scholarly journals Flame Inhibition and Charring Effect of Aromatic Polyimide and Aluminum Diethylphosphinate in Polyamide 6

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haisheng Feng ◽  
Yong Qiu ◽  
Lijun Qian ◽  
Yajun Chen ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Barrier Effect ◽  
Aromatic Polyimide ◽  
Char Layer ◽  
Evolved Gases ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Flame Inhibition ◽  
Mechanical Properties And Corrosion ◽  
Peak Value

An aromatic macromolecular polyimide (API) was synthesized and characterized, and used as a synergistic charring flame retardant in glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (GF/PA6). API and aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) exhibited better flame inhibition behavior and synergistic charring flame retardant behavior compared with ADP alone. The 5%API/7%ADP/GF/PA6 sample achieved the lower peak value of the heat release rate (pk-HRR) at 497 kW/m2 and produced higher residue yields of 36.1 wt.%, verifying that API and ADP have an outstanding synergistic effect on the barrier effect. The API/ADP system facilitated the formation of a carbonaceous, phosphorus and aluminum-containing compact char layer with increased barrier effect. FTIR spectra of the residue and real-time TGA-FTIR analysis on the evolved gases from PA6 composites revealed that API interacted with ADP/PA6 and locked in more P–O–C and P–O–Ar content, which is the main mechanism for improving flame inhibition and charring ability. In addition, the API/ADP system improved the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of GF/PA6 composites compared to ADP alone.

scholarly journals Peanut Shell Derived Carbon Combined with Nano Cobalt: An Effective Flame Retardant for Epoxy Resin

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6662
Author(s):  
Jing Liang ◽  
Wenhao Yang ◽  
Anthony Chun Yin Yuen ◽  
Hu Long ◽  
Shuilai Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Barrier Effect ◽  
Physical Barrier ◽  
Char Layer ◽  
Peak Heat Release Rate ◽  
2D Structure

Biomass-derived carbon has been recognised as a green, economic and promising flame retardant (FR) for polymer matrix. In this paper, it is considered that the two-dimensional (2D) structure of carbonised peanut shells (PS) can lead to a physical barrier effect on polymers. The carbonised sample was prepared by the three facile methods, and firstly adopted as flame retardants for epoxy resin. The results of thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimeter tests indicate that the carbon combined with nano Cobalt provides the most outstanding thermal stability in the current study. With 3 wt.% addition of the FR, both peak heat release rate (pHRR) and peak smoke production rate (PSPR) decrease by 37.9% and 33.3%, correspondingly. The flame retardancy mechanisms of the FR are further explored by XPS and TG-FTIR. The effectiveness of carbonised PS can be mainly attributed to the physical barrier effect derived by PS’s 2D structure and the catalysis effect from Cobalt, which contribute to form a dense char layer.

scholarly journals Enhanced flame-retardant effect of a montmorillonite/phosphaphenanthrene compound in an epoxy thermoset

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 720-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Tang ◽  
Volker Wachtendorf ◽  
Patrick Klack ◽  
Lijun Qian ◽  
Yuping Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Barrier Effect ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Protective Barrier ◽  
Flame Inhibition

The protective barrier effect of OMMT and the flame-inhibition effect of TAD jointly exerted a superior flame-retardant effect, resulting in sufficient flame-retardant effect on epoxy thermosets.

Study on the Properties and Mechanism of Flame Retarded Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyamide 6 with Microcapsulated Aluminum Hypophosphite

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 916-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Shan Tang ◽  
Yi Lun Tan ◽  
Ning Ping Wang ◽  
Lang Ping Xia ◽  
Jie Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Flame Retarded ◽  
Aluminum Hypophosphite

Aluminum hypophosphite can be used to flame retard glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (GFPA6). TGIC microcapsulated AlHP (T-AlHP) and epoxy resin microcapsulated AlHP (E-AlHP) were made and put into GFPA6. The vertical burning tests and mechanical tests were taken to study the flame retardant performance and mechanical properties of the corresponding composites. Addition of either T-AlHP or E-AlHP resulted in an increased UL-94 rating and a decreased comprehensive mechanical performance. T-AlHP endowed GFPA6 a better flame retardancy than E-AlHP did. TG showed the decomposition behaviors of T-AlHP, E-AlHP, and the corresponding composites. From Py-GC/MS, the detailed pyrolysis products of flame retardants and the flame-retardant composites were identified. Finally, the properties and mechanism of flame retarded GFPA6 with these two kinds of microcapsulated Aluminum Phosphate were summarized.

scholarly journals Synergistic Charring Flame-Retardant Behavior of Polyimide and Melamine Polyphosphate in Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide 66

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tang ◽  
Yanfang Cao ◽  
Lijun Qian ◽  
Yajun Chen ◽  
Yong Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Polyamide 66 ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Char Layer ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Synergistic Flame Retardant

The synergistic charring, flame-retardant behavior of the macromolecular charring agents polyimide (PI) and melamine polyphosphate (MPP) were studied in glass fiber-reinforced polyamide 66 (PA66). This kind of synergistic charring effect is explained by the fact that PI performed better char-forming ability while working with phosphorus content. The research results showed that, compared with the incorporation of individual MPP, MPP/PI with an appropriate ratio exhibited better flame retardancy and better charring ability. A blend of 11.9%MPP/5.1%PI/PA66 possessed an increased LOI (limiting oxygen index) value of 33.9% and passed the UL94 V-0 rating, obtained a lower peak heat release rate value (pk-HRR), a lower total heat release (THR) value, a lower total smoke release (TSR) value, and a higher residue yield. The results verified the synergistic flame-retardant effect between MPP and PI in the PA66 composite. Melamine polyphosphate and PI jointly interacted with PA66 matrix and locked more carbonaceous compositions in residue and formed a more compact char layer, resulting in a reduced burning intensity and a reduction in the release of fuels. Therefore, the enhanced flame-retardant effect of the MPP/PI system is attributed to the higher charring ability and stronger barrier effect of the char layer in PA66 in the condensed phase.

New sustainable flame retardant DOPO-NH-functionalized polyamide 6 and filament yarn

2021 ◽  
pp. 130760
Author(s):  
Marija Čolović ◽  
Jelena Vasiljević ◽  
Žiga Štirn ◽  
Nataša Čelan Korošin ◽  
Matic Šobak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Filament Yarn
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