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1270
Author(s):  
Sung Il Kwag ◽  
Uhjin Hur ◽  
Young Dae Ko
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Tourism ◽  
Electric Mobility ◽  
Wireless Charging ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Personal Mobility ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Mobility System

Though new technologies have been applied in all industries, electric mobility technology using eco-friendly energy is drawing a great deal of attention. This research focuses on a personal electric mobility system for urban tourism. Some tourism sites such as Gyeongju, Korea, have broad spaces for tourists to walk around, but the public transportation system has been insufficiently developed due to economic reasons. Therefore, personal mobility technology such as electric scooters can be regarded as efficient alternatives. For the operation of electric scooters, a charging infrastructure is necessary. Generally, scooters can be charged via wires, but this research suggests an advanced electric personal mobility system based on wireless electric charging technology that can accommodate user convenience. A mathematical model-based optimization was adopted to derive an efficient design for a wireless charging infrastructure while minimizing total investment costs. By considering the type of tourists and their tour features, optimal locations and lengths of the static and dynamic wireless charging infrastructure are derived. By referring to this research, urban tourism can handle transportation issues from a sustainable point of view. Moreover, urban tourism will have a better chance of attracting tourists by conserving heritage sites and by facilitating outdoor activities with electric personal mobility.

scholarly journals Edogawa Rampo’s short story Kagami Jigoku: A Structural Study

KIRYOKU ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Yuliani Rahmah
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Structural Methods ◽  
Modern Era

The purpose of this research is to analyze the intrinsic elements found in the short story Kagami Jigoku by Edogawa Rampo. By using structural methods the analysis process  find out the intrinsic elements which builds  the Kagami Jikoku short story. As a result it is known that the Kagami Jikoku is a short story with a mystery theme as the hallmark of Rampo as its author. The characteristic of this short story can be seen from the theme which raised the unusual obsession problem of the main characters. With the first person point of view which tells in unusual way from the other short stories, the regression plot in Kagami Jikoku is able to tell the unique phenomenon of Japanese society and its modern technology through elements of place, time and socio-cultural aspects of Japanese society in the modern era

Investigations of Different Amplifiers in 16 × 40 Gb/S WDM System

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-346
Author(s):  
Kulwinder Singh ◽  
Karan Goel ◽  
Kamaljit Singh Bhatia ◽  
Hardeep Singh Ryait
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Fiber Amplifier ◽  
Optical Amplifier ◽  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Eye Opening ◽  
Eye Closure

Abstract Different fiber amplifiers such as semiconductor optical amplifier, erbium-doped fiber amplifier and erbium ytterbium-co-doped fiber amplifier (EYCDFA) are investigated for 16×40 GB/s wavelength division multiplexing system. Various performance parameters including Q-factor, bit error rate, jitter, eye opening and eye closure are observed and analyzed. It is reported that EYCDFA is a better choice among the tested amplifiers. The proposed system is also investigated in terms of transmission distance.

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